Post on 15-Dec-2015
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
HEALTHY LUNG VS. SMOKERS LUNG
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yskYG-EVlBY
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yIURbmJZxIg
UPPER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Internal Nares- Allows air to enter the nose and pass through into the nasal cavity
UPPER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Nasopharynx- upper most part of the pharynx; passage way for air
UPPER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Eustachian Tubes- links pharynx to middle ear; pressure equalization, mucus drainage
UPPER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Hard Palate- roof of the mouth; speech production
UPPER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Soft Palate- does not contain bone
• located at the back of the mouth
• speech production, separates nasal cavity and oral cavity when swallowing
UPPER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Palatine Tonsil- left and right side of the back of the throat; provides defense against pathogens
UPPER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Oropharynx- below soft palate and below epiglottis; passage way for air and food
UPPER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Epiglottis- flap structure that allows air to enter the trachea
UPPER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Glottis- slit of the epiglottis, space between vocal chords; adds buzzing quality to speech
Glottis
UPPER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Vocal Folds• Production of
sounds used for speech• Regulate flow of air
into lungs
UPPER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Laryngopharynx- lower part of pharynx; passage of air and food
UPPER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Trachea- ciliated mucus membrane; filters air and traps particles
UPPER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Nasal Conchae• Increase Surface
area for filtration of air• Warms and
moistens air
UPPER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Nasal Vestibule• Beginning of nasal
passage• Hair helps to capture
large particles
UPPER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Oral Cavity- mouth• Lining of the mouth
and saliva glands aid provide lubrication• Aids in speech,
swallowing, and digestion of food
UPPER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Tongue- aids in speech and in swallowing to cover up epiglottis when you swallow
UPPER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Thyroid Cartilage- Adam’s Apple• Protection and
support for the vocal folds
UPPER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Cricoid Cartilage• Connection for ligaments, cartilage, and muscles• Facilitates opening and shutting of air passage• Production of sound
LOWER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Larynx• Between the
pharynx and trachea• Houses the vocal
folds• A passageway for
air moving in and out of the trachea
LOWER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Parietal Pleura• Lines the inner wall
of the chest• Covers the
diaphragm • Lubrication- serous
fluid
LOWER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Visceral Pleura• Membrane on the
lung• Easy movement of
lungs within chest wall
LOWER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Alveolar Sac• Cluster of alveoli
located at the end of each alveolar duct• Contain alveoli
LOWER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Alveolar Duct• Connects
bronchioles to alveolar sacs
LOWER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Alveolus• Site of gas
exchange with blood• Secrete Surfactant
LOWER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Diaphragm• Muscle that
separates thoracic cavity from abdominal cavity• Performs an
important function in respiration
LOWER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Tracheal Cartilage• Shape and support
trachea• Ring Shaped- 16 to
20
LOWER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Apex of Lung• Rounded upper portion of the lung
LOWER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Mediastinum• Divides thoracic
cavity into two pleural cavities
LOWER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Left Primary Bronchus• Main passageway
into the lungs
LOWER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Lower Terminal Bronchioles• End of the
conduction zone • Transitions to the
respiratory zone
LOWER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Conduction Zone• Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi,
bronchioles, and terminal bronchioles
• Respiratory Zone• Site of gas exchange; CO2 and O2
LOWER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Carina• Bottom of trachea;
splits into primary bronchus• Mucus membrane
is sensitive and triggers cough reflex
LOWER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Secondary Bronchi (120)• Branches off of the
primary bronchi
• Tertiary Bronchi (121)• Branches off of the
tertiary bronchi• Splits into
bronchioles
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
1. _____________ provides an opening for air to enter and leave the nasal cavity.
2. List the three ways in which the upper respiratory system filters the air before it reaches the lungs.
3. Describe the function of the epiglottis.
4. The _____________ are the primary site for gas exchange.
5. Explain the difference between the conduction zone and the respiratory zone.
6. Describe the function of the diaphragm.