Post on 02-Jan-2016
Slavery Divides a
Nation
Setting the Scene…
• Year – 1820• President – James Monroe• Thomas Jefferson voices his opinion of slavery. • 11 free states• 11 slave states
Who was Henry Clay?
Maine = Free Missouri = Slave
12 free states and 12 slave states
Wilmot Proviso
David Wilmot
Banned slavery in territories won from Mexico.
Popular Sovereignty – right for people to create their own
government.
Free-Soil Party• New political party
• Keep slavery out of the Western territories.
• Martin Van Buren ran for a second term. (He lost!)
Setting the Scene…Tempers flare in Congress.
Benton vs. Foote
The reason: California
California’s Impact…
• Cali wanted to enter as a free state.• 15 free states & 15 slave states• Oregon, Utah, and New Mexico would
follow.• South might secede.• Clay vs. Calhoun• Fugitive slaves must be returned.• Webster wants to avoid a Civil War.
What did it accomplish?
• Admits California as a free state.• Bans slave trade in Washington, DC.• Fugitive Slave Act• Upholds popular sovereignty in New
Mexico and Utah.• Settles Texas/New Mexico border
dispute.
UNCLE TOM’S CABIN
• Harriet Beecher Stowe• Popular in the North• Objected in the South• History
Setting the Scene…
Did the Compromise of 1850 end the debate over slavery?
NO!!!The battle over Kansas.
The Kansas-Nebraska Act
• Divided Nebraska and Kansas• Each had the right to decide
about slavery(popular sovereignty)• Supported by the South &
President Pierce• North didn’t like it!
Kansas is Bleeding…
• Proslavery vs. Antislavery• Border Ruffians vote illegally• Two governments in Kansas• John Brown at Pottawatomie Creek
Violence in the Senate(again)!
Sumner vs. ButlerPreston to the rescue!
Dred Scott v. Sandford
• Supreme Court decided slaves were not citizens.
• Congress didn’t have power to outlaw slavery in any territory.
• Missouri Compromise – unconstitutional.• Reaction was mixed.
The Republican Party
• Formed by Free-Soilers and Northern Democrats.
• Keep slavery out of West and end it in the South.
• John C. Fremont – first presidential candidate.
• Republicans are here to stay.
ABE LINCOLN ARRIVES…
• Born in Kentucky• Moved to Illinois and opened a store.• Honest, witty, plain-spoken, well-
liked
Lincoln-Douglas Debates
John Brown's Raid
• 1859• Harpers Ferry, Virginia• Accused of treason and hung to death.• Martyr ?
Election of 1860Republican – Abe LincolnNorth Democrats – Stephen DouglasSouth Democrats – John BreckinridgeConstitutional Union – John Bell
How they voted…
Lincoln Wins!
The South Reacts…
• South Carolina secedes on December 20, 1860.
• Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas followed in February.
• Seven states form a new nation called the Confederate States of America.
• Jefferson Davis is named the first president.
The Civil War Begins…
• Confederate forces opened fire on Fort Sumter in South Carolina.
• Major Robert Anderson surrendered to the Confederates on April 13, 1861.
• The Civil War has begun…