Post on 06-Jul-2018
8/17/2019 Slide Presentation HEX
1/26
Universiti Kuala Lumpur
Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering
TechnologyMini Project 2!"
Process #eat Transfer$CLB 2!%&
#eat '(changer )esign*
Creative Tu+e ,nd -hell
#eat '(changer
Muhammad ,shrul Bin Mohd .asir ""2!2!/0
Mohamad Lu1man #a1im Bin Md a1i ""2!2!/220
Mohamad ,3han -o+rie Bin Mohamad ,nuar ""2!2!/224
Mohamad -hamil Bin -ha5amry ""2!2!//6
Mohd 7arid Bin 8usri ""2!2!/2/6
8/17/2019 Slide Presentation HEX
2/26
)'-I9. :# #',T ';C#,.9'<
Basic component of heat e(changer*I.Shell
II.Tubes
III.Front end headIV.Rear end head
V.Baffles
8/17/2019 Slide Presentation HEX
3/26
)'-I9. :# #',T ';C#,.9'<
!= -hell-Used E-shell type because it cheapness and simplicity
-One pass shell
- iameter of shell is !." meter
-#en$th of shell is %." meter
- &aterial used is stainless-steel
2= Tu+es- Used nic'el alloy material
- (i$h conducti)ity of heat
- Usin$ * tubes in once shell
- iameter of tubes is "."+ meter - #en$th of tubes is ,." meter
- &ore lon$er tubes more effecti)e heat transfer
- foulin$ factor of tubes is ".""" m+ / 0-1
8/17/2019 Slide Presentation HEX
4/26
)'-I9. :# #',T ';C#,.9'<
%= Baffles and 9eometry- To support tube for structural ri$idity
- To di)ert the flo2 across the bundletube to obtain hi$her heat transfercoefficient
- 3re)ent tube )ibration and sa$$in$
- Used trans)erse type layout- Usin$ * baffles to support tubes.
- Usin$ $eometry for s4uare tube layout
/= Tu+es layout
- usin$ s4uare layout- tubes an$le is %"
8/17/2019 Slide Presentation HEX
5/26
)'-I9. :# #',T ';C#,.9'<
"= 7ront end stationary head types- usin$ B types
- Bonnet 5internal co)er6
>=
8/17/2019 Slide Presentation HEX
6/26
)'-I9. :# #',T ';C#,.9'<
8/17/2019 Slide Presentation HEX
7/26
)'-I9. :# #',T ';C#,.9'<
Oil (Shell) Water (Tube)
Tin (°C) 125 25
Tout (°C) 89 45
Tf (°C) 107 35
Cp (kJ/kg.K) 2.25 4.178
Pr 230 4.83
μ (kg/.!) 0.009 0.720"10#3
$ (kg/3) 83% 994.0
& (2/!) 1.7"10#5 #
k ('/.K) 0.13% 0.%23
!! *o+rt, (kg/!) 45 28
-i,t,r () 3.0 0.02
The parameter from property ta+le and calculation
8/17/2019 Slide Presentation HEX
8/26
)'-I9. :# #',T ';C#,.9'<
Length/tube (m) 9.0 8.0
o. of tu, (T) # %
,oit (/!) %.34%"10#4
,no6! nu,r (,) 17%.84 4%0.4%
u!!,t6! nu,r (u) 51.04 21.44
('/2.K) 2.214 434.11
r, (2) 84.82 3.02
Pr,!!ur, (r) 5.5 9
ouing ftor (2 °C '#1) 0.00021 0.0005
:ffii,n; < (=) 31=
8/17/2019 Slide Presentation HEX
9/26
)'-I9. :# #',T ';C#,.9'<
C,LCUL,TI:. :7 #',T ';C#,.9'< 7ssume temperature of (+Oout is 8"c/alculate the ener$y by usin$ this formula in the table9 consist of 2ater.
: ; m/p5
8/17/2019 Slide Presentation HEX
10/26
)'-I9. :# #',T ';C#,.9'<
7inding the LTM)
1 ; Thin - Tcout> ; 51+ C +?!A6- 5,% C +?!A6
;!* A
+ ; Thout - Tcin>
; 51"1.,% C +?!A6 5+ C +?!A6 ;?*.,% A
> > > ; 5,! ,?.86= ln 5,!=,?.86
8/17/2019 Slide Presentation HEX
11/26
)'-I9. :# #',T ';C#,.9'<i& ,rea of tu+e
7 ; Dtube 5 #6
; * 5 > "."+m > , m6
; !."+ m+
ii& #eat flo? rate
: ; m /p %.,++ > 1"-!m=s
; "."1?* m=s
"."1?* > "."+=".?+">1"-!
; 8*".8*
8/17/2019 Slide Presentation HEX
12/26
)'-I9. :# #',T ';C#,.9'<
)6 T a)$ ; 5+ C86=+
; !"c
3r 5prandtl Dumber6 at !"c from 2ater properties table9
3r ; 8.,!
)i6
Du ; +1.88
5/48/5
4/13/2
3/12/1
))282000
Re(1(
])Pr
4.0(1[
Pr Re62.03.0 +
+
+= x Nu
5/48/5
4/13/2
3/12/1
))282000
46.460(1(
])83.4
4.0(1[
)83.4()46.460(6.03.0 +
+
+= x Nu
8/17/2019 Slide Presentation HEX
13/26
)'-I9. :# #',T ';C#,.9'<
Before loo'in$ to2ards the $raph of correction factor 5 F 6 9 2e calculateH-
R; 1.,
3 ; ".*
inout
out in
Twater Twater
toil Toil R
−
−=
2545
89125
−
−= R
inout
out in
Twater Twater
toil Toil P
−
−=
89125
2545
−
−
= P
8/17/2019 Slide Presentation HEX
14/26
)'-I9. :# #',T ';C#,.9'<
From the $raph of correction
factor 5F6
/orrection Factor9 F; ".*
Du ; F.>Du 2ater
; ".* > +1.88
;1!.%!*
Du ; ho=' h ; Du.'=
( ; 1!.%!*> ".*+!="."+
; 8!8.11 2=m+'
8/17/2019 Slide Presentation HEX
15/26
)'-I9. :# #',T ';C#,.9'<
i& ,rea of shell
7; #; 5!."m65%."m6
; ,8.,+ m+
ii& #eat flo? rate
: ; m/p +.+'@='$.A > 5
8/17/2019 Slide Presentation HEX
16/26
)'-I9. :# #',T ';C#,.9'<
5/48/5
4/13/2
3/12/1
))282000
Re
(1(])
Pr
4.0(1[
Pr Re62.0
3.0 ++
+= x Nu
5/48/5
4/13/2
3/12/1
))282000
84.176(1(
])230
4.0(1[
)230()84.176(62.03.0 +
+
+= x Nu
Du ; 1."8
Du ; h1
A
h1 ; Du.'=; 1."85".1!*6=!."
; +.+18 2='
8/17/2019 Slide Presentation HEX
17/26
)'-I9. :# #',T ';C#,.9'<
)0005.000021.0(11.434
1
214.2
1
1
+++
=U
U ; +.1%% 2=m+'
,rea of heat e(changer
: ; U7
8/17/2019 Slide Presentation HEX
18/26
)'-I9. :# #',T ';C#,.9'<
'ffectiveness
/c ; mc /pc ; 5+,658.1?,6
; 11*.%,8 '@=A.s
/h ; mh /ph
; 5865+.+6 ; 1"1.+ '@='s
/c; /ma>/h; /min
/ ; /min =/ma>; 1"1.+= 11*.%,8
; ".,?
8/17/2019 Slide Presentation HEX
19/26
)'-I9. :# #',T ';C#,.9'<
DTU ; U7s= /min
; 5+.1%%651%.?6=1"1.+
; ".8!
; ".!1> 1""K
; !1 K
)1(exp(,1)1(exp(1c NTU cc NTU ess Effectiven−−−
−−−=
)87.01(43.0exp(87.01
)87.01(43.0exp(1
−−−
−−−
=ess Effectiven
8/17/2019 Slide Presentation HEX
20/26
P
8/17/2019 Slide Presentation HEX
21/26
P
8/17/2019 Slide Presentation HEX
22/26
Pchan$er usually operates correctly if the)alue of U re4uired 5Ba$i @.S etc9 +"1+6.
/ustomers usually li'e a product that 2or's for them in a lon$period.
8/17/2019 Slide Presentation HEX
23/26
Pchan$er is used e>tensi)ely in )arious industrial applications totransfer heat from one medium to another.
The salient features include resistance from heat9 rust and corrosion9 hi$hperformance9 sturdy construction and durability.
urability is closely related to 2arranty.
The outer shell is made from durable9 hi$h stren$th metal9 haMard probabilitythat is stainless steel. Inner tubes re4uire an affecti)e combination of durability9 corrosion
resistance9 more foulin$9 hi$h pressure and thermal conducti)ity. The material used in de)elopin$ of tubes is nic'el alloy.
8/17/2019 Slide Presentation HEX
24/26
C:-T '-TIM,TI:.
7or shell Stainsless steels
222.braMete'.com=shell-tube-heat-
e>chan$ers
The price for the diameter !m and +m lon$ is
about R&*?.%8
Total price is H
%m > R&*?.%8=+m ; R&+.?!
8/17/2019 Slide Presentation HEX
25/26
C:-T '-TIM,TI:.
7or tu+e Dic'el alloy
222.onlinemetals.com
The price for the diameter "."+m and !m lon$is about R&?8.+
Total price is H * tube > ,m R&?8.+=!m ;
R&1+9?+.!+
8/17/2019 Slide Presentation HEX
26/26
chan$ersH Selection9 Ratin$and Thermal esi$n 5+nd Edition ed.6. /R/ 3ress. ISBD "-,8%!-"%"+-*.
Saunders9 E. 7. 51%,,6. (eat E>chan$esH Selection9 esi$n and/onstruction. De2 or'H #on$man Scientific and Technical.
3erry9 Robert (. and Preen9 on 0. 51%,86. 3erryQs /hemical En$ineersQ
(andboo' 5*th Edition ed.6. &cPra2-(ill.
II.InternethttpH==222.thomasnet.com=articles=process-e4uipment=heat-e>chan$er-
desi$n= 7ccessed on + &ay +"1.
httpH==222.lytron.com=Tools-and-Technical-Reference=7pplication-
Dotes=0hat-is-a-(eat-E>chan$er. 7ccessed on 1 &ay +"1.httpH==222.chemstations.com=content=documents=technicalarticles=shell.pdf.
7ccessed on 18 &ay +"1