Native AmericansNative Americans

History in the United StatesHistory in the United States

Who lived on the American Who lived on the American continents first?continents first?

http://www.crowcanyon.org/EducationProducts/peoples_mesa_verde/images/paleoindian_migration_map.jpghttp://www.crowcanyon.org/EducationProducts/peoples_mesa_verde/images/paleoindian_migration_map.jpg

The Incas, Mayans, and Aztecs were were in The Incas, Mayans, and Aztecs were were in Central America and South America.Central America and South America.

(Later, we will learn about (Later, we will learn about different Native American different Native American

groups, tribes, and cultures groups, tribes, and cultures in the United States). in the United States).

These people have lived in the These people have lived in the Americas for Americas for at leastat least 16,000 16,000

years!years!

(Possibly as many as 40,000 (Possibly as many as 40,000 years).years).

In the United States, we use In the United States, we use the term “Native Americans” the term “Native Americans”

now.now.We don’t normally say We don’t normally say

“Indians.” These people and “Indians.” These people and their culture are not Indian!their culture are not Indian!

So who was here first?So who was here first?

THEY were, of course!THEY were, of course!

Later, Later,

the Scandinavians the Scandinavians discovered the discovered the existence of North existence of North America. They America. They found Canada and found Canada and began to settle began to settle there.there.

And there might have And there might have been others before been others before them!them!

http://voices.yahoo.com/who-discovered-america-not-christopher-columbus-thats-4638011.html?cat=37

Leif Ericson, a Viking. (He discovered America before Columbus).

The Portuguese also traveled The Portuguese also traveled to the “New World” before to the “New World” before

Christopher Columbus!Christopher Columbus!

Christopher ColumbusChristopher Columbus ““In 1492, In 1492,

Columbus sailed Columbus sailed the ocean blue.”the ocean blue.”

Columbus visited Columbus visited the Americas 4 the Americas 4 times. times.

He landed on He landed on islands in the islands in the Caribbean like Caribbean like Hispaniola, Cuba Hispaniola, Cuba and the Bahamas.and the Bahamas.

The Arribada in The Arribada in Baiona Baiona celebrates celebrates Columbus’ Columbus’ return from return from his first his first voyage! voyage!

The Pinta was the first ship to return (in Baiona on March 1st).

Columbus actually returned on the Nina in Lisbon (on March 4th).

"Columbus's claim to fame "Columbus's claim to fame isn't that he got there first, it's isn't that he got there first, it's

that he stayed." that he stayed."

Dugard, Martin. The Last Voyage of Columbus. Little, Brown and Company: New York, 2005.

However, However,

Columbus is not always seen in a positive Columbus is not always seen in a positive light. light.

After contact with the Europeans, the After contact with the Europeans, the Native American population suffered Native American population suffered severely due to disease and severely due to disease and enslavement. enslavement.

They were not always treated with They were not always treated with respect and this set the stage for the respect and this set the stage for the future. future.

Jamestown (1607)Jamestown (1607)

This was the first English settlement in This was the first English settlement in America.America.

When English settlers arrived in When English settlers arrived in Jamestown, Virginia, they were friendly Jamestown, Virginia, they were friendly with the Native Americans there. with the Native Americans there.

But later (1610), fighting broke out But later (1610), fighting broke out between the settlers and the tribes. between the settlers and the tribes.

Many people were killed on both sides. Many people were killed on both sides.

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The PilgrimsThe Pilgrims

The Pilgrims arrived in Plymouth, The Pilgrims arrived in Plymouth, Massachusetts in 1621. Massachusetts in 1621.

They were able to get along with the They were able to get along with the native Wampanoag people peacefully. native Wampanoag people peacefully.

They taught the English Pilgrims how They taught the English Pilgrims how to survive and grow food and hunt. to survive and grow food and hunt.

Unfortunately, many Wampanoag still Unfortunately, many Wampanoag still died of disease. died of disease.

This is where the idea of Thanksgiving Day and a traditional American Thanksgiving dinner comes from.

The Trail of Tears (1830s)The Trail of Tears (1830s) The US government The US government

forced native tribes forced native tribes to leave their homes to leave their homes and move to new and move to new places in the West. places in the West.

Many people died. Many people died. They were forced to They were forced to

walk very far and walk very far and live in new places live in new places where they could where they could not easily survive not easily survive and did not know and did not know how.how.

Inaccurate RepresentationsInaccurate RepresentationsThere are many There are many

different tribes and different tribes and stories and their stories and their cultures can be cultures can be very different. very different.

Sometimes Native Sometimes Native Americans are Americans are portrayed in a portrayed in a negative light or as negative light or as very violent. This is very violent. This is not always true!not always true!

ReservationsReservations In the United States now, many native In the United States now, many native

Americans live in places called Americans live in places called “reservations.”“reservations.”

We will learn more about these places We will learn more about these places later. later.

My sister, Molly, lived on a reservation My sister, Molly, lived on a reservation with a tribe called the Utes and she is with a tribe called the Utes and she is sending me pictures to show you so sending me pictures to show you so that we can learn about their culture! that we can learn about their culture!

My sister, Molly, who will send the pictures.