Post on 26-May-2020
ABEP-UK 2015-2016
President Armando M.B. de CASTRO Vice-President Valdir ERMIDA Executive Director Tatiana MARTINEZ Finance Director Vitor MORENO Project Director Billy GRAEFF Project Director Geraldo Marques de OLIVEIRA
www.abep.org.uk
contato@abep.org.uk
VIII ABEP-UK CONFERENCE COLLABORATORS
coordination & chairmanship Armando M. B. de CASTRO & Vitor MORENO scientific committee & co-chairmanship Valdir ERMIDA & Billy GRAEFF publicity & promotion & website Lucas G. S. FRANCA & Tatiana MARTINEZ graphical design & edition Vanissa WANICK photography Sergio ESPERANCINHA volunteers Thomas HERMANN
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
China’s Central-Local Relations And The Developmental State ........................... 7
Exercise Training As Heart Failure Treatment – Basic Mechanisms Underlying Modulation .................................................................................................................. 10
Stonecrabs Tieta - From The Iconic 800-Page Novel To A Dark Comic Play Using Music, Storytelling And Breaking-Form Theatre ....................................... 12
Porous Degradable Polymer Microspheres For Drug Delivery ........................... 14
Cuidado Integral Às Pessoas Com Doença Falciforme No Brasil E Inglaterra: Potencialidades E Desafios Aos Sistemas De Saúde .......................................... 16
Predicting Virus-Host Interactions Using .............................................................. 18
Evolutionary And Structural Approaches .............................................................. 18
Effects Of Stress On Cognitive Function ............................................................... 20
A Contribution To The Design Of Learning In Massive Open Online Courses . 23
Climate Warming, N-Fertilisation And Above-Ground Biomass Removal Interact To Affect C And N Cycling And Ghg Emissions From Temperate Grassland Soil............................................................................................................ 25
The Influence Of Menstrual Cycle Phase On Flexibility And Jump Performance In Dancers: Interactions With Mtu Structural And Functional Characteristics . 27
Currency Hierarchy And Internationalisation: Determinants And Implications For Monetary Policy In Brazil ................................................................................... 30
Pelé, Romário And Ronaldo: The 2014 Fifa World Cup And The Social Trajectory Of Former Brazilian Football Stars....................................................... 33
Representation And Integration: The Logic Of Regional Parliaments Around The World ................................................................................................................... 38
Vinasse Application And Cessation Of Burning In Sugarcane Management Can Have Positive Impact On Soil Carbon Stocks ....................................................... 41
O Sample Como Enunciação Ideológica No Discurso Da Canção De Periferia 43
Microfossils and how they put fuel in your car ..................................................... 45
New Approaches To Develop Novel Leptospirosis Vaccines ............................. 47
Multilayer Membranes For Intermediate Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells At Low Humidity .............................................................................................. 49
The Geographies Of Academic Conferences On Regional Development In Brazil, 1986-2013 ........................................................................................................ 51
Calvarial osteogenesis at the neural-crest mesoderm interface ........................ 53
A Brazilian Writer In The War: Antonio Callado’s English Years During The Second World War..................................................................................................... 55
Literature Review: The Most Common Metastasis Mechanisms ........................ 57
The untold story of financial exclusion in Brazil: a realist approach to the origins and determinants of financial practices in low income communities. . 63
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Carbon Capture Process Via Adsorption Technology ......................................... 65
Food Waste Valorization: Drivers & Opportunities ............................................... 67
Domination Strategies In Struggles Over Mega-Events’ Development Projects: The Rio De Janeiro And The Johannesburg Cases .............................................. 69
Is Brazil’s Research Up-To-Date? Evolution Of Country Image Studies ........... 71
Rural Geography And Globalization: Building A Theoretical Approach From Brazil In The Contemporary World .......................................................................... 74
Chemical Analysis Of Trace Elements In Yerba Mate .......................................... 76
Towards A Dance Highlighted By Shadow And Darkness .................................. 77
Dançando Com A Própria Sombra .......................................................................... 80
The Natural Threat Of Uranium In Outcrop Rocks: The Case Of São José De Espinharas - Hinterland Of The Porto De Suape/Brazil ........................................ 82
A Feasibility Study Of A Group-Based Model To Deliver Postnatal Care In Socially Disadvantaged Communities .................................................................... 84
Investigating the effects of pharmacological blockade of PPAR-α and PPAR-β/δ on formalin-evoked nociceptive behaviour, fear-conditioned analgesia and conditioned fear in the presence of nociceptive tone in rats. ............................. 87
Addressing Food Security In A Changed Climate By Understanding Wheat Yield Improvement .................................................................................................... 89
Uso Do Discurso Do Sujeito Coletivo Como Ferramenta De Análise Em Pesquisas Acerca Da Psicodinâmica Do Trabalho ............................................... 91
Martim Goncalves – Bridges And Networks Between Brazil And Uk In The Following Ii World War .............................................................................................. 93
Race And Colour Shaping "Otherness": The Voice Of Migrants Black Brazilian Women In The Uk ...................................................................................................... 95
Universal Church and Domestic Violence Services in Brazil: The Fight over ‘Gender’ and Implications for Victims of Violence and Brazilian Secularism ... 97
Exploring bondaries in many-particle quantum systems .................................... 99
Academic Vocabulary: An Analysis Of How Brazilian Students Write Academic English ...................................................................................................................... 101
Evaluation Of Long-Term Function In Animals After Distal Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion ...................................................................................................... 103
Small Farmers And Land Concentration: Perspectives And Law .................... 105
eSports and Olympic Games: situational analysis of Rio 2016 case study .... 108
Sports Mega-events and Tourism Destination Image of Brazil: Foreigners’ Intentions to Attend the 2016 Olympic Games .................................................... 110
Sports Mega-events and Advergames: an analysis of Mario and Sonic in Rio 2016 Olympic Games .............................................................................................. 112
The Understanding Of Critical Thinking Trough’s Construction Under The Use Of Digital Technology Devices: A Theory Proposed By Cybernetics Science 114
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Ferdinand Rebay’s Chamber Sonatas: Context, Analysis, Performance And Reception.................................................................................................................. 116
Estudo Comparativo De Sais Do Neurotransmissor Tiramina .......................... 118
Vitamin D Supplementation In Brazilian Women Living In Opposite Latitudes (The D-Sol Study) .................................................................................................... 121
Climate And Carbon Cycle Dynamics In The Eocene-Oligocene Boundary Based On Palynological Analyses From Mississippi, Gulf Coast Plain .......... 123
Habitat Use, Environmental Drivers and Connectivity of fishes among nearshore habitats .................................................................................................. 125
Sustainable Epoxy Resins For Maritime Application: Project Overview And Preliminary Results ................................................................................................. 128
Differentially expressed genes in high grade ovarian serous carcinoma of responsive and non-responsive patients to chemotherapy .............................. 131
Interaction Between Cognitive Ability, Energetics And Personality In Hermit Crab ........................................................................................................................... 133
Obesity: Is This Global Epidemic Also Leading To Cancer? ............................ 135
Eural Correlates Of Number Processing In Infants And Children Born Very Preterm ..................................................................................................................... 137
Minimum Shielding Gas Flow Rate Analysis In Gmaw Process ....................... 139
Development, Reliability And Validity Of The Self-Regulation Of Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (Srebq) For Adults ...................................................... 141
From London 2012 To Rio 2016: Sport And Physical Activity Promotion And The Olympic Games ................................................................................................ 143
Poster presentation: ............................................................................................... 145
Name of the author(s)/Institution: ......................................................................... 145
Individual Acceptability Of Positive Incentives For Sustainable Mobility Behaviour: A Segmentation Approach In Curitiba, Brazil ................................. 147
The Role Of Forensic Toxicology: A Focus On The Nbome Drugs And Novel Extraction Methods ................................................................................................. 151
Development of nano-in-micro dry powder formulations for pulmonary delivery using a supercritical fluid technology .................................................................. 153
Neuroinflammation In The Thalamus: Could It Point To Central Post Stroke Pain? ......................................................................................................................... 155
James Joyce And The Presence Of Milton .......................................................... 158
Developing Novel Sustainable Functional Food Ingredients ............................ 160
Demonology And Evil Beings From Ancient Times: Investigating The Dead Sea Scrolls ....................................................................................................................... 163
Circulating Tumour Cells: A Multifunctional Biomarker .................................... 165
Análises Espaço E Espaço-Temporal Dos Casos Novos De Hanseníase No Estado Do Paraná .................................................................................................... 169
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Tradition and technology: Mapping shifting cartographies of Afro-Brazilian memory and heritage in Rio de Janeiro’s port region ........................................ 171
Development of a novel biological approach for dentine repair ....................... 173
Analysis Of Pharmaceuticals Toxicological Effects On Algae.......................... 174
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CHINA’S CENTRAL-LOCAL RELATIONS AND THE
DEVELOPMENTAL STATE
Alexandre De Podestá Gomes
PhD Candidate in Economics, School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), University of London alexdpg@gmail.com
Abstract: According to some accounts, the Chinese economic growth since the early 1980s
could be framed through the lenses of the Developmental State theory and the East Asian
Model. In this sense, China would be one more country following the strategy successfully
devised by the post-war Japan and emulated by other East Asian countries. Nevertheless,
when looking at the Chinese experience, many caveats arise. The impressive Chinese
record on economic growth in the last three decades has been accompanied by an
embracement of ‘globalization’ and also by devolution of power towards local governments.
Albeit the Chinese national state remains a dominant agent in decision-making, especially
when it comes to industrial (technological) upgrading, the ‘policy space’ has re-scaled to
both the global level (multinational corporations play an important role on China’s economy)
and to the local level. Therefore, we must assess the issue of the central government state
capabilities and the corporate coherence of the national bureaucracy. If the party-state is
able to oversight/monitor local cadres and discipline rent-recipients (economic rents created
by the state’s industrial policies), policy implementation, as envisaged by the central level,
can occur with minor deviations. If not, rent-seeking behaviour and corruption are likely to
become widespread, thwarting the state’s ability to steer national (industrial) projects of
accumulation. In this sense, the analyses of the so-called central-local relations deserve a
fundamental place in studying the case of China as a developmental state.
Keywords: Central-Local Relations, Chinese Economy, Developmental State, Rent-Seeking, Industrial
Policies
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
References:
Amsden, A. (2009) “Firm Ownership, FOE’s and POE’s”. United Nations University, UNU-
WIDER. Research Paper No. 2009/46. November 2009.
Amsden, A. & Chu, W. (2003) “Beyond Late Development: Taiwan’s Upgrading Policies”.
The MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Aoki, M. (1990) “Toward an Economic Model of the Japanese Firm”, Journal of Economic
Literature, 1990, vol.28 (1), March 1990, pp.1-27;
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Baek, Seung-Wook (2005) “Does China Follow "the East Asian Development Model"?
Journal of Contemporary Asia; 2005; 35, 4; pg. 485 – 498
Beeson, Mark (2009) “Developmental States in East Asia: A Comparison of the Japanese
and Chinese Experiences”. Asian Perspective, Vol.33, No.2, 2009, Pg. 5-39.
Bolesta, A. (2007) “China as a Developmental State”. Montenegrin Journal of Economics
Nº5, pg. 105 – 111
Breslin (2012) “Government-Industry Relations in China: A Review of the Art of the State”
(Chapter 2). In: Walter, A. & Zhang, Xiaoke “East Asian Capitalism” (2012).
Caldeira, Emilie (2012) “Yardstick Competition in a Federation: theory and evidence from
China”. China Economic Review (December 2012)
Cao, C., Parker, R., Appelbaum, R. (2011) “Developmental State and Innovation:
Nanotechnology in China” Global Networks, 11, 3 (2011) 298–314
Cumings, B. (1999) “Web with no Spiders, Spiders with no Webs: The Genealogy of the
Developmental State” In: The Developmental State
Chang, H.J. (1999) “The Economic Theory of the Developmental State” In: The
Developmental State
Chang, H.J (2006) “The East Asian Development Experience: The Miracle, the Crisis and
the Future”. Zed Books Ltd., New York, NY.
Edin, Maria (2003) “State Capacity and Local Agent Control in China: CCP Cadre
Management from a Township perspective”. The China Quarterly, No. 173 (Mar., 2003), pp.
35-52
Evans, P. (1989) “Predatory, Developmental and other Apparatuses: A Comparative
Analysis of the Third World State”. Sociological Forum. Vol.4, No. 4, 1989
Fine, B. (2013) “Beyond the Developmental State: An Introduction” In: Fine, Saraswati &
Tavasci (Eds) “Beyond the Developmental State”. Pluto Press, London.
Gerlach, Michael (1989) “Keiretsu Organization in the Japanese Economy: Analysis and
Trade Implication” In: Johnson, C., Tyson, L., & Zysman, J. (Eds) “Politics and Productivity:
How Japan’s Development Strategy Works”. Ballinger Publishing Company.
Howell, J. (2006) “Reflections on the Chinese State”. Development and Change, 37 (2): 273-
297
Johnson, C. (1982) “MITI and the Japanese Miracle”. Stanford University Press.
Johnson, C. (1995) “Japan: Who Governs? The Rise of the Developmental State”
Johnson, C. (1999) “The Developmental State: Odyssey of a Concept” In: The
Developmental State
Kay, Cristobal (2002), ‘Why East Asia overtook Latin America: Agrarian Reform,
Industrialisation and Development’, Third World Quarterly, vol 23 (6), pp. 1073-1102
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Lin, J., Hahn, D., Lee, K. (2002) “Is China Following the East Asian Model? A ‘Comparative
Institutional Analysis’ Perspective”. The China Review, Vol. 2, No. 1 (Spring 2002), 85-120
Lazonick, W. (2004) “Indigenous Innovation and Economic Development: Lessons from
China’s Leap into the Information Age”, Industry and Innovation, 11:4, 273-297
Lo, Dic (2003) “China, the ‘East Asian Model’ and Late Development”. Department of
Economics Working Papers No.131. School of Oriental and African Studies, University of
London.
Lo, D. & Wu, M. (2014) ‘The state and industrial policy in Chinese economic development’,
in J.M. Salazar-Xirinachs, I. Nübler, and R. Kozul-Wright eds. Transforming Economies:
Making Industrial Policy Work for Growth, Jobs and Development, Geneva, International
Labour Office
Nolan, Peter (2004) “China at the Crossroads”. Polity Press and Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Pirie (2013) “Globalization and the Decline of the Developmental State”, In Fine, B.,
Saraswati, J. and Tavasci, D. eds. Beyond the Developmental State, Pluto Press
Poon, D. (2012) “China's move up the value chain: Implications for Canada”,
Canadian Foreign Policy Journal, 18:3, 319-339
Wade, Robert (1990) “Governing the Market”. Princeton: Princeton University Press
Wade, Robert (2005) “Bringing the State Back In: Lessons from East Asia’s Development
Experience”. IPG, 2005
White, Gordon (1993) “Riding the Tiger: The Politics of Economic Reform in Post-Mao
China”. Stanford University Press. Stanford, California.
Woo-Cumings, M. (1999) “Introduction – Chalmers Johnson and the Politics of Nationalism
and Development” In: The Developmental State
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EXERCISE TRAINING AS HEART FAILURE TREATMENT – BASIC
MECHANISMS UNDERLYING MODULATION
Aline R. Bezerra Gurgel, Michael Dunne, Godfrey Smith, Ole Kemi.
Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences. College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, West Medical Building - University of Glasgow G12 8QQ a.bezerra-gurgel.1@research.gla.ac.uk
Abstract: Heart failure (HF) is a complex syndrome resulting from the inability of the cardiac
pump to satisfy the energy requirements of the body. Projections show that the global
prevalence of HF will increase 46% between 2012 and 2030, resulting in more than 8 million
individuals above the age of 18 years with HF. This syndrome is the outstanding cause of
hospitalization in South America and considering the Brazilian scenario, the DATA-SUS
records illustrate that in 2012 there were 26,694 deaths in Brazil as a result of HF. Among
1.137.572 admissions related to circulatory diseases in that same year, around 21% were
associated to HF.
The failing heart induces neurohormonal activation that alters cardiac and skeletal muscle
function and morphology, leading to a clinical state of generalized metabolic myopathy,
exertional fatigue and energetic collapse. In this way, patients with HF can experience
diminished exercise tolerance, worsening in health and well-being, which contributes to
reduced quality of life.
Exercise training is emerging as an important intervention in the HF treatment, since it
reduces the incidence morbidity and mortality in patients on optimal pharmacological
therapy. In this study, we explore the underlying causes of improvement following exercise
training after onset of myocardial infarction-induced HF. Controlled chronic high-intensity
aerobic treadmill running or untrained control was administered 4 weeks after induction of
coronary artery ligation resulting in myocardial infarction and subsequent HF in rats. This
previously established intensity-controlled treadmill exercise protocols mimic human
adaptations.
Exercise training showed to increase aerobic capacity and cardiac activity by ameliorating
autonomic mechanisms and so, unloading the heart through vascular and skeletal muscle
improvements. Exercise training showed to be capable to improve global heart function,
restore exercise and ventilatory capacity, and partly reverse the classical cellular alterations
observed in failing hearts. In this perspective, to integrate exercising training programs in the
management of HF patients with acceptable inclusion criteria, can be a secure and non-
costly approach, since its effects on clinical manifestations and quality of life showed to
benefit cardiac and skeletal muscle functions.
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Keywords: Cardiac muscle, Exercise training, Heart Failure, Skeletal muscle.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
References:
BREATHE. Racionalidade e métodos: estudo BREATHE - I registro brasileiro de
insuficiência cardíaca. Arq. Bras. Cardiol. [online]. 2013, vol.100, n.5 pp.390-394. Available
from:
<http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0066782X2013000500001&lng=en
&nrm=iso>. ISSN 0066-782X. http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/abc.20130093.
Kemi OJ, Hoydal MA, Haram PM, et al. Exercise training restores aerobic capacity and
energy transfer systems in heart failure treated with losartan. Cardiovasc Res 2007;76:91-99
Wisloff U, Loennechen JP, Currie S, et al. Aerobic exercise reduces cardiomyocyte
hypertrophy and increases contractility, Ca2+ sensitivity, and SERCA2 in rat after
myocardial infarction. Cardiovasc Res 2002;54:162-174
Stoylen A, Conraads V, Halle M, et al. Controlled study of myocardial recovery after interval
training in heart failure: Smartex-hf–rationale and design. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2012; 19: 813–
821.
van Tol BA, Huijsmans RJ, Kroon DW, et al. Effects of exercise training on cardiac
performance, exercise capacity and quality of life in patients with heart failure: a meta-
analysis. Eur J Heart Fail 2006;8:841-850
Kemi OJ, Haram PM, Loennechen JP, et al. Moderate vs. high exercise intensity: differential
effects on aerobic fitness, cardiomyocyte contractility, and endothelial function. Cardiovasc
Res 2005;67:161-172
Rognmo O, Hetland E, Helgerud J, et al. High intensity aerobic interval exercise is superior
to moderate intensity exercise for increasing aerobic capacity in patients with coronary artery
disease. Eur J cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 2004;11:216-222
Ventura-Clapier R. Exercise training, energy metabolism, and heart failure. Appl. Physiol.
Nutr. Metab 2009;34:336–339.
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STONECRABS TIETA - FROM THE ICONIC 800-PAGE NOVEL TO A
DARK COMIC PLAY USING MUSIC, STORYTELLING AND
BREAKING-FORM THEATRE
Almiro Andrade
King’s College London almiro.andrade@kcl.ac.uk
Abstract: The collaborative process exposes one directly to the ‘otherness’, to the look of
another towards their own work, which constitutes the main purpose of theatre. Pavis
acknowledges the phenomenon of translating for the stage as going beyond the interlingual
translation of a dramatic text, paying close attention to its intended audience and its rhythm
or aural competence to interpret the mise-en-scène being translated.
On the other hand, Bassnett believes that the theatre translator is asked to accomplish the
impossible - to treat a text written for the stage as if it were a literary text - proposing as a
strategy for that something she calls the “co-operative translation” – when the translator
works with an artistic team who can provide input to the translation of the text, working
towards a production.
This paper intends to analyse the process of adaptation and translation of Tieta by
StoneCrabs artistic director Franko Figueiredo, where I worked as a dramaturge, translating
a 800-page novel for stage/on stage, and what losses and gains are involved in dramaturgic
translation where a devising performance process with the aid of actors is employed and to
what extent this process generates different approaches and solutions to the challenges of
cultural translation.
The approaches explored see translation as the core of any devising process, as each and
every step of a stage play - from the words written or agreed by cast as script to the
performance moment observed by its intended audience members - is an act of translation,
a reconfiguration of specific and diffuse senses of culture.
The practice of storytelling and the actor-audience relationship took centre stage at this
Research & Development process. The 'Narrator' emerged as a critical part of the script. We
explored ways of interacting with the audience, using all four cast members as storytellers
driving Tieta from beginning to end. Considering the development of the script and the
centrality of the Narrator, we explored staging Tieta in a thrust space.
Throughout the whole of our R&D we drew upon many approaches, techniques and
practices from international theatre. To help tap into the earthy and grounded nature of the
story, and to enhance conflicts and tensions between characters, we utilised Suzuki. To
create the common gestures and language of the characters, we drew on Kantor and his art
of repetition. At a climactic point of the story, between the two sisters Tieta and Perpetual,
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we created a sequence from Nihon-Buyon to express the embedded tensions in their
relationship. This range of international practices supported and enhanced the storytelling.
Franko gave me absolute freedom to collaborate, exploring with the actors their response to
stimuli in regards to plot points or themes we were intending to discuss within this project,
always bringing the ideas towards his final goal of a full length script which told the story of
his ‘Tieta’. The combination of the concepts of collaborative creation and authorial translated
drama may seem paradoxical, nevertheless the boundaries of authorship are what should be
challenged throughout this practical research.
Keywords: collaborative theatre, collaborative creation, co-operative translation, cultural appropriation,
devising for performance, Brazilian theatre translation .
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION.
References:
Aaltonen, Sirkku. “Time-Sharing on Stage. Drama Translation in Theatre and Society”.
Clevedon: Multilingual Matters Ltd, 2000.
Amado, Jorge. “Tieta do Agreste”. São Paulo: Cia das Letras, 2009.
Amado, Jorge. “Tieta”. Translated by Barbara Shelby Merello. London: Abacus, 1982.
Bassnett, Susan. “Ways through the Labyrinth: Strategies and Methods for Translating
Theatre Texts”. Hermans, Theo (ed.) The Manipulation of Literature. London: Croom Helm,
97-103, 1985.
Benjamin, Walter. “The Story Teller”.In Illuminations. Ed. por Hannah Arendt. London:
Pimlico, 1999, 83-107.
Eaton, Kate. New voices in Translation Studies 4, Special Conference Issue: ‘With/out
Theory: The Role of Theory in Translation Studies Research’, UCL, UK, April 2008.
Fischer, Stella. “Processo colaborativo e experiências de companhias teatrais brasileiras”.
São Paulo: Hucitec, 2010.
Johnston, David (ed). “Stages of Translation”. Bath, Absolute Classics, 1996.
Mermikides, Alex. “Forced Entertainment – The Travels (2002) – The antitheatrical director”.
Making Contemporary Theatre: International Rehearsal Processes. Jen Harvie and Andy
Lavender eds. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2010. pp. 101-120.
Pavis, Patrice. “Theatre at the Crossroads of Culture”. Translated by Loren Kruger. London
and NewYork: Routledge, 1992.
Zatlin, Phyllis. “Theatrical Translation and Film Adaptation: A Practitioner’s View”. Clevedon:
Multilingual Matters, 2005.
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POROUS DEGRADABLE POLYMER MICROSPHERES FOR DRUG
DELIVERY
Ana Letícia Braz1, Dr. Derek Irvine2 and Dr. Ifty Ahmed1
Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, The University of Nottingham, University Park, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom. Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, The University of Nottingham, University Park, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom. epzia@exmail.nottingham.ac.uk
Abstract: Degradable polyesters, such as polylactic acid (PLA), polyglycolic acid (PGA),
polycaprolactone (PCL), and their copolymers, e.g. polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) are
synthetic polymers that can be formed into micro and nano-spheres for controlled
therapeutic delivery [1], They exhibit excellent biocompatibility, predictable degradation
behavious and suitable mechanical properties for tissue engineering [2] and delivery of
cancer therapeutics [3]. Furthermore their degradation products are eliminated by metabolic
pathaways [4] and elimination via the kidney. Degradation rate can be controlled by polymer
composition, and molecular weight, and further depends on size (diameter/thickness) and
porosity of the polymer matrix, and pH of the environment. It is possible to produce micro-
and nanospheres of these polyesters via emulsion processing [5, 6], down to sizes small
enough for internalisation by cells. The spheres can act as vehicles for otherwise fragile
chemical structures such as proteins and nucleic acids are commonly destroyed during the
manufacture process using high temperature or in the relatively potentially high pH
conditions inside the body, for example in the gastrointestinal tract [7]. These polymeric
spheres are frequently used for therapeutic encapsulation and have demonstrated
successful delivery in vivo with increased efficacy against tumor activity[8].
This study focuses on emulsion processing to realise highly porous microspheres that can
act as vehicles for therapeutic delivery. A parametric study was undertaken to realise
microspheres with tunable sizes and porosities, which will later influence their degradation
and therapeutic release.
The microparticles realised have different degrees of spherecity, porosity, surface
morphology and sizes dependent on processing parameters and formulation. The
microspheres showed a size between 100 and 16 µm and different level of porosity, which
influence the application of these particles in different types of site such as lung delivery.
Keywords: Drug delivery, polymer, porous microspheres.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: 3 MINUTE + 1 SLIDE PRESENTATION.
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References
Almería, B., et al., Controlling the morphology of electrospray-generated PLGA
microparticles for drug delivery. Journal of colloid and interface science, 2010. 343(1): p.
125-133.
Luciani, A., et al., PCL microspheres based functional scaffolds by bottom-up approach with
predefined microstructural properties and release profiles. Biomaterials, 2008. 29(36): p.
4800-4807.
Rahman, C.V., et al., Adjuvant chemotherapy for brain tumors delivered via a novel intra-
cavity moldable polymer matrix. PloS one, 2013. 8(10): p. e77435.
dos Santos Almeida, A., et al., Development of hybrid nanocomposites based on PLLA and
low-field NMR characterization. Polymer Testing, 2012. 31(2): p. 267-275.
Salager, J., F. Nielloud, and G. Marti-Mestres, Pharmaceutical emulsions and suspensions.
Drugs Pharm. Sci, 2000. 105: p. 19-72.
Fan, J.-B., et al., Nanoporous microspheres: from controllable synthesis to healthcare
applications. Journal of Materials Chemistry B, 2013. 1(17): p. 2222-2235.
Mukhopadhyay, P., et al., pH-sensitive chitosan/alginate core-shell nanoparticles for efficient
and safe oral insulin delivery. International journal of biological macromolecules, 2015. 72: p.
640-648.
Pandey, S.K., et al., Anti-cancer evaluation of quercetin embedded PLA nanoparticles
synthesized by emulsified nanoprecipitation. International journal of biological
macromolecules, 2015. 75: p. 521-529.
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CUIDADO INTEGRAL ÀS PESSOAS COM DOENÇA FALCIFORME
NO BRASIL E INGLATERRA: POTENCIALIDADES E DESAFIOS AOS
SISTEMAS DE SAÚDE
Ana Luisa de Araujo Dias 1, 2
Karl Atkin 1
Sangeeta Chatoo 1
Leny Alves Bonfim Trad 2
1 University of York 2 Universidade Federal da Bahia Email principal da autora: analuisadias6@gmail.com
Resumo: Doença falciforme (DF) é o nome dado a um conjunto de patologias
hematológicas hereditarias que podem ter impacto significativo na vida das pessoas com a
doença e suas famílias. Está entre as cinco condições genéticas mais comuns no mundo,
sendo reconhecida pela Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) com um problema de saúde
pública global, dado que há registros em 71% dos países no mundo. Considerada grave, a
condição pode levar a alta vulnerabilidade a infecções graves, crises intensas de dor,
acidente vascular cerebral, complicações cardiopulmonares e renais, úlceras de perna,
lesões osteoarticulares entre outros. A expressão dessas consequências está relacionada a
um conjunto de fatores não somente fisiológicos, mas também socieconômicos, ambientais
e de acesso a servicos de saude de qualidade. Sem o cuidado adequado a DF pode afetar
significativamente a qualidade de vida ou mesmo levar a morte antes dos 5 anos de idade.
Apesar da potencial gravidade já é reconhecido mundialmente que medidas como
diagnóstico precoce (no nascimento), seguido de assistência com equipe de saúde e
informação disponibilizadas a familia reduzem significativamente o risco de morte e a
ocorrência dos agravos além de potencializar a qualidade de vida. Contudo a DF tem sido
historicamente negligenciada sendo incipientes as pesquisas e politicas de saude voltadas a
ela. Tal constatação reflete o racismo institucional, tendo em vista que a doença é mais
comum na população negra. Neste sentido, há uma grande relevância no estabelecimento
de parcerias entre diferentes países para uma melhor compreensão da experiencia das
pessoas com DF, bem como do impacto das políticas de atenção integral a ela voltadas. O
presente projeto destaca o Brasil e a Inglaterra, países com histórias e condições sócio
econômicas bem diferentes mas com sistemas de saude de base universal. Ambos
possuem alta incidência da doença, políticas de saúde especificas voltadas a doenca
falciorme, bem como organizações não-governamentais (ONGs) que tem DF como
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motivação. Assim, a proposta é partir da base das ciências sociais em saúde para
desenvolver uma pesquisa qualitativa composta por dois estudos de caso, cada um focando
um país. Propõem-se analisar a relação entre as politicas de saúde e a atuação das ONGs
relacionadas a doença falciforme em ambos os paises. Partimos do pressuposto de que
atraves da analise das politicas de saúde e organizações não govermentais é possivel
discutir as condições de vida e experiência de pessoas com doença falciforme bem como
compreender se e de que modo a trajetorias das organizacoes e das politicas de saúde são
delineadas a partir da experiência destas pessoas. Através da pesquisa espera-se ser
possível discutir as semelhanças e diferenças, apontando possíveis diálogos entre as duas
realidades de maneira a contribuir para o estabelecimento de potenciais parcerias e
avanços na garantia do direito a saude das pessoas com doença falciforme. Esperamos
ainda estimular o desenvolvimento de novos estudos que venham a contribuir para ampliar
a visão global da realidade das pessoas com doença falciforme bem como das politicas de
saude a ela relacionadas, descontruindo a historia de negligência que cerca esta população.
Palavras–chave: doença falciforme, equidade em saude, sistemas universais de saude, racismo
institucional,
MODALIDADE DE APRESENTAÇÃO: APRESENTAÇÃO DE 3 MINUTOS + 1 SLIDE.
Referências:
BROWN, Phil, et al. "Embodied health movements: new approaches to social movements in
health." Sociology of health & illness 26.1 (2004): 50-80.
Cançado, Rodolfo. D.; Aragão, Joice.A. A doença falciforme no Brasil. Rev. Bras. Hematol.
Hemoter. São José do Rio Preto,. v.29, n.3, p. 203-206, July/Sept. 2007.
DIAS, Ana Luisa A. A (Re)Construção do caminhar: itinerário terapêutico de pessoas com
Doença Falciforme com histórico de úlcera de perna. Dissertação de Mestrado. Instituto de
Saúde Coletiva. Universidade federal da Bahia. 2013.
DYSON, Simon M.; ATKIN Karl. "Sickle cell and thalassaemia: global public health issues
come of age." Ethnicity & health 16.4-5 (2011): 299-311.
DYSON, Simon M.; ATKIN Karl. "Sickle Cell and Thalassaemia: Why Social Science is
Critical to Improving Care and Service Support." Genetics and Global Public Health: Sickle
Cell and Thalassaemia (2012).
WEATHERALL D. The inherited disorders of haemoglobin: an increasingly neglected global
health burden. The Indian Journal of Medical Research. 2011;134(4):493-497.
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PREDICTING VIRUS-HOST INTERACTIONS USING
EVOLUTIONARY AND STRUCTURAL APPROACHES
Anderson Brito; John Pinney
Centre for Integrative Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Imperial College London af4813@ic.ac.uk
Abstract: Building on advances in Structural Biology, comparative approaches can be
applied to transfer the knowledge from widely studied molecular systems to neglected ones
(Marti-Renom, et al. 2000), allowing us to understand not just the evolution of related
proteins, but also comprehend how their interactions evolve at the molecular level (Aloy, et
al. 2003). It means that we are now in a position where genomic, proteomic, and structural
data can be integrated to model not just interactions between host and viral proteins known
to interact, but also between pairs that potentially interact in events of cross infection.
In this study, the structure of a host Nectin bound to a Herpesviral glycoprotein D was
selected as template for homology modelling (Zhang, et al. 2011). Using the program
MODELLER (Sali and Blundell 1993), all potential pairwise associations between nine
herpesviral glycoproteins (gD/gG) and 600+ host nectin-like proteins were modelled,
allowing us to extract structural properties, and evaluate if variations in these properties can
be used to predict protein-protein interactions (PPIs).
The first structural property we explored was the ‘carbon-α geometric deviation of interface
residues’ (iRMSD), which was measured by aligning the template structure with the 5,000+
models generated. Interestingly, scatterplots of iRMSD against interface sequence similarity
have shown no correlation between these variables, observation that fits with the existing
understanding that even proteins with contrasting levels of similarity can still retain similar
folds and interaction modes.
Since MODELLER construct homology models by satisfaction of spatial restraints (Sali and
Blundell 1993), our results suggest that models with high iRMSD could be the result of
geometric incompatibilities between target and template interfaces, and conversely,
complexes showing low iRMSD probably have similar binding modes, and are more likely to
represent true PPIs. These findings indicate that variations in iRMSD could be used as a
‘measure of evolutionary change’ to predict events of interaction gain and loss along viral
and host evolutionary histories (Pinney, et al. 2007; Ratmann, et al. 2009).
Keywords: Host-Virus Interaction, Molecular Evolution, Protein-Protein Interaction, Homology
Modelling, Structural Biology
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MODE OF PRESENTATION: 3 MINUTE + 1 SLIDE PRESENTATION.
References:
Aloy P, Ceulemans H, Stark A, Russell RB 2003. The relationship between sequence and
interaction divergence in proteins. J Mol Biol 332: 989-998
Marti-Renom MA, et al. 2000. Comparative protein structure modeling of genes and
genomes. Annu Rev Biophys Biomol Struct 29: 291-325. doi:
10.1146/annurev.biophys.29.1.291
Pinney JW, Amoutzias GD, Rattray M, Robertson DL 2007. Reconstruction of ancestral
protein interaction networks for the bZIP transcription factors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:
20449-20453. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0706339104
Ratmann O, Wiuf C, Pinney JW 2009. From evidence to inference: probing the evolution of
protein interaction networks. HFSP J 3: 290-306. doi: 10.2976/1.3167215
Sali A, Blundell TL 1993. Comparative protein modelling by satisfaction of spatial restraints.
J Mol Biol 234: 779-815. doi: 10.1006/jmbi.1993.1626
Zhang QC, Petrey D, Norel R, Honig BH 2010. Protein interface conservation across
structure space. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107: 10896-10901. doi:
10.1073/pnas.1005894107
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EFFECTS OF STRESS ON COGNITIVE FUNCTION
Andressa Silva Eidt
Queen Mary University of London andressa.eidt@stu15.qmul.ac.uk
Abstract:
Background Stress is a physiological phenomenon that occurs when the human body
reacts to unexpected stimulus considered dangerous and difficult to overcome. This
phenomenon has numerous negative repercussions when it becomes chronic and can lead
to physical implications such as headaches, hair loss, irritability, digestive problems and a
wide range of signs and symptoms. Complaints related to stress have become more
frequent due to the hectic way of life that most people are living. It is known that chronic
stress has negative implications on cognitive function, and this may happen through “long-
lasting functional and structural changes in the brain” (Aggarwal, 2014, p8). The mechanism
by which stress influence cognition remains not well understood, because of the complex
and multifactorial nature of this association.
Results: Data available tend to show that there is a negative relationship between stress
and cognitive function and this can be due the effects of the acute and chronic release of
glucocorticoids in the brain, in areas such as the hippocampus and striatum (1-7). Findings
suggest the occurrence of a wide range of modifications in the brain under chronic stress
such as neuronal loss and hippocampus atrophy (8-10). Besides, a reduced performance in
memory and intellectual tasks was associated with stress in different human trials (11-12).
Evidence points out the importance of the individual reaction to stress over the number of
negative events it has been through, allowing the implication that what accounts to decrease
in cognition is the self-perception of stress and the ability of the person to cope with it (13).
Data remains inconclusive concerning stress as a risk factor for dementia and Alzheimer’s
disease development (14-16).
Conclusion: The fully understanding of the association between stress and cognition is
extremely important to public health since both stress and cognitive impairment are
increasing in incidence and affecting a larger number of people every year. It is clearly that
stress negatively impacts cognition, however, further research with superior methodology is
required to clarify the mechanism by which it happens. Additional understanding of this f ield
may allow the development of preventive measures and even treatment methods.
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Keywords: Cognitive function, Glucocorticoids, Stress
MODE OF PRESENTATION: 3 MINUTE + 1 SLIDE PRESENTATION.
References
1. Lupien, S.J., Maheu, F., Tu, M., Fiocco, A. et al (2007) The effects of stress and stress
hormones on human cognition: Implications for the field of brain and cognition. Brain and
Cognition 65 209–237
2. Leng, Y., Wainwright, N. W. J., Hayat, S., Stephan, B. C. M. et al (2013) The association
between social stress and global cognitive function in a population-based study: the
European Prospective Investigation into Cancer (EPIC)-Norfolk study. Psychological
Medicine, 43, 655–666.
3. H. Eichenbaum (2001) The hippocampus and declarative memory: cognitive mechanisms
and neural codes. Behav Brain Res. 127(1-2):199-207
4. Marin, M.F., Lord, C., Andrews, J., Juster, R.P. et al (2011) Chronic stress, cognitive
functioning and mental health. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory. 96, 4, 583–595
5. De Leon, M.J., Mcrae, T., Rusinek, H., Convit, A. et al (1997) Cortisol Reduces
Hippocampal Glucose Metabolism in Normal Elderly, but Not in Alzheimer’s Disease.,
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 82,10 3251 -3259
6. de Quervain, D. J.F., Roozendaal, B., Nitsch, R.M., McGaugh, J.L., et al (2000) Acute
cortisone administration impairs retrieval of long-term declarative memory in humans. nature
neuroscience 3, 313 – 314
7. Sapolsky, R.M., Krey, L.C. and McEwen, B.S. (1986) The Neuroendocrinology of Stress
and Aging: The Glucocorticoid Cascade Hypothesis. Endocr. Rev. 7, 284-301.
8. Lupien, S.J., de Leon, M., de Santi, S., Convit, A. et al. (1998) Cortisol levels during
human aging predict hippocampal atrophy and memory deficits. nature neuroscience 1, 69-
73
9. MacLullich, A.M., Deary, I.J., Starr, J.M., Ferguson, K.J. et al (2005) Plasma cortisol
levels, brain volumes and cognition in healthy elderly men. Psychoneuroendocrinology.
30(5):505-15.
10. Leverenz, J.B., Wilkinson, C.W., Wamble, M., Corbin, S. et al (1999) Effect of Chronic
High-Dose Exogenous Cortisol on Hippocampal Neuronal Number in Aged Nonhuman
Primates. The Journal of Neuroscience, 19(6):2356–2361
11. Atsak, P., Guenzel, F.M., Kantar-Gok, D., Zalachoras, I. et al (2016) Glucocorticoids
mediate stress-induced impairment of retrieval of stimulus-response memory.
Psychoneuroendocrinology. 67:207-215.
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12. Guenzel, F.M., Wolf, O.T., and Schwabe, L. (2013). Stress disrupts response memory
retrieval. psychoneuroendocrinology 38, 1460—1465
13. Aggarwal, N.T., Wilson, R.S., Beck, T.L., Rajan, K.B. et al (2014) Perceived Stress and
Change in Cognitive Function Among Adults Aged 65 and Older. Psychosom Med. 76(1):
80–85
14. Johansson, L., Guo, X., Waern, M., O¨ stling, S. et al (2010) Midlife psychological stress
and risk of dementia: a 35-year longitudinal population study. Brain 133; 2217–2224
15. Wilson, R.S., Evans, D.A., Bienias, J.L., de Leon, C.F.M. et al (2003) Proneness to
psychological distress is associated with risk of Alzheimer’s disease. Neurology, 61:1479–
1485
16. Sundström, A., Rönnlund, M., Adolfsson, R. and Nilsson, L.G. (2014) Stressful life
events are not associated with the development of dementia. International Psychogeriatrics,
26:1, 147–154
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A CONTRIBUTION TO THE DESIGN OF LEARNING IN MASSIVE
OPEN ONLINE COURSES
Aracele Fassbinder1,2,3; Ellen Francine Barbosa2; George Magoulas3
1Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of South of Minas Gerais, Brazil 2Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of São Paulo, Brazil 3London Knowledge Lab, Birkbeck College, University of London, United Kingdom aracele.garcia@ifsuldeminas.edu.br
Abstract: Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) are an instance related to the Open
Education Movement [3]. They are characterized as online courses, offering unlimited
participation to students and open access via the web. The term MOOC was used for the
first time in 2008 to describe a connectivist course offered by the University of Manitoba,
Canada. This course and its successors led to the development of a MOOC model named
cMOOC. Since 2012, the popularity of MOOCs has increased considerably mainly due to
new educational and technological MOOC experiments developed by American and
European start-ups, such as Coursera, edX, Udacity and Future Learn. At that time, a new
model of MOOCs emerged, the so called extensionists MOOCs or xMOOCs, which have
been considered as an important mechanism for democratizing access to education.
Although promising, most of the current xMOOCs are still based on traditional teaching
models, which also contributes to the high dropout rates. Designing attractive and motivating
online courses for large scale delivery still remains a challenge. Furthermore, the
widespread discussion about the potential of MOOCs has stimulated universities and
enterprises to develop courses using MOOC open platforms such as Google Course Builder,
open edX, and Tim Tec on their own technological infrastructure. However, practical
guidelines on learning design in MOOCs is still unavailable, leaving many instructional
designers to rely on their own experiences when designing MOOCs.
This work in progress aims to address these challenges by establishing and validating a
model to support MOOC teams in designing for learning in MOOCs. The model is based on
a set of linked and complementary fundamental approaches from the education and
educational technology areas and aims to support teaching and learning practice in MOOCs
considering the main gaps identified before. The main approaches combined are: (i) Flipped
Classroom Teaching Method as a pedagogical base [1, 2], (ii) Agile Software Engineering as
an organizational support, and (iii) Design Thinking as a strategy for innovation.
Accordingly, Educational Design Research [4] was applied to achieve this research purpose.
The model has been developed by analysing current strategies used to design learning in
MOOCs. We also carried out a survey where MOOC instructors were asked about their
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experiences of designing MOOCs. A first Small Private Online Course (SPOC) was also
designed as an experimental case study to demonstrate, in a practical context, the feasibility
of using Flipped Classroom principles to design this type of virtual and massive course. This
case study was also used as an initial validation of the model-in-progress.
As initial results, an overview of strategies to design for learning in MOOCs and the main
challenges involved has been briefly presented and analyzed. A conceptual model based on
Flipped Classroom fundamentals, Agile Software Engineering practices, and Design
Thinking ideas has been initially defined to support teams to design learning experiences in
MOOCs. Next steps in our research include the evolution of this model towards an approach
for recording design experience in the form of design patterns for learning design in MOOCs,
and the developing of a pattern language for MOOCs.
Keywords: Flipped Classroom, Learning design, MOOCs, Pedagogy, Technology enhanced learning.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: POSTER PRESENTATION.
References
[1] A. G. O. Fassbinder, M. Fassbinder, and E. F. Barbosa, "From flipped classroom theory
to the personalized design of learning experiences in MOOCs," Frontiers in Education
Conference (FIE), IEEE, 2015.
[2] J. Bergmann and A. Sams, “Flip your classroom: Reach every student in every class
every day,” International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE), 2012.
[3] A. G. O. Fassbinder, M. E. Delamaro, and E. F. Barbosa, "Construção e Uso de MOOCs:
Uma Revisão Sistemática," Anais do Simpósio Brasileiro de Informática na Educação. Vol.
25. No. 1. 2014.
[4] T. Plomp and N. Nieveen, “An introduction to educational design research,” In:
Proceedings of the seminar conducted at the East China Normal University, Shanghai. 2007.
Available at
http://www.slo.nl/downloads/2009/Introduction_20to_20education_20design_20research.pdf.
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CLIMATE WARMING, N-FERTILISATION AND ABOVE-GROUND
BIOMASS REMOVAL INTERACT TO AFFECT C AND N CYCLING
AND GHG EMISSIONS FROM TEMPERATE GRASSLAND SOIL
Arlete Simões Barneze, Jeanette Whitaker, Niall McNamara, Nick Ostle
Lancaster University and Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Main author email: arletesb@gmail.com
Abstract: Globally populations are undergoing unprecedented growth, with the human
population estimated to grow by two to three billion people within the next few decades,
meaning that intensification (e.g. increases in nitrogen (N)-fertiliser use and/or grazing) of
agricultural land for food and fuel will increase. Alongside, effects of global changes,
including climate warming, on terrestrial biodiversity, nutrient cycling and ecosystem services
have been changed. The challenge is to develop innovative agricultural approaches which
protect and/or enhance ecosystem biodiversity and functions, including soil carbon (C)
sequestration and the mitigation of greenhouse gas (GHG), whilst delivering more food
sustainably. To address this, most of studies have studied only a single factor. Interactions
among multiple climate and management factors can affect soil ecosystem in ways that are
not easily predictable from measuring a single factor. The aim of this study was to
investigate how climate warming and temperate grassland management (N-fertiliser and
ABG removal) interact to affect grassland N and C cycling and GHG emissions from soil.
The research also investigates the resistance of plant-soil interactions and soil C cycling to
physical perturbations in conditions, including climate. Ecosystem perturbation will be
interacting with soil microbial diversity, regulating C and N cycling and GHG emissions.
Specific hypotheses will be addressed: 1) N and warming will increase N2O emissions by
increasing N mineral in the soil, accelerated by microbial activity, while increase plant N
assimilation, enhancing soil respiration affecting on primary productivity; 2) ABG removal
and warming will reduce plant canopy affecting CO2 fluxes due to reduction of respiration
and reduces N2O fluxes due to C-limited soil system; 3) Plant C removal interacts to N
addition will decrease N2O emissions due to C-limited and decrease respiration. GHG fluxes
were measured using closed static chamber method from May to October, 2015. Soils
sampled were analysed for total C and N, NH4+/NO3
- concentrations and microbial
communities (PFLA). In the end of the growing season, plant/root traits and above/below-
ground biomass were determined. Linear mixed-effects models were conducted in R, with
single treatments and interactions treated as fixed effects, while block was treated as
random effect nested within dates. The results showed that warming instead reduced the
effect of N on N2O emissions. It also increased the concentration of N in the root and leaf
compartments. The challenge now is to understand what was the primary mechanism for
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this reduction: increase in plant N uptake due to increased temperature or changes in
microbial activity due to decrease of soil moisture. Further experiments are ongoing to
access this question of this PhD project.
Keywords: Carbon and nitrogen cycle, climate change, ecosystem processes, GHG emissions, nitrogen.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: POSTER PRESENTATION
References:
Butterbach-Bahl K, Baggs EM, Dannenmann M, Kiese R, Zechmeister-Boltenstern S. 2013
Nitrous oxide emissions from soils: how well do we understand the processes and their
controls? Phil Trans R Soc B 368: 20130122.
Hamilton, E.W.; Frank, D.A. 2001. Can plants stimulate soil microbes and their own nutrient
supply? Evidence from a grazing tolerant grass. Ecology 82, 2397-2402.
Lutz, W.; Samir, K.C. 2010. Dimensions of global population projections: what do we know
about future population trends and structures? Philosophical transactions of the Royal
Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences 365, 2779-2791.
Ostle, N.J.; Levy, P.E.; Evans, C.D.; Smith, P. 2009. UK land use and soil carbon
sequestration. Land Use Policy 26, Supplement 1, S274-S283.
Rustad, L.E. 2001. A Meta-Analysis of the response of soil respiration, net nitrogen
mineralization, and aboveground plant growth to experimental ecosystem warming.
Oecologia 126: 543–562.
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THE INFLUENCE OF MENSTRUAL CYCLE PHASE ON
FLEXIBILITY AND JUMP PERFORMANCE IN DANCERS:
INTERACTIONS WITH MTU STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL
CHARACTERISTICS
Bárbara Pessali-Marques*, Gladys Onambele-Person*, Adrian Burden*, Vincent Cacalano*
and Islay McEwan*
*Manchester Metropolitan University b.pessali-marques@mmu.ac.uk
Abstract: The menstrual cycle occur as a direct result of variations of blood concentrations
of female hormones. It is composed of three phases: follicular, ovulatory and luteal (Bell et
al., 2014; Teixeira et al., 2012). Some studies found modifications in joint laxity (Bell et al.,
2014), tendon stiffness (Onambélé et al., 2007), muscle strength, proprioception and muscle
activation patterns, in line with circulating levels of female hormones. However, other
studies found no difference in similar variables (Burgess et al., 2010; Teixeira et al., 2012).
If the presence of relatively high levels of oestrogen and/or progesterone were associated
with decreased stiffness of ligamentous tissues, this reduction would increase initial muscle
shortening velocity, degree of muscle shortening, muscle fascicle pennation angle at rest
and during contraction, ultimately affecting force-production capacity. During the stretch
shortening cycle a stiffer MTU induces better transmission of the force via the tendon directly
to the bone and shortens the coupling time between eccentric and concentric phases
(Ochala et al., 2007). In addition, MTU stiffness is known to be connected to the central
nervous system, once the sensation of pain during the stretches, controlled by
mechanoreceptors, is influenced by stiffness. This way, a reduced stiffness would lend itself
to greater tendon deformation for equivalent forces (Onambélé et al., 2007).
Considering that flexibility and jumping abilities, both crucial for dancers’ performance, could
be influenced by MTU stiffness, and that this (Brughelli and Cronin, 2008)appears to be
affected by key menstrual cycle hormones, the aim of this research is to determine the
effects of MCP in MTU characteristics in jump and flexibility performance in dancers and
non-dancers to predict any modifications in dance performance. Also, determine whether
different levels of dancers are equally affected by the endocrine fluctuations induced through
the MCP. This will allow the development of training strategies to improve performance and
potentially avoid injuries.
Methods: The volunteers will receive a kit to measure the ovulation phase. To confirm the
menstrual cycle phase, venepuncture samples and blood chemiluminescent tests will be
carried out. Testing will take place on four days: familiarization, follicular, ovulatory and luteal
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phases. Forms will be filled to characterize the subjects (personal information, injuries and
exercise practiced).
Anthropometry and ultrasound images: body weight, height, percentage of fat,
circumferences and length of the segments. Ultrasound images of the MTU of the biceps
femoris and rectus femoris.
Passive flexibility: supine on the Cybex isokinetic dynamometer, with the lever arm attached
to the ankle. The hamstrings will be stretched until the maximum tolerated by the participant.
They will press in a control when they start to feel the stretching; 6 trials will be done.
Active flexibility: standing with feet parallel on Cybex, one ankle attached at the lever arm; 3
trials of flexion and extension of the hip will be done.
Vertical jumps: countermovement jump and squat jump from a force platform; 3 trials of each
jump.
Passive stretch: 4 series of passive static stretch for 30 seconds will be done supine on
Cybex.
Tests will be recorded (3D analyses) to analyse the influence of pelvic movement and
electromyography of the agonists and antagonists muscles will be done.
Participants: students and professionals dancers, non-dancers, 18-30 years. Sample size:
12 per group.
Key words: Dancers, Flexibility, Jumps, Menstrual Cycle Phases, Muscle-tendon Unit.
PRESENTATION MODALITY: 3 MINUTE + 1 SLIDE
References:
Bell, D., Blackburn, J., Hackney, A., Marshall, S., Beutler, A. and Padua, D. (2014) 'Jump-
landing biomechanics and knee-laxity change across the menstrual cycle in women with
anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.' Journal of Athletic Training, 49(2) pp. 154-162.
Brughelli, M. and Cronin, J. (2008) 'A review of research on the mechanical stiffness in
running and jumping: methodology and implications.' Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and
Science in Sports, 18(4) pp. 417-426.
Burgess, K. E., Pearson, S. J. and Onambélé, G. L. (2010) 'Patellar Tendon Properties With
Fluctuating Menstrual Cycle Hormones.' Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 24(8)
pp. 2088-2095.
Ochala, J., Lambertz, D. and Pousson, J. V. H. M. (2007) 'Changes in muscle and joint
elasticity following long-term strength training in old age.' European Journal of Apllied
Physiology, 100(5) pp. 491-498.
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Onambélé, G., Burgess, K. and Pearson, S. (2007) 'Gender-Specific in vivo measurement of
the structural and mechanical properties of the human patellar tendon.' Journal of
Orthopaedic Research, 25(12) pp. 1635-1642.
Teixeira, A. L. d. S., Junior, W. F., Marques, F. A. D., Lacio, M. L. d. and Dias, M. R. C.
(2012) 'Influence of different phases of menstrual cycle on flexibility of young women.'
Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte, 18(6) pp. 361-364.
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CURRENCY HIERARCHY AND INTERNATIONALISATION:
DETERMINANTS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR MONETARY POLICY
IN BRAZIL
Bianca de Souza Lima Orsi
University of Leeds biancaorsi@hotmail.com
Abstract: This paper aims to identify the determinants of currency hierarchy and
internationalisation with a focus on the emerging economies. Another objective is to
empirically assess the implications of currency internationalisation and currency hierarchy
over monetary policy in order to formulate recommendations regarding monetary policy
autonomy and exchange rate policy. The debate on currency internationalisation has
become a central issue of discussion in the international community, as globalization has
increased the volume of international capital flows across the countries. In the absence of a
single universal currency that fulfils the money functions at the international level, multiple
currencies are available for transactions in the international market. The higher degree of
integration between countries from the "global north", i.e. developed economies, with those
from the "global south", should have enhanced the internationalisation of currencies from
emerging economies. However, one can observe that only a few currencies issued by
developed countries are generally used as a means of payment, unit of account and store of
value at the international level. Therefore, the current international monetary system is
asymmetric in that some currencies are more widely used in the international market, and for
more purposes, than others. Within this asymmetric system, currencies can be understood
as having a hierarchical rank, with central currencies issued by developed countries placed
at the highest positions and peripheral currencies at the lowest. Most of the literature on
currency internationalisation and hierarchy focuses on central currencies and neglects
important implications for emerging economies, such as external vulnerability, exchange rate
dynamics and monetary policy restrictions. Central and peripheral currencies can be
distinguished by their differing liquidity levels, that is, central currencies are more widely
accepted as the currency holder can trade them very quickly without significant losses. As a
result of the lower liquidity feature, emerging economies have to offer higher returns to
attract capital inflows. Thus, countries such as Brazil are subjected to monetary policy
restrictions as monetary authorities have to set higher interest rates to maintain the demand
for the Brazilian real and avoid exchange rate depreciation. In other words, the high levels of
interest rate compensate for the higher risks investors have to face in order to maintain the
Brazilian currency. This policy strategy attracts especially speculative capital flows, which
seeks for short term investments that profit from differences in interest rates. Moreover, the
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Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 31
demand for Brazilian currency depends on investors' perspective about the market. In
periods of economic prosperity, investors are less averse to risk and are searching for the
higher returns offered by developing economies. By contrast, during adverse situations,
these investors will seek for more liquid currencies. Consequently, the exchange rate
becomes more volatile and, again, it is necessary to keep interest rates at a higher level,
which results in a vicious circle.
Keywords: currency hierarchy, currency internationalisation, emerging economies, exchange rate,
inflation, monetary policy.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: 3 MINUTE + 1 SLIDE PRESENTATION.
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Bogdanski, J., Tombini, A.A. and Werlang, S.R.C. 2000. Implementing Inflation Targeting in
Brazil. Banco Central do Brasil Working Paper Series. pp.1-29.
Bresser-Pereira, L.C. and Silva, C.G.d. 2007. INFLATION TARGETING IN BRAZIL: A
KEYNESIAN APPROACH. FVG EESP.
Carvalho, F.J.C.d. 2005. Uma Contribuição ao Debate em torno da Eficácia da Política
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Cohen, B.J. 1998. The Geography of Money. 1 ed. New York: Cornell University Press.
Cohen, B.J. 2011. Toward a Leaderless Currency System. In: Helleiner, E. and Kirshner, J.
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Cohen, B.J. and Benney, T.M. 2013. What does the international currency system really look
like? Review of International Political Economy.
De Conti, B.M., Biancarelli, A. and Rossi, P. 2013a. Currency hierarchy, liquidity preference
and exchange rates: a Keynesian/minskyan approach. In: Congrès de l’Association
Française d’Économie Politique, 3-5 Juillet, Université Montesquieu Bordeaux IV, France.
De Conti, B.M. and Prates, D.M. 2014. The International Monetary System hierarchy:
determinants and current configuration. In: 18th Conference Inequality and the Future of
Capitalism, 30 October – 1 November 2014, Berlin, Germany.
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Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 32
De Conti, B.M., Prates, D.M. and Plihon, D. 2014. The hierarchy of currencies and its
implications for peripheral countries exchange and interest rate dynamics and economic
policy. Economia e Sociedade. 23(2), pp.341-372.
Fritz, B., Prates, D.M. and Paula, L.F.d. 2014. Keynes at the Periphery: Currency hierarchy
and challenges for economic policy in emerging economies. In: Currency Hierarchies,
Macroeconomic Policies and Development Strategies, 03/11/2014 to 03/11/2014, Freie
Universität Berlin. Berlin, Germany.
Kaltenbrunner, A. 2011. Currency internationalisation and exchange rate dynamics in
emerging markets: a post Keynesian analysis of Brazil. PhD thesis, University of London.
Kaltenbrunner, A. and Painceira, J.P. 2012. Emerging Countries and Inconsistencies in
Macroeconomic Policy: The Inflation Targeting Regime and Exchange Rate Management.
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Economia Política. 30(117), pp.63-72.
Strange, S. 1971. Sterling and British Policy. 1 ed. London: Oxford University Press.
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Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 33
PELÉ, ROMÁRIO AND RONALDO: THE 2014 FIFA WORLD CUP
AND THE SOCIAL TRAJECTORY OF FORMER BRAZILIAN
FOOTBALL STARS
Billy Graeff
Federal University of Rio Grande/Loughborough University billygraeff@gmail.com
Abstract: Sport mega events (SMEs) have become, over the twentieth century, gigantic and
complex structures (Gupta, 2009; Horne, 2015). Its development has led them to be
platforms for a growing number of issues and to occupy the centrality of discussions on a
variety of fields (Roche, 1998; 2003; 2006; Horne & Manzenreiter, 2006). SMEs are
growingly related to nation and city branding (Knott, 2010; 2014), and also ‘an increasingly
popular political and developmental strategy for a wide range of urban, regional, and national
governments, along with their social and economic allies’ (Black, 2007, p. 261). Additionally,
it is becoming progressively clear that ‘states seek to host sports mega-events because,
above all, they believe it will enhance their ‘international prestige’ (Grix, 2012, p. 289). Image
leveraging is one of the most important stakeholders drivers when the subject is SMEs.
Accompany this, another series of beliefs linked to mega events that still in dispute within the
field of SMEs studies. These include economic development (Kassimati, 2003; Hornet, 2007;
Blake, 2005; Matheson, 2006), acquisition of various types of legacy (Cornelissen; Bob &
Swart, 2011), improvements in the tourism area (Stevenson 2012, Whitson & Macintosh,
1986) and social development (Sanchez & Broudehoux, 2013; Cornelissen, 2011). What has
not been explored by SMEs related literature is the fact that they potentially can also be
used for investments in ‘personal branding’ or individual leverage. In other words, people
can use SMEs to obtain individual advantages (symbolic or material), either approaching
them or playing specific roles in them. Although it cannot be considered a surprise that the
sports field and especially SMEs offer room for the development of practices related to the
world of celebrities, once ‘there is no sign yet that the spread of celebrity culture has reached
its limits’ (Bennet, 2005, p. 11) and the field of sports apparently provides prosperous space
for its development, it is a relationship not specifically studied up to the present time. The
issue of the ‘sport celebrity’ has been approached by the field of psychology (McGannon et.
al., 2012), within the field of sports, mainly to analyse specific cases (Bolsmann & Parker,
2007), or to develop models (Sassenberg, Verreynne & Morgan, 2012) and from the
marketing point of view (Moorman, 2006; Van Heerden, Kuiper & Saar, 2008). Jackson and
Andrews (2012) contributed with a good introduction to the study of the Olympic universe
and its relationship with the spectre of celebrities. Peacock and Darnell (2012) analysed the
specificities of the Olympic Movement and the leading role of presidents of the International
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Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 34
Olympic Movement. Rahman (2011) studied the role of the body and the heteroclite
dynamics of sports celebrities. Nonetheless, the sport that perhaps have created most sports
celebrities still needs further study, however, steps have been given in that direction (Brooks,
2000). Thus, it can be said that the general field of celebrities studies offers rich
opportunities for the seizure of social dynamics and it has grown and developed autonomous
and fast (Turner, 2010). On the other hand, the field of SMEs has been gradually drawing
media coverage and has increasingly played an important role in international and domestic
politics, in the case of countries and cities involved in the application process, preparation
and realisation of SMES. This paper will analyse, in turn, the involvement of three actors,
considered sports celebrities, due to their backgrounds as international athletes, with the
FIFA World Cup 2014. The narrative adopted in this work will start in the period prior to the
selection of Brazil to host such SME and when both Pele, Romario and Ronaldo were
supporting the realisation of the Games and the Brazilian candidacy. Through news carried
by newspapers and digital publications, as well as posts found on social networks, the work
will explain how these three players ended the year 2015 (empirical work limit) in totally
different positions in the political and social spectrum. The narrative will also describe how
the tensions, spacings and approximations of these three actors towards the Games and
broader aspects of Brazilian social dynamics were expressed.
Keywords: Football World Cup, sports celebrities.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: POSTER.
References:
Barclay, J. (2009). Predicting the costs and benefits of mega-sporting events: misjudgment
of olympic proportions?. Economic Affairs, 29(2), 62-66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-
0270.2009.01896.x
Bennett, J. (2015). Approaching celebrity studies. Celebrity Studies, 6(3), 269-271.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19392397.2015.1062638
Black, D. (2007). The Symbolic Politics of Sport Mega-Events: 2010 in Comparative
Perspective, Politikon: South African Journal of Political Studies, 34:3, 261-276, DOI:
10.1080/02589340801962536
Blake, A. (2005). The Economic Impact of the London 2012 Olympics, 44(0). Retrieved from
http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/8228/1/licence.txt
Bolsmann, C., & Parker, A. (2007). Soccer, South Africa and Celebrity Status: Mark Fish,
Popular Culture and the Post‐Apartheid State. Soccer & Society, 8(1), 109-124.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14660970600989442
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Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 35
Brooks, K. (2000). ‘More Than a Game’: The Footy Show, Fandom and the Construction of
Football Celebrities. Football Studies, vol. 3 no. 1. Retrieved from
http://library.la84.org/SportsLibrary/FootballStudies/2000/FS0301e.pdf
Budabin, A. C. (2015). Celebrities as norm entrepreneurs in international politics: Mia Farrow
and the ‘Genocide Olympics’ campaign, Celebrity Studies,
DOI: 10.1080/19392397.2015.1087206
Cornelissen, S. (2011). More than a Sporting Chance? Appraising the sport for development
legacy of the 2010 FIFA World Cup. Third World Quarterly, 32(3), 503-529. Retrieved from
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01436597.2011.573943
Cornelissen, S., Bob, U., & Swart, K. (2011). Towards redefining the concept of legacy in
relation to sport mega-events: Insights from the 2010 FIFA World Cup. Development
Southern Africa, 28(3), 307-318.
Grix, J. (2012). World Cup “ Image ” leveraging and sports mega- events : Germany and the
2006 FIFA World Cup. Journal of Sport & Tourism, 17(4), 289-312.
Gupta, A. (2009). The Globalization of Sports, the Rise of Non-Western Nations, and the
Impact on International Sporting Events. The International Journal Of The History Of Sport,
26(12), 1779-1790. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09523360903172390
Horne, J. (2007). The Four “Knowns” of Sports Mega Events. Leisure Studies, 26(1), 81-96.
Horne, J. (2015). Assessing the sociology of sport: On sports mega-events and capitalist
modernity. International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 50(4-5), 466-471. Retrieved from
http://irs.sagepub.com/cgi/doi/10.1177/1012690214538861
Horne, J., & Manzenreiter, W. (2006). An introduction to the sociology of sports mega‐
events1. The Sociological Review, 54(s2), 1-24.
Jackson, S., & Andrews, D. (2012). Olympic celebrity – Introduction. Celebrity Studies, 3(3),
263-269. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19392397.2012.717742
Kasimati, E. (2003). Economic aspects and the Summer Olympics: A review of related
research. International Journal of Tourism Research, 5(6), 433–444. Retrieved from
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jtr.449/abstract
Knott, B. K. (2010). The strategic contribution of sport mega- events to nation branding: The
case of South Africa and the 2010 FIFA World Cup In fulfillment of the requirements for the
PhD programme Through the Supervisory team : Prof A Fyall and Dr I Jones.
Knott, B. (2014). Leveraging nation branding opportunities through sport mega-events
Proceedings of the 5 th International Conference on Destination Branding and Marketing (
DBM-V ), (January 2016).
McGannon, K., Hoffmann, M., Metz, J., & Schinke, R. (2012). A media analysis of a sport
celebrity: Understanding an informal “team cancer” role as a socio-cultural construction.
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Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 36
Psychology Of Sport And Exercise, 13(1), 26-35.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2011.08.001
Matheson, V. (2006). Mega-Events: The effect of the world’s biggest sporting events on
local, regional, and national economies. Economics Department Working Papers. Paper 68.
http://crossworks.holycross.edu/econ_working_papers/68
Moorman, A. (2006). False Advertising and Celebrity Endorsements: Where's My Script?.
Sport Marketing Quarterly, 15,11 l-l 13. Retrieved from
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.392.1787&rep=rep1&type=pdf
Peacock, B., & Darnell, S. (2012). Political celebrity and the Olympic movement: exploring
the charismatic authority of IOC presidents. Celebrity Studies, 3(3), 319-334.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19392397.2012.717760
Rahman, M. (2011). The burdens of the flesh: star power and the queer dialectic in sports
celebrity. Celebrity Studies, 2(2), 150-163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19392397.2011.574850
Roche, M. (1998). Mega‐events, culture and modernity: Expos and the origins of public
culture. International Journal Of Cultural Policy, 5(1), 1-31.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10286639809358087
Roche, M. (2003). Mega-events, Time and Modernity. Time & Society, 12(1), 99 -126.
Retrieved from http://tas.sagepub.com/content/12/1/99.abstract
Roche, M. (2006). Mega-events and modernity revisited: globalization and the case of the
Olympics. The Sociological Review, 54(s2), 25-40.
Sánchez, F., & Broudehoux, A.-M. (2013). Mega-events and urban regeneration in Rio de
Janeiro: planning in a state of emergency. International Journal of Urban Sustainable
Development, 5(2), 132-153. Retrieved from
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/19463138.2013.839450
Sassenberg, A., Verreynne, M., & Morgan, M. (2012). A SPORT CELEBRITY BRAND
IMAGE: A CONCEPTUAL MODEL. International Journal Of Organisational Behaviour,
Volume 17 (2), 108-121. Retrieved from
https://eprints.usq.edu.au/22094/1/Sassenberg_etal_v17n2_PV.pdf
Stevenson, N. (2012). Culture and the 2012 games: creating a tourism legacy?, (October
2013), 37-41. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14766825.2012.682478
Turner, G. (2010). Approaching celebrity studies. Celebrity Studies, 1(1), 11-20.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19392390903519024
Whitson, D., & Macintosh, D. (1996). THE GLOBAL CIRCUS: INTERNATIONAL SPORT,
TOURISM, AND THE MARKETING OF CITIES. Journal of Sport & Social Issues.
Van Heerden, N., Kuiper, A., & Saar, H. (2008). Investigating sport celebrity endorsement
and sport event sponsorship as promotional cues. SA J. Res. Sp., 30(2).
http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/sajrs.v30i2.25996
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Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 38
REPRESENTATION AND INTEGRATION: THE LOGIC OF
REGIONAL PARLIAMENTS AROUND THE WORLD
Bruno Theodoro Luciano
Doctoral Researcher, University of Birmingham, UK brutheodoro@hotmail.com
Abstract: The European Parliament is the first and most acknowledged example of a
regional parliament. Since its establishment in 1952 as the Common Assembly of the
European Community of Coal and Steel (ECCS), it evolved from a consultative assembly to
become a co-legislator alongside the Council of the European Union (Kreppel, 2002; Costa,
2009; Rittberger, 2003). As regional integration projects were created worldwide, other
regional parliaments were established. Outside of Europe, Latin America and Africa have
seen an expansion of regional parliaments which have followed the development of regional
integration schemes (Medeiros, 2012; Mariano, 2011; Vazquez, 2005; Drummond, 2009;
Cera, 2009; Luciano, 2012, Mpanyane, 2009; Nzewi, 2013; Kingah and Cofelice, 2012;
Ruland, 2012; Deinla, 2013). However, in contrast to the European Parliament, regional
parliaments established in the Global South have not increased their competences. Thus,
although they are seen to enhance mechanisms of parliamentary diplomacy, they do not
have significant policy-making power, which remains exclusively in national or presidential
hands (Malamud and Sousa, 2007).
The proposed study will investigate the development of regional integration parliaments
around the world. The aim is to analyse and compare the expansion and current stage of
some of these regional parliamentary assemblies, which are in Europe (European
Parliaments), Africa (Pan-African Parliament) and Latin America (MERCOSUR Parliament).
The key research question this PhD project seeks to answer is: why have these three
regional integration parliaments reached such different stages of development? And in
particular, why is the European Parliament more powerful and more institutionalised than the
other three assemblies? In order to answer these questions, external (national, regional and
extra-regional) and internal factors will be taken into consideration. A historical institutionalist
lens will guide the analysis, focussing on ‘critical junctures’ in the history of the three
assemblies (Pierson, 1998). The main argument of this project is that the differences
between the three regional integration projects have shaped the development of the
parliamentary assemblies over time, hindering the EU’s mimetic potential worldwide. These
differences produced fundamental limitations to the accomplishment of EU normative
diffusion in regions marked by a diversity of political and historical traditions.
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Keywords: European Parliament, MERCOSUR Parliament, Pan-African Parliament, Regional
Integration, Regional Parliaments.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION.
References:
Borzel, Tanja; Risse, Thomas (2009), “Diffusing (Inter-) Regionalism: The EU as a Model of
Regional Integration”. KFG Working Paper Series, No. 7, Kolleg-Forschergruppe (KFG),
The Transformative Power of Europe, Free University Berlin, September.
Cera, Silvana (2009). “Las elecciones directas en el Parlamento Andino: un camino para
fortalecer su papel como institución promotora de la integración”. Revista de Derecho, n. 32,
Barranquilla.
Corbett, Richard (1998), The European Parliament's Role in Closer EU Integration (Palgrave
Macmillan).
Costa, Olivier (2009), “Le parlement européen dans le système décisionnel de l’Union
européenne : la puissance au prix de l’illisibilité”. Politique européenne, n° 28, 2009/02.
Deinla, Imelda (2013), “Giving the ASEAN Inter-Parliamentary Assembly a Voice in the
ASEAN Community”, International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance
(International IDEA).
Dri, Clarissa (2010), “Limits of Institucional Mimesis of the European Union: The case of the
Mercosur Parliament”, Latin American Policy, vol.1, n.1, pp. 52-74.
Follesdal, Andreas; Hix, Simon (2006), “Why There is a Democratic Deficit in the EU: A
Response to Majone and Moravcsik.” JCMS, Vol. 44, No. 3, pp. 533–62.
Hay, Colin; Wincott, Daniel (1998), “Structure, Agency and Historical Institutionalism”,
Political Studies, XLVI, pp. 951-957.
Hix, Simon; Noury, Abdul; Roland, Gérard (2006), “Dimensions of Politics in the European
Parliament”, American Journal of Political Science, Vol. 50, No. 2 (Apr), pp. 494-511.
Kingah, Stephen; Cofelice, Andrea (2012), “EU’s Engagement with African (Sub)Regional
Parliaments of ECOWAS, SADC, the EAC and the AU”. UNU-CRIS Working Papers.
Kreppel, Amie (2002), The European Parliament and Supranational Party System: a study in
institutional development (Cambridge University Press).
Lenz, Tobias (2013), “EU normative power and regionalism: Ideational diffusion and its
limits”, Cooperation and Conflict, 48: 211.
Luciano, Bruno T (2012), “A Inclusão da Representatividade Direta no Parlamento do
Mercosul. Boletim de Economia e Política Internacional, Ed.11, Brasília.
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Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 40
Mahoney, James; Rueschemeyer, Dietrich (2003), “Comparative Historical Analysis:
achievements and agenda”. In Mahoney, James; Rueschemeyer, Dietrich. Comparative
Historical Analysis in Social Sciences (Cambridge University Press).
Malamud, Andrés; Sousa, Luís de (2007), “Regional Parliaments in Europe and Latin
America: Between Empowerment and Irrelevance”. In Hoffmann, Andrea Ribeiro and van
der Vleuten, Anna (eds.), Closing or Widening the Gap? Legitimacy and Democracy in
Regional International Organizations (Aldershot: Ashgate).
Manners, Ian (2002), “Normative Power Europe: a Contradiction in term?” JCMS, Vol. 40,
No.2.
Mariano, Karina (2011), “The Parliamentary Dimension of Mercosur”. Paper Presented at
Joint IPSA-ECPR Conference, São Paulo, 16 Feb.
Medeiros, Marcelo (2008), “Legitimidade, Democracia e Accountability no Mercosul”.
Revista Brasileira de Ciências Sociais, vol. 23, no. 67, junho.
Mpanyane, Saki (2009), “Transformation of the Pan-African Parliament: A path to a
legislative body?” ISS Paper 181.
Nzewi, Ogochukwu (2013), “Influence and Legitimacy in African Regional Parliamentary
Assemblies: The Case of the Pan-African Parliament’s Search for Legislative Powers”.
Journal of Asian and African Studies, 0 (0).
Pierson, Paul (1998), “The Path to European Integration: a historical-institucionalist
analysis”. In Sandholtz, W.; Sweet, A (Orgs). European Integration and Supranational
Governance (Oxford University Press).
Rittberger, Berthold (2003), “The Creation and Empowerment of the European Parliament.”
JCMS, Vol. 41, No 2, pp. 203-25.
Ruland, Jurgen (2012), “The Limits of Democratizing Interest Representation: Asean's
Regional Corporatism and Normative Challenges”. European Journal of International
Relations, 0 (0).
Sil, Rudra (2009), “Area Studies, Comparative Politics, and the Role of Cross-Regional
Small-N Comparison”, Qualitative & Multi-Method Research, Fall.
Thelen, Kathleen (1999), “Historical Institutionalism in Comparative Politics”. Annu. Rev.
Polit. Sci. 2.
Vázquez, Mariana (2005), “The Parliament Dimension of Regional Integration. A
Comparison of the European Union and MERCOSUR”. Lisboa: CIES e-Working Paper,
No 2.
Vullers, Johannes (2014), “Geographical Patterns of Analysis in IR Research:
Representative Cross-Regional Comparison as a way forward”. GIGA Working Papers, No
254.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years
Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 41
VINASSE APPLICATION AND CESSATION OF BURNING IN
SUGARCANE MANAGEMENT CAN HAVE POSITIVE IMPACT ON
SOIL CARBON STOCKS
Caio Fernandes Zani, Arlete S. Barneze, Andy D. Robertson, Aidan M. Keith, Carlos E. P.
Cerri, Niall P. McNamara, Carlos C. Cerri
Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo and Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre Main author email: caiofzani@gmail.com
Abstract: Recent studies have highlighted the potential for bioenergy crops, such as
sugarcane, to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through soil carbon (C)
sequestration reducing demands for non-renewable fossil fuels. Sugarcane ethanol has
been gaining ground in international markets but improved understanding regarding
management practices is required. Improved sugarcane management practices (e.g.
reduced biomass removal, application of co-products) may be used to provide further
mitigation through increase soil C sequestration, and reduced GHG emission. This study
evaluates the impacts of management practice changes under areas of sugarcane
production in Brazil. We explore how transitions from conventional (mineral fertiliser/burning)
to improved (vinasse application/unburned) practices influence soil C stocks in total and
fractionated soil down to 1 metre. Additionally, the CENTURY model was used to simulate
management changes beyond the temporal extent of measurements. The vinasse
application had higher soil C stock at 0-40cm depth after change from no vinasse
management. The C stock was not different at topsoil (0-20cm) after change from burned to
unburned practice however unburned had higher values at 30-60cm depth. Conversely, C
stocks in the Silt+Clay fraction (<53μm) of topsoil were significantly higher in the unburned
but did not differ for vinasse comparison. Model simulations indicated that vinasse alone was
not the key factor driving increases in soil C stocks but its application may be the most
readily available practice to prevent the soil C losses under burned management. Cessation
of burning may increase topsoil C by 40% after ~50 years. These are the first data relating
management transitions within a single area. Our findings indicate the both vinasse
application and the cessation of burning can play an important role in reducing the payback
time associated with sugarcane for ethanol production.
Keywords: Bioenergy crop, Century model simulations, Loess regression, Management practice changes,
Physical fractionation, Soil carbon profile.
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MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
References:
Goldemberg J, Mello FFC, Cerri CEP, Davies CA, Cerri CC. Meeting the global demand for
biofuels in 2021 through sustainable land use change policy. Energ Policy 2014; 69:14-18.
Fargione J, Hill J, TIlman D, Polasky S, Hawthorne P. Land Clearing and the Biofuel Carbon
Debt. Science 2008; 319(5867):1235-1238.
Mello FC, Cerri CEP, Davies CA, Holbrook NM, Paustian K, Maia SMF, et al. Payback
620 time for soil carbon and sugar-cane ethanol. Nature Climate Change 2014; 4:605–609.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years
Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 43
O SAMPLE COMO ENUNCIAÇÃO IDEOLÓGICA NO DISCURSO DA
CANÇÃO DE PERIFERIA
Camila Cristina de Oliveira Alves
Departamento de Linguística, Universidade Estadual Paulista Department of Comparative Literature and Culture, Queen Mary University of London camila_oliveiralves@hotmail.com
Abstract: O presente trabalho busca desenvolver uma metodologia de análise baseada no
conceito de discurso citado pautado na sociologia da arte, proposto por Volochínov,
linguista e membro do Círculo de Bakhtin, aplicada à canção brasileira de periferia. Desse
modo, propõe-se analisar os recursos de linguagem utilizados em gêneros musicais
provenientes do Hip Hop em contexto brasileiro, entre os quais consideramos: Rap, Funk
Carioca e Tecnobrega. Considerando esses gêneros como estéticas periféricas, procura-se
fazer uma reflexão analítica da arte enquanto cultura compartilhada, levando em conta
fatores como produção, recepção e circulação desses discursos, avaliando as relações
dialógicas das canções, observando como se dá o processo de representatividade de
sujeitos pertencentes a dados grupos, bem como a ideologia materializada nesses
enunciados. A utilização massiva de recursos eletrônicos que se configura na atualidade
teve seu início simultaneamente com o surgimento do Hip Hop, movimento permeado de
representatividade, inicialmente oriundo dos guetos, que se manifestou de forma similar,
com suas variantes locais, em diversas partes do mundo, rompendo paradigmas sociais e
estéticos e estabelecendo novas formas de criação artística. Nesse contexto inserem-se os
recursos linguísticos que buscamos analisar: samples e remixagens, que são a prática de
utilizar trechos de registros sonoros executados anteriormente em composições musicais
originais para montar uma nova composição feita desses recortes e colagens, modo de
produção tipicamente pós-moderno. O sample é o trecho musical utilizado, recorte que é
retirado de uma música para ser inserido em novos beats. Esse recurso composicional
característico da linguagem musical eletrônica se manifesta nas canções como uma
representação da alteridade, já que extrai-se a voz do outro para colocá-la em discurso
artístico e ideológico com outro(s), dialogando com a composição antiga, seja para negá-la
ou concordar com o discurso anteriormente feito, agora ressignificado. Levando em
consideração o fato de que a manifestação pela palavra é uma prática relevante para o Hip
Hop, entende-se que é por meio disso que esse movimento agrega indivíduos, por meio da
identificação com esses discursos, pela sua representatividade em determinadas
comunidades. Não se considera nesta pesquisa a estética da colagem como falta de
originalidade, ao contrário disso, sabe-se que esse recurso é tipicamente encontrado em
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years
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outras formas de arte contemporânea. Ainda que no início dessa prática, tenha-se
questionado alguns valores referente às leis de direitos autorais, a estética hip-hop soube
burlar as regras ideologicamente discutindo os valores de propriedade cultural, ao mesmo
tempo em que se inseria no contexto pós-moderno de produção artística. Por meio de um
método qualitativo: descritivo, interpretativo e analítico, portanto, calcamos nossas
categorias de análise no método dialético-dialógico da linguagem do Círculo de Bakhtin,
observando a síncrese de sujeitos enunciadores existente na composição de canções hip-
hop brasileiras, observando as vozes presentes nessas manifestações materializadas em
discursos identitários que dialogam com ouvintes-destinatários num determinado contexto
de produção. O fazer artístico na concepção bakhtiniana de discurso é uma forma especial
de inter-relação entre criador e contemplador fixada em uma obra de arte. Assim,
procuramos demonstrar como esses recursos de citação linguística na música estabelecem
novos modos para essa inter-relação.
Palavras–chave: Análise Linguística, Cultura Popular, Discurso Ideológico, Música Brasileira.
MODALIDADE DE APRESENTAÇÃO: APRESENTAÇÃO DE PÔSTER
Referências
ANDRADE, J. P. Cidade cantada: educação e experiência estética. São Paulo: Editora
UNESP, 2010.
CASSOTTI, R. S. “Music, Answerability, and Interpretation in Bakhtin’s Circle: Reading
together M.M. Bakhtin, I.I. Sollertinsky, and M.v. Yudina”, in Orekhov, B.V. Chronotope and
Environs, Fetschift N. Pan’kov, Ufá, Vagant, 2010, pp. 113-120.
STAM, R. Bakhtin da teoria literária à cultura de massa. São Paulo: Ática, 1992.
TATIT, L. A. de M. Semiótica da canção: melodia e letra. 3ed. São Paulo: Editora Escuta,
2007.
VOLOCHÍNOV, V. N. A Construção da Enunciação e outros ensaios. Tradução de J. W.
Geraldi. São Carlos: Pedro & João Editores, 2013.
______. Marxismo e filosofia da linguagem. São Paulo: Hucitec, 2009.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years
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MICROFOSSILS AND HOW THEY PUT FUEL IN YOUR CAR
Carlos D’Apolito
Earth Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK carlosdapolito@gmail.com
Abstract: Microscopic fossils are fragments of or entire organisms hardly or not seen with
the naked eye. They are widespread in the deep time geological record and constitute one of
the best archives about Earth’s history. Examples of these are pollen, spores, benthic and
planktonic calcareous algae, dinoflagellates, etc. As with all beings, they appear and
disappear only once in their span of existence. We take advantage of this unique feature of
species to study their stratigraphical ranges, i.e. their distribution in sequences of rocks and
thus we can correlate distant rock beds based on the microfossils they hold. Also, by
coupling independent radiometric dating techniques to microfossil occurrences, ages can be
assigned to fossil species and therefore they become age indicators. This work is termed
‘biostratigraphy’ and it has direct uses in geology, with a special focus in the oil industry.
Knowing the age of a rock is sometimes a hard task and such information is a precious
commodity for geologists. As a biostratigrapher, it is my job to carefully distinguish between
hundreds to thousands of different microfossil morphologies and record their presence and
abundance patterns through time. This knowledge is then used to solve many geological
problems that in turn help the prospection of oil. In this talk, I will elaborate on the
foundations of biostratigraphy, give examples of its microfossil constituents, including my
doctoral work on the history of Amazonia, and show applications in basic science and
industry, demonstrating how the study of organisms under the microscope is an everyday
work that helps fill our vehicles with fuel.
Keywords: biostratigraphy, geology, microfossils, oil industry.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
List of references:
Armstrong, H. A. & Brasier, M. D. (2005) Microfossils, 2nd ed. Oxford: Blackwell, 296 pp.
Hoorn, C., Wesselingh, F.P., ter Steege, H., Bermudez, M.A., Mora, A., Sanmartín, J.S.I.,
Sanchez-Meseguer, A., Anderson, C.L., Figueiredo, J.P., Jaramillo, C., Riff, D.D., Negri,
F.R., Hooghiemstra, H., Lundberg, J., Stadler, T., Sarkinen, T., Antonelli, A. (2010a).
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Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 46
Amazonia through time: Andean uplift, climate change, landscape evolution and biodiversity.
Science, 330: 927–931.
Jansonius, J. and McGregor, D. C. (1996) Palynology, principles and applications.
Dallas, American Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists Foundation.
Jaramillo, C.A., Rueda, M., Vladimir, T. (2011) A palynological zonation for the Cenozoic of
the Llanos and Llanos Foothills of Colombia. Palynology, 35, 46–84.
Traverse, A. (2007) Paleopalynology, 2nd ed. Dordrecht: Springer, pp. 813.
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NEW APPROACHES TO DEVELOP NOVEL LEPTOSPIROSIS
VACCINES
Carlos Eduardo Pouey da Cunha1,2, Odir Antonio Dellagostin2 and Johnjoe McFadden1
1Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK 2Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil cpouey@gmail.com / c.cunha@surrey.ac.uk
Abstract: Leptospirosis is a re-emerging worldwide zoonotic disease caused by pathogenic
Leptospira spp, which comprise more than 300 serovars [1]. Humans are usually infected by
contact with water or soil contaminated with urine of infected animals [2]. Illness ranges from
asymptomatic infection, a flu-like disease or, in severe cases, haemorrhagic pulmonary
syndrome or Weil’s disease [1,2]. The latest prediction (2015) estimates approximately 1
million cases and 58,900 mortalities per year in humans [3]. Main preventive measures are
investments in infrastructure and sanitation and vaccination of animals [4]. Even though
effective, current vaccines are reatogenic, serovar-specific and have limited time-range
protection, being allowed for human use in a few countries only [5]. Recombinant subunit
vaccines have the potential to overcome these issues. However, a target that is able to
confer long-lasting, cross-protective immunization is still to be discovered. Because
pathogenic Leptospira spp. have many proteins with redundant functions, we’ve decided to
immunize hamsters with recombinant chimeras comprised of a myriad of OMPs. This
approach has yielded promising results and more antigens or alternative ways of antigen
presentation are currently being assessed (data not yet published). Furthermore, we are
screening outer membrane proteins with convalescent sera of human leptospirosis patients
in order to find novel proteins recognized by the immune system with the potential for
vaccine development [6]. This way, we aim to develop a safe, cross-protective vaccine
capable of conferring long-lasting immunization for both human and animal subjects.
Keywords: Immuneproteome, leptospirosis, vaccine development, zoonosis.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: POSTER PRESENTATION.
Bibliography
1. Adler B. Leptospira and Leptospirosis. Springer; 2015. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-
03858-7
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2. Ko AI, Goarant C, Picardeau M. Leptospira: the dawn of the molecular genetics era
for an emerging zoonotic pathogen. Nat Rev Microbiol. Nature Publishing Group; 2009;7:
736–47. doi:10.1038/nrmicro2208
3. Costa F, Hagan JE, Calcagno J, Kane M, Torgerson P, Martinez-Silveira MS, et al.
Global morbidity and mortality of leptospirosis: a systematic review. PLoS Negl Trop Dis.
2015; 1–19. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0003898
4. McBride AJA, Athanazio DA, Reis MG, Ko AI. Leptospirosis. Curr Opin Infect Dis.
2005;18: 376–386. doi:10.1097/01.qco.0000178824.05715.2c
5. Dellagostin OA, Grassmann AA, Hartwig DD, Félix SR, da Silva ÉF, McBride AJA.
Recombinant vaccines against leptospirosis. Hum Vaccin. 2011;7: 1215–24.
doi:10.4161/hv.7.11.17944
6. Newcombe J, Mendum TA, Ren CP, McFadden J. Identification of the
immunoproteome of the meningococcus by cell surface immunoprecipitation and MS.
Microbiol (United Kingdom). 2014;160: 429–438. doi:10.1099/mic.0.071829-0
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MULTILAYER MEMBRANES FOR INTERMEDIATE
TEMPERATURE POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS AT LOW
HUMIDITY
Carolina Musse Branco, Surbhi Sharma, Robert Steinberger-Wilckens
The Centre for Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Research School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom Cmb376@bham.ac.uk
Abstract: Climate change and the fossil fuels exhaustion create the need to research and
develop clean energy generation systems. Fuel cells (FC) are one of the promising
alternatives. It is a device, which transforms chemical energy to electrical energy through
hydrogen oxidation and oxygen reduction and has only heat and water as directly by-
products. Among the diverse types of FCs, Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell (PEFC) has been
highlighted for automotive applications. The operating temperature for a standard PEFC is
80 to 100 °C. Recent studies have shown that if this operating temperature is increased to
intermediate temperatures (IT) as 120 °C, the overall PEFC performance should also
enhance. At this temperature, the chemical reactions are accelerated and the water and heat
management are facilitated. The water is expected to be in the vapour phase, simplifying the
gas flow channels and pressure maintenance. The temperature difference between external
environment and the FC also increases and heat rejection and removal by heat exchangers
is enhanced. Smaller cooling systems can therefore be used reducing the weight and
economic costs of PEFC systems. However, some PEFC components do not perform
satisfactorily at 120 °C, compromising the whole IT- PEFC set up. The polymer membrane is
one such component.
In the core of a PEFC, there are two electrodes and a membrane. This membrane has three
main functions: i) proton transport; ii) electrons insulation enabling external current flow; iii)
impermeability to the fuel gases. Water present inside the membrane is responsible for the
proton transport. The current commercial standard membrane is Nafion® from Du Pont Co.
Although it displays outstanding performance at 80 °C, it decays under IT-PEFC conditions if
not humidified. Moreover, Nafion cannot hold enough water at 120 °C. In this study, a
multilayer membrane (MM) which would be able to hold water and consequently keep the
proton conductivity at IT and low humidity conditions is investigated. This would make the
humidification set up simpler, reducing the overall cost and complexity of a FC. The MM is
composed of two external layers of Nafion and one inner layer of graphene oxide (GO). GO
in the inner layer is able to hold water through its hydrophilic polar groups at 120 °C.
However, it needs external layers to provide the mechanical structure and to keep the
dimensions restricted. The membranes were developed by two methods, hot pressing and
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casting. The cast Nafion/GO/Nafion with 4.5 wt.% and 2.5 wt.% of GO showed proton
conductivity 6 and 3.5x higher than Nafion single layer with 20% of relative humidity (RH)
and 2.3 and 1.6x with 60 % of RH respectively. Nafion water uptake was found to be 18%,
while for the cast MM with 2.5 wt.% and 4.5 wt.% GO the water uptake was 32% and 27%,
respectively. Accordingly, GO affects the retention of water. After the preliminary
evaluations, the MM showed a good perspective to be applied in IT-PEFC contributing to
superior overall performance.
Keywords: Fuel Cell, Graphene Oxide, Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell, Proton Exchange Membrane
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL PRESENTATION
References
[1] C.M. Branco, S. Sharma, M.M. de Camargo Forte, R. Steinberger-Wilckens, Journal of
Power Sources, 316 (2016) 139-159.
[2] A. Chandan, M. Hattenberger, A. El-kharouf, S. Du, A. Dhir, V. Self, B.G. Pollet, A.
Ingram, W. Bujalski, Journal of Power Sources, 231 (2013) 264-278.
[3] H. Zarrin, D. Higgins, Y. Jun, Z. Chen, M. Fowler, The Journal of Physical Chemistry C,
115 (2011) 20774-20781.
[4] J. Larmine, A. Dicks, Fuel Cell System Explained, John Wiley & Sons, 2003.
[5] W. Gao, G. wu, M.T. Janicke, D.A. Cullen, R. Mukundan, J.K. Baldwin, E.L. Brosha, C.
Galande, P.M. Ajayan, K.L. More, A.M. Dattelbaum, P. Zelany, Angewandte Chemie, 126
(2014) 3662 –3667.
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THE GEOGRAPHIES OF ACADEMIC CONFERENCES ON
REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN BRAZIL, 1986-2013
Christiane Fabíola Momm
Regional University of Blumenau – FURB, Brazil/Loughborough University, UK christifabi@gmail.com/C.Momm@lboro.ac.uk
Abstract: The geography of academic meetings has been less extensively studied than
other aspects in the history, sociology and geography of scientific knowledge. Therefore, the
aim of this PhD research is to analyze the development and spatial reach of two major
academic conference series on regional development in Brazil: the International Seminar of
Regional Development (SIDR) organized by the Regional University of Santa Cruz do Sul
(UNISC) and the National Meeting of the National Association in Regional and Urban
Planning in Postgraduate and Research Programs (ENANPUR). The research uses a mixed
methodology considering the quantitative and qualitative aspects of secondary data.
According to the first findings, there has been an increase in the number of delegates and
papers presented in these two conferences over the past ten years, with a relatively positive
gender balance. There is a paradox concerning geographical reach of these two
conferences. The International Seminar of Regional Development (SIDR) always takes place
in same city Santa Cruz do Sul in the South of Brazil and is an “international” meeting but
has very few attendees from overseas. In contrast, ENANPUR is called a national meeting,
but constantly changes its location within Brazil and presenters from more than 15 different
international institutions and universities have attended in the last two decades.
Keywords: Academic conferences, Brazil, Geography, Regional Development.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION.
References
BATHELT, H., & SCHULDT, N. (2008) Between Luminaires and Meat Grinders: International
Trade Fairs as Temporary Clusters. Regional Studies, 42: 6, pp. 853-868.
DELANEY, D. (2005) Territory: a short introduction. Oxford – UK: Blackwell publishing.
EPPLE, A. (1997) Organizing Scientific Meetings. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University
Press LTD.
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Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 52
HEFFERNAN, M.; JÖNS, H. (2013) Research travel and disciplinary identities in the
University of Cambridge, 1885–1955. The British Journal for the History of Science,
46:02, June, pp. 255 – 286.
LIVINGSTONE, D. N. (2013) Putting science in its place: geographies of scientific
knowledge. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
MCCALL, T. (2010). What do we mean by Regional Development?
NAYLOR, S. (2005) Introduction: historical geographies of science – places, contexts,
cartographies. The British Journal for the History of Science, 38:1, March, pp. 1 – 12.
OGBORN, M. (2004) Geographia’s pen: writing, geography and the arts of commerce, 1660
– 1760. Journal of Historical Geography, 1:30, pp.294-315.
POWELL, R. C. (2007) Geographies of science: histories, localities, practices, futures.
Progress in Human Geography, 31:3, pp. 309–329.
SHAPIN, S. (1998) Placing the view from nowhere: historical and sociological problems in
the location of Science. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, v. 23, pp.
5–12.
STOREY, D. (2012) Territories: the claiming of space. New York: Routledge.
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CALVARIAL OSTEOGENESIS AT THE NEURAL-CREST
MESODERM INTERFACE
Daniel Doro, Kshemendra Senarath-Yapa, William Barrell, Heather Szabo-Rogers, Marc
Dionne, Agamemnon Grigoriadis, Karen Liu
King’s College London – Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology daniel.doro@kcl.ac.uk
Abstract: The skull bones are derived from two different embryonic lineages: the neural crest
and mesoderm(1). Intriguingly, neural crest-derived frontal osteoblasts appear more
osteogenic than those derived from the mesodermal parietal bone(2,3,4). Whether the
mesodermal osteoblasts require specific signals from the underlying neural crest-derived
dura mater and the adjacent frontal bone is still not well described. Our lineage traced
osteogenic differentiation reveals that isolated parietal osteoblasts have very little capability
of making mineralized nodules in vitro, whereas frontal osteoblasts are significantly more
efficient in this task. However, when cultured together, parietal osteoblasts can now
contribute equivalently to nodule formation, suggesting that frontal osteoblasts provide cues
promoting the osteogenic programme. Furthermore, comparative immunoblots of the
isolated populations reveal increased endogenous activation of canonical Wnt signalling in
frontal osteoblasts. Also, microarray analysis reveals upregulation of the Wnt antagonist
SOSTDC1 in frontal osteoblasts, potentially suggesting a mechanism of compensation for
the enhanced Wnt signalling found in these cells. We are currently testing the possibility that
in vivo, the parietal osteoblasts respond to cues provided by the underlying neural crest-
derived dura mater(5,6,7). To identify these novel osteogenic signals we also present
microarray and kinase profiling.
Keywords: Boundary, Calvaria, Development, Mesoderm, Neural Crest, Wnt regulation
PRESENTATION MODALITY: POSTER PRESENTATION / 3 MINUTE + 1 SLIDE
References
Jiang et al., Devel Biol 2002
Quarto et al., JBMR 2010 -Li S
Quarto N and Longaker M Plos One 2010
Li S et al., Plos One 2015 Lineage tracing
Muzumdar et al., Genesis 2007
Danielan et al., Current Biology 1998
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Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 54
Sosic et al., Cell 2003
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years
Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 55
A BRAZILIAN WRITER IN THE WAR: ANTONIO CALLADO’S
ENGLISH YEARS DURING THE SECOND WORLD WAR
Daniel Mandur Thomaz
University of Oxford daniel.mandurthomaz@spc.ox.ac.uk
Abstract: Discovered in BBC archives, unknown documents and original radio-drama
scripts written by Brazilian writer and journalist Antônio Callado (1917-1997), and broadcast
by the BBC during World War II, call for a radical reassessment of the role and production of
this politically and socially engaged intellectual, a key figure in allowing us to better
understand the relationship between Aesthetics and Politics in Brazil. Antônio Callado,
considered by critics including Raymond L. Williams (2007), as one of the major Latin
American novelists of the 20th century, played an emblematic role within political
movements of resistance against authoritarianism during the years of military dictatorship in
Brazil (1964-1985), both on a personal level, through his repeated persecution and
imprisonment, and in his writing. Current studies on Callado abide by a consensus that dates
the beginning of his literary output to the 1950s (Leite, 1984; Ridenti, 2002; Martineli, 2006).
Yet, as a young writer and journalist during the '40s, he was hired by the BBC Latin
American Service to work in London, covering World War II, a seminal experience that
enabled him to sharpen his global perspective on political issues in Latin America and
beyond. Mindful of the significance of this period in the author’s career, this paper takes as
its starting point my recent discovery of hitherto forgotten documents and scripts, in order to
understand the development of his career, his literary production and his place in recent
Brazilian cultural history.
Keywords: Antônio Callado, Radio-drama, Brazilian Literature, BBC
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
References:
Leite, Ligia Chiappini (1984) Quando a pátria viaja: uma leitura dos romances de Antonio
Callado. Havana: Casa de las Americas.
Martinelli, Marcos (2006) Antonio Callado: Um Sermonário à Brasileira. São Paulo:
Annablume.
Ridenti, Marcelo (2002) A guerrilha de Antonio Callado. In: KUSHNIR, Beatriz (org). Perfis
cruzados: trajetórias e militância política no Brasil. Rio de Janeiro: Imago. p. 23-53.
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Williams, Raymond L. (2007) The Columbia Guide to the Latin American Novel Since 1945.
New York: Columbia University Press
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LITERATURE REVIEW: THE MOST COMMON METASTASIS
MECHANISMS
Daniella Guimarães Cavalcanti Freitas
Queen Mary University of London / Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Daniellagcfreitas@gmail.com
Abstract: Metastasis is composed of various steps, characterised by the spread of cancer
cells from their tissue of origin, followed by growth in other organs. This process has a major
importance to clinical management of cancer patients, once recent studies showed that 60 to
70% of these patients had already initiated the metastatic cascade upon diagnosis and that
patients with small primary tumours and node negative status upon diagnosis have from 15
to 25% risk of devolving metastasis. Therefore, it is clear that the comprehension of each
one of these steps is essential for the design of innovative therapeutic approaches. Albeit,
the metastatic cascade is significantly intricate, once it relies not only on the tumour cell, but
also in the organism as a whole, which makes the metastatic process remain “terra
incognita” for cancer researchers. Notwithstanding, recent papers have displayed relevant
insights, which helped further a little our understanding on the matter, being the objective of
this literature review to summarise our present comprehension. Despite the complex process
composing metastasis, the several studies shown in this review have been able to shed a
light at the characterization of the metastatic steps, and as to why cancer cells acquire
motility. Equally relevant information displayed in this review is regarding some recent
discoveries in the oncology field, such as the existence of a pre-metastatic niche, the tumour
potential of having components with stem cell-like properties, the contribution of the tumour
microenvironment to tumour growth, and the surprising part played by macrophages in
cancer propagation. Despite all of these new information, several details of the metastatic
steps remain unclear. There are various contradictions regarding the characteristics of
metastasis, which are results of the wide research done in this subject. Even though, despite
these contradictions, the important point is that, with each study, we are getting closer to
knowing more metastatic characteristics, and this is essential for the elaboration of new
cancer therapies.
Keywords: Cancer, metastasis, tumour.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: 3 MINUTE + 1 SLIDE PRESENTATION.
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THE UNTOLD STORY OF FINANCIAL EXCLUSION IN BRAZIL: A
REALIST APPROACH TO THE ORIGINS AND DETERMINANTS OF
FINANCIAL PRACTICES IN LOW INCOME COMMUNITIES.
Danielle Santanna,
Economics Division, Leeds University Business School Email: bn13dos@leeds.ac.uk
ABSTRACT
This brief presentation will set out the structure of the thesis project, covering theoretical
background, object of analysis and proposed methodology.
One of the challenges in researching financial exclusion is that this nomenclature
encompasses several very distinct research traditions. The financial inclusion (FI) policies
advocated by national governments and international organizations are radically detached
from the field of research in which the concept emerged, in terms of its assumptions, its
scope and its implications. We follow Gabor (2015) in differentiating between structural and
modern approaches.
The research undertaken here, which can be placed as a “return to origins,” takes as its
object of study the nature of the relationship between low income communities in Brazil and
the financial system, and the ways in which this relationship affects these communities’
vulnerability. It is argued that the model of financial inclusion that prevailed in the country
until the beginning of the 2000’s, and whose construction can be traced back to the 1950’s,
can be characterized as follows: the access of low income populations to the formal financial
system mostly happens through consumer credit, with the intermediation of retail companies,
at a high cost. On the one hand this model ensures widespread access to many types of
durable goods. On the other it is potentially harmful to the financial health of this public. In
addition, when coping with emergencies, this population is still quite vulnerable to informal
financial arrangements, so that "inclusion" did not mean access to a cushion against income
fluctuations.
In order to investigate the structural forces that shape this model, a Critical Realist (CR)
methodology is deployed. According to the CR stratified ontology, to understand the
observable world one must postulate and empirically substantiate the kind of necessary and
contingent relations that produce causal mechanisms that underlie observable events.
Building on Lawson (2006), who argues that those relations can be clustered, our
methodological strategy is to examine those of finance, labour/welfare and social/urban,
which combine, forming a model of FI. Those relations – and combinations – evolve over
time: so assessing the frailty or stickiness of any generative causal mechanism requires that
analysis be historically grounded. Additionally, assuming that causal mechanisms help to
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define what is possible in “everyday life”, the task of identifying them can be facilitated by
capturing everyday experiences and perceptions. This will be done via a case study of
Complexo do Alemão, one of the biggest slums in Rio de Janeiro, which will involve
interviews and a follow-up survey.
Key words: financial exclusion; critical realism; consumer credit
PRESENTATION MODALITY: 3 MINUTE + 1 SLIDE
References
Gabor, D. 2015. Financial exclusion: a critique. IIPPE Annual Conference, 11 September,
Leeds.
Lawson, J.2016. Critical realism and housing research. London: Routledge.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years
Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 65
CARBON CAPTURE PROCESS VIA ADSORPTION TECHNOLOGY
Douglas Soares dos Santos, Joe Wood
University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT. dxs494@bham.ac.uk
Abstract: Separation processes have a large background in the world history, contributing
diverse processes to extract more than just one product from the same raw material.
Additionally, separation processes can open up possibilities to obtain the same product in
different ways, decreasing the obligation to use one raw material to extract only one product.
This technique has been applied since early civilizations, for instance, to obtain salt from the
sea water by evaporation, extract essential essences from flowers, petrol distillation to obtain
countless products and sub products, and other examples (Santos, 2014). The rapid
development and implementation of strategies will be necessary in order to apply solutions
to climate change since this problem is potentially damaging, as reported by the
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (Capros et al., 2010). A task that is
predicted to become even more challenging is the promotion of the control of the increase of
global energy demand (Rubin, 2005). Europe is committed to reducing 80% of emissions of
greenhouse gases until 2050, with defined emission reduction targets and promising to
comply with these goals on a global scale (Stern, 2006). Regarding electricity production,
technologies to reduce the use of carbon have been studied primarily aiming to accomplish a
reduction in the use of fossil fuels on a large scale - the reduction of the use of coal and gas
in plants that need energy sources (UNFCCC, 2011), for example. Emission reduction
proposals can be obtained by: (i) Increased efficiency (up to 20% reduction in CO2
emissions); (ii) Burning biomass with coal (up to 10%), and; (iii) Using CCS technology -
which can reduce emissions from power stations by up to 90% and the potential to
contribute up to 28% in the reduction of global carbon dioxide emissions until 2050
(Department of Trade and Industry, 2007). Nowadays, a variety of separation processes are
commonly applied to treat acidic gases. On the other hand, the main focus of this work is
restricted to the adsorption processes and their attributions, comparing with alternative
separation methods. Adsorption is considered a promising technology to reduce the
emissions of CO2, the main greenhouse gas. Researchers are continually putting a lot of
effort to develop adsorbents with high adsorption capacity, fast kinetics, high selectivity,
good mechanical properties and stability. Nowadays, new conversion/extraction fuel systems
have received more attention in the oil and gas energetic matrix. In parallel, it is extremely
important to relate this process with other newer technologies, such as membrane
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permeation and chromatography. Additionally, Algal bio-fixation of CO2 in photo-bioreactor
has recently become a potential new technique to combine the biochemical technology in
CO2 capture process to reduce the quantity of chemical solvents used and expanding the
microbiology insertion in the oil and gas area. The adsorption process has a variety of
adsorbents which might be applied in the natural gas, biogas, and others processes to
capture carbon from natural sources. Experiments were started in the Laboratory of
Catalysis and Reaction Engineering research group at the University of Birmingham to
develop this project conducted via a high pressure system.
Keywords: Carbon capture project, carbon dioxide, adsorption process, oil and gas, adsorbents.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION.
References
CAPROS, P., MANTZOS, L., TASIOS, N., DE VITA, A., and KOUVARITAKIS, N. EU energy
trends to 2030 - Update 2009, 2010.
DEPARTMENT OF TRADE AND INDUSTRY. Meeting the Energy Challenge: A White Paper
on Energy, 2007.
RUBIN, E., MEYER, L., and DE CONINCK, H. IPCC Special Report: Carbon Dioxide
Capture and Storage, 2005.
SANTOS, Douglas Soares dos. Comparative analysis of separation technologies of CO2
from the natural gas processing. Rio de Janeiro, 2014. Master Dissertation (Chemical and
Biochemical Technology) – School of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio
de Janeiro, 2014.
STERN, N., Stern Review on The Economics of Climate Change, HM Treasury, London,
2006.
UNITED NATIONS FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE (UNFCCC).
Report of the Conference of the Parties on its sixteenth session, held in Cancun from 29
November to 10 December 2010. Part one: Proceedings, 2011.
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FOOD WASTE VALORIZATION: DRIVERS & OPPORTUNITIES
Eduardo Melo
Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, University of York, UK emdm500@york.ac.uk
Abstract: Food supply chain by-products can either be regarded as waste or bioresource.
To date up to 1.3 billion tonnes of food biomass is wasted every year worldwide (1/3 of all
food production) in the several stages of the food supply chain, from which at least 60%
could be avoided. Unavoidable food waste such as fruit peels, bagasses, seeds, husks and
shells is a well known source of biobased chemicals containing both functionality and
heterogeneity necessary for subsequent applications. These chemicals can be extracted
using clean cutting-edge technologies as microwave, ultrasound and supercritical fluid
extraction and green solvents (water, ethanol or no solvent at all). A broad range of
molecules derived from food waste has been reported in literature (volatile compounds,
pectin, cellulose, starch, polyphenols, flavonoids, vitamins, carotenoids, organic acids,
proteins, sugars, etc.) and they have place for application in all sector of chemical industry
(food & nutrition, health & pharma, cosmetics, paints & dyes, biofuels, agrochemicals, etc.).
Nowadays consumers are becoming more and more aware of the unsustainability of our
current petro-based industry as well as of their environmental and health consequences. So
a new bio-based economy is appearing where biorefineries will replace conventional oil
refineries using biorenewable feedstock, clean technologies and green chemistry principles.
Some challenges for using food waste as a bioresource are: creating local biorefineries
capable of dealing with multiple feedstock streams to recover as much chemicals as
possible (zero waste approach); introducing green technologies to emerging economies like
Brazil, which is rich in biomass but lacks on suitable technological platform for biomass
conversion; and the upscaling of such technologies to process large quantities of available
biomass.
Keywords: green chemistry, food waste, biomass, clean technology
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL OR 3 MINUTE + 1 SLIDE PRESENTATION.
References:
Baiano, A. 2014. “Recovery of Biomolecules from Food Wastes — A Review”. Molecules
19, no. 9: 14821–14842. http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/19/9/14821/.
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Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 68
FAO. 2014. FAO statistics. http://faostat3.fao.org/faostat-
gateway/go/to/download/Q/QC/E$%5Cbackslash$nhttp://faostat3.fao.org/.
Matharu, A. S., E. M. de Melo, and J. A. Houghton. 2016. “Opportunity for high value-added
chemicals from food supply chain wastes”. Biore-
sour. Technol. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S096085241630325X.
Pfaltzgraff, L. a., M. De bruyn, E. C. Cooper, V. Budarin, and J. H. Clark. 2013. “Food waste
biomass: a resource for high-value chemicals”. Green Chem. 15 (2): 307–314.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C2GC36978H.
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DOMINATION STRATEGIES IN STRUGGLES OVER MEGA-
EVENTS’ DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS: THE RIO DE JANEIRO AND
THE JOHANNESBURG CASES
Erick Omena de Melo
Oxford Brookes University erick.de.melo-2012@brookes.ac.uk
Abstract: This paper aims to address issues of urban politics that are emerging in semi-
peripheral countries as neoliberal policies boosted by the attraction of sports mega-events
encounter highly unequal and informal environments. By looking at how local governments
have tried to avoid dissent and resistance to land clearance processes associated with
sports mega-events, this work intends to analyse the particular ways in which political
strategies and tactics of domination are taking shape under such conditions.
Using a theoretical framework based on Gramscian concepts, the main research questions
orienting this paper are: 1) how the combination between coercive and
hegemonic/ideological strategies is manifested in different cases of conflicts over
development projects associated with sports mega-events in the so-called developing
nations? And 2) what are the possible correlations between the dominant strategic options in
such conflicts and the levels of urban informality?
Empirical evidence is based on two cases: the regeneration projects related to the
refurbishment of the Ellis Park Stadium in Johannesburg for the 2010 FIFA World Cup and
the Maracanã Stadium in Rio de Janeiro for the 2014 FIFA World Cup. The methodology
consists of semi-structured interviews with community leaders, support groups and local
government officials coupled with the analysis of policy documents, media files, and
academic literature.
As a preliminary result, the author points out that keeping informal settlements as “grey
spaces” is key for the prevalence of coercive strategies over hegemonic tools in the Rio de
Janeiro and Johannesburg cases. The ambiguity of the planning status given to informal
settlements creates room for their criminalization and the discretionary use of a wide range
of state coercion tools. Whilst the Brazilian case showed a prioritization of opaque
government actions combined with intimidation against those challenging public-private
plans, the South African case tended towards the use of co-optation and more violent law
enforcement instruments. Conversely, as identified by other studies undertaken by the
author, hegemonic/ideological tools have been prioritized in countries at the core of the
capitalist world-system.
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Keywords: Domination strategies, FIFA world cup, sports mega-events, urban conflicts, urban
redevelopment.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION.
References
Bourdieu, P. (1986) The forms of capital. In J. G. Richardson (Ed.), Handbook of theory and
research for the sociology of education: 241-258. New York: Greenwood.
Davies J. S. (2012) Network governance theory: a Gramscian critique. Environment and
Planning A 44 2687–2704
Gramsci, A. (1971) Selections from the Prison Notebooks, translated and edited © by
Quintin Hoare and Geoffrey Nowell-Smith.
McFarlane, C. and Waibel, M. (2012) Urban Informalities. Reflections on the Formal and
Informal. London: Ashgate.
Robinson, J. (2002) Global and world cities: a view from off the map. International Journal of
Urban and Regional Research, 26: 531–554.
______. (2014). “New Geographies of Theorizing the Urban: Putting Comparison to Work for
Global Urban Studies.” InThe Routledge Handbook on Cities of the Global South, edited by
S. Parnell and S. Oldfield, 57–70. New York: Routledge.
Roy, A (2005) Urban informality: toward an epistemology of planning. Journal of the
American Planning, Association 71 (2) 147 – 158
______ (2011) Slumdog cities: Rethinking subaltern urbanism. International Journal of
Urban and Regional Research 35(2): 223–238
______ (2014). Worlding the South: toward a post-colonial urban theory. In Parnell, S. and
Oldfield, S. (eds), The Routledge Handbook on Cities of the Global South. London:
Routledge
Wallerstein, E. M. (2004) World-systems analysis: An introduction. Durham, N.C.: Duke
University Press.
Yiftachel, Oren (2009) Critical theory and “gray space”: Mobilization of the colonized. CITY
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IS BRAZIL’S RESEARCH UP-TO-DATE? EVOLUTION OF COUNTRY
IMAGE STUDIES
Fabiana Gondim Mariutti
Leeds Beckett University, UK and CAPES Brasil famariutti@yahoo.com.br
Abstract: In the global economy along with the context of the international business, a
country’s image has become a fundamental topic in research for its status quo, competition,
and progress. Therefore, a number of conceptual terminologies have attempted to advance
themselves into theories as an evolution of this field of knowledge. ‘Country promotion’ has
been slightly evolved since the beginning of the 20th century undertaking diverse approaches
and little theoretical development. Since the 60s, the country-of-origin construct has been
extensively researched in international marketing by investigating the image of a country
mostly using quantitative methods. In 1987, ‘nation marketing’ was first created in the United
States of America yet not expansively studied in academia. The past thirty years have seen
increasingly rapid advances in the field of place branding (e.g., identity and image) in Europe
and Asia; nevertheless, nation branding started to become a more solid international
research domain after 2000. In 1996, the term ‘nation brand’ is originally coined in London,
England; since then, several countries have been ‘unit of analyses’ for different research
designs, theoretical perspectives, and governmental purposes. Furthermore, country
branding and nation branding are being used interchangeably in the literature for in-depth
review depending on the purpose of the research country’s needs. Although the foundation
of country branding studies is acknowledged within several disciplines, involving numerous
stakeholders and conveying multidimensional perceptions, the contextualization of a country
image per se is definitely neither fixed nor transitory. Therefore, the aim of this current
debate is to argue about Brazil’s stage in the international research arena regarding country
image and perhaps, advance in its nation branding studies. To date, this ongoing work has
indicated there is lack of research on Brazil comparing to other countries worldwide. Most
studies about Brazil’s image are on international business, followed by tourism; moreover,
these particular studies are equally quantitative or qualitative in regards to methods, followed
by mixed-methods or conceptual papers as well. In addition, this study has found that
continuous examinations of country image are needed in order to manage and enhance the
reputation of a country. Overall, this study strengthens the idea that Brazil is still unexplored
in regards to country image investigations and potential theoretical frameworks and
innovative methodologies could critically justify original themes for further research. Whilst
this study is not completed yet, it partly authenticates the significance of the topic while
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Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 72
debating the theoretical opportunities, investing in potential research, and participating in
conferences internationally.
Keywords: Brazil’s image, country image, country-of-origin, international business, place branding,
nation brand.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: 3 MINUTES + 1 SLIDE PRESENTATION.
List of references:
Anholt, S. (2007) Competitive Identity: the new brand management for nations, cities, and
regions. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Creswell, J.W. (2014) Research Design: qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods
approaches. 4th ed. International student edition. Los Angeles: Sage.
Dinnie, K. (2016) Nation Branding: Concepts, Issues, Practice. 2nd edition. Oxon:
Routledge.
Fan, Y. (2010) Branding the nation: Towards a better understanding. Place Branding and
Public Diplomacy, 6: 97–103.
Gudjonsson, H. (2005) Nation branding. Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 1 (3):
283–298.
Gertner, D. (2011) Unfolding and configuring two decades of research and publications on
place marketing and place branding. Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 7 (2): 91-106.
Jaffe, E. D. and Nebenzahl, I. D. (2001) National Image and Competitive Advantage.
Copenhagen: Copenhagen Business School Press.
Kaneva, N. (2011). Nation branding: Toward an agenda of critical research. International
Journal of Communication, 5:117-141.
Kavaratzis, M. (2005) Place Branding: A Review of Trends and Conceptual Models. The
Marketing Review, 5: 329-342.
Kotler, P.; Haider, D. and Rein, I. (1993) Marketing Places: Attracting Investment, Industry,
and Tourism to Cities, States, and Nations. New York: The Free Press.
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Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 73
Mariutti, F.G. (2015) Reflections on the challenging mission of the country brand construct in
the international business setting. ESPM Internext. São Paulo, 10 (3): 58-70.
Moilanen, T. and Rainisto, S. (2009) How to Brand Nations, Cities, and Destinations: a
planning book for place branding. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Olins, W. (2013) Nation Branding [Online] Speech at the CI-Convention on Nation
Branding, in Graz. Available from: <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bc-
N1Upvgr8andapp=desktop> [Accessed 4 November 2013]
Roth, K.P. and Diamantopoulos, A. (2009) Advancing the country image construct. Journal
of Business Research, 62: 726-740.
Skinner, H. (2008) The emergence and development of place marketing's confused identity.
Journal of Marketing Management, 24 (9-10): 915-928.
Warnaby, G. (2009) Towards a service-dominant place marketing logic. Marketing Theory,
9 (4): 403-423.
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Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 74
RURAL GEOGRAPHY AND GLOBALIZATION: BUILDING A
THEORETICAL APPROACH FROM BRAZIL IN THE
CONTEMPORARY WORLD
Felipe da Silva Machado
Human Geography, Plymouth University
felipe.dasilvamachado@plymouth.ac.uk
The literature of rural geography in Brazil is mainly constituted by agricultural economies and
analysis of agricultural policies, such as institutional change, agricultural technological
development, rural-urban migration, which emphasize the empirical evidence of how
structural factors improve agricultural production. The repercussion of the challenges for
rural areas in developing world in the early twenty-first century such as the political
economies of new strategies for economic development based on the use and management
of resources and the resilience of rural communities have been paid little attention in the
Brazilian academic debate.
However, the complexity present in Brazilian countryside and its spatial diversity contribute
to better understanding the multidirectional and multidimensional paths in the global
countryside, going beyond the view of economic space only subject to external interferences
that demand resources such as food and energy. Rural studies in Europe have discussed
that the rural also face increasing competition from industry, residential development,
services and environmental functions so that new uses have created opportunity and conflict
which are reflected in distinctive land uses (Marsden et al., 1993; Wilson, 2007; Woods,
2011).
In summary, against linear and structural thinking concerning rural development, I argue that
little attention has been paid to investigating the rural by combining macro-political economy
with the analysis of local strategies in Brazil. Thus, this paper aims to debate the changes of
contemporary Brazilian rural geography under the context of its dramatic socio-economic
integration into global capitalism by focusing on rural communities.
Keywords: Brazil, globalization, rural communities, rural change, rural geography, rural studies.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
References
Marsden, T., Murdoch, J., Lowe, P., Munton, R. and Flynn, A. (1993). Constructing the
Countryside. UCL Press, London.
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Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 75
Wilson, G.A. (2007). Multifunctional Agriculture: A Transition Theory Perspective. CABI,
Wallingford.
Woods, M. (2011). Rural. Routledge, Abingdon-New York.
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CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN YERBA MATE
Matta, F. V.; Ward, N. I.
University of Surrey f.vanonimatta@surrey.ac.uk
Abstract: Ilex Paraguariensis, popularly known as “Yerba Mate”, is a native plant from
South America naturally grown, covering the areas of Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay. The
most popular way to be consumed is through an infusion made by dried leaves in a
traditional cup, without prejudice of tea bags or even iced tea infusions. Disregarding the
existence of researches that correlate the consumption of this infusion to cancer, recent
researches show significant levels of antioxidants in it. There is an alleged immense variety
of health benefits resulted from its consumption, even tough there is a lack of conclusive
researches on that field. The main purpose of this research is to develop the chemical
analysis of trace elements in yerba mate through ICP-MS, comparing the Brazilian and
Argentine products, specially regarding the mensuration of Manganese levels present in
leaves and infusions. Thus, it is necessarily the proposition of a method that simulates inside
laboratory the traditional consumption of yerba mate in South America and also evaluates
the digestion method of dried leaves. This research will contribute to the local producers in
South America as it will allow them to get familiarized with their own product, so as the local
communities that traditionally consume these infusions.
Keywords: ICP-MS; Trace Elements, Yerba Mate
MODE OF PRESENTATION: POSTER PRESENTATION (IF POSSIBLE, ALSO THE 3 MINUTE + 1
SLIDE PRESENTATION)
References:
Bracesco, N.; et al. Recent advances on Ilex paraguariensis research: Minireview. Journal of
Ethnopharmacology 136 (2011), 378–384
Boaventura, B. C. B.; et al. Enhancement of bioactive compounds content and antioxidant
activity of aqueous extract of mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St. Hil.). Food Research
International, 53 (2013), 686–692
Donnelly, C. M. The Characterisation and delivery of flavonoids and other minor
components in traditional food ingredients. 2015. 321. PhD Thesis. University of Surrey
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TOWARDS A DANCE HIGHLIGHTED BY SHADOW AND DARKNESS
Flaviana Xavier Antunes Sampaio
PhD Candidate in Dance at the University of Chichester (CAPES Proc nº 0601/14-4) Assistant Professor at the Southwest Bahia State University (UESB – Drama and Dance courses) flavianasampaio@yahoo.com.br
Abstract: This is an overview of my practice-led PhD regarding the possibilities of shadow
to distort a dancer’s appearance in performance. It includes a concept of shadow which I
justify by sharing misunderstandings in this subject. In addition, this article looks at the
properties of shadows involved in my work designed as a live solo performance. The
proposed Practice-led Research methodology includes an iterative cycle involving: 1. Studio
experiments involving the manipulation of the human figure through conventional and
alternative devices of lighting leading a performance; 2. Analysis of literature review on
scenography and stage lighting (Abulafia (2016), Allain and Harvie (2014), Aronson (2005,
2010), Baugh (2005), Butterworth and McKinney (2009), Collins and Nisbet (2010), Crisafulli
(2013), Howard (2009), Huxley and Witts (2002), Iball and McKinney (2011) and Palmer
(2013); 3. Analysis of relevant artforms works that focus on the relationship between shadow
and lighting - Mhmmmhm (2002) by Fred Eerdekens, 6 (2014) by Tao Dance Theatre and
«both,and» (2015) by Russell Maliphant Dance company. In discussing my practices, I
argue that shadows from a moving body are ephemeral and unpredictable. I should note that
this research is provisional, largely visual, and has been theorised via philosophies of
shadows (Abram 2011, Sorensen 2011, Casati 2004 and 2005, Wagner 2005 and Tanizaki
2001) and studies on perception (Arnheim 2004, Baudrillard 2000 and Deleuze 2002 and
2006).
Keywords: Dancer, shadow, distortion.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: POSTER PRESENTATION
References:
Abram, D. (2011) Becoming animal: an earthly cosmology. New York: Vintage Books
Abulafia, Y. (2016) The Art of Light on Stage: Lighting in Contemporary Theatre. Oxon:
Routledge
Arnheim, R. (1974/2004) Art and visual perception: a psychology of the creative eye,
London: University of California Press.
Allain, P. and Harvie, J. (2014) The Routledge Companion to Theatre and Performance (2nd
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Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 78
ed.) Oxon: Routledge
Aronson, A. (2005) Looking Into the Abyss: Essays on Scenography. Michigan: University of
Michigan Press
Aronson, A. (2010) "Postmodern design" in Collins, J. and Nisbet, A. (edt.) Theatre and
performance design: A reader in scenography. Oxon: Routledge
Baudrillard, J. (2000) The Vital Illusion. Edit. By Julia Witwer. New York: Columbia University
Press
Baugh, C. (2005) Theatre, performance and technology: The development of scenography in
the twentieth century. New York: Palgrave Macmillan
Butterworth, P. and McKinney, J. (2009) The Cambridge Introduction to Scenography.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Casati, R. (2005) “Shadow tales of knowledge and power”. Translated from the Italian by
Milena Nuti. In klædefabrik (edt.) Shadow play: shadow and light in contemporary art.
Heidelberg: Kehrer.
Casati, R. (2004) Shadows: Unlocking Their Secrets, from Plato to Our Time. Translated
from the Italian by Asher, B. Vintage Books: New York
Collins, J. and Nisbet, A. (2010) Theatre and performance design: A reader in scenography.
Oxon: Routledge
Crisafulli, F. (2013) Active Light: Issues of Light in Contemporary Theatre. Dublin:
Artdiland.com Ltd
Deleuze, G. (1993/2006) The Fold: Leibniz and the Baroque. London: Continuum
Deleuze, G. (1981/2002) Francis Bacon: The Logic of Sensation. Minneapolis: University of
Minnesota Press
Howard, P. (2009) What Is Scenography? 2nd edt. London: Routledge
Huxley, M. and Witts, N. (2002) The Twentieth-Century Performance Reader Paperback.
London: Routledge
Iball, H and McKinney (2011) “Researching Scenography”, in Kershaw, B and Nicholson, H
(edt.) Research Methods in Theatre and Performance. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University
Press
Palmer, S. (2013) Light: Reading in Theatre Practice. London: Palgrave Macmillan
Sorensen, R. (2011) Seeing Dark Things: The Philosophy of Shadows. Oxford: Oxford
University Press
Tanizaki, J. (1933/2001) In Praise of Shadows. Translated from the Japanese, by Harper, T.
& Seidensticker, E. London: Vintage Books
Wagner, A. (2005) “The shadow in art history”. Translated from the German by Jeanne
Haunschild. In klædefabrik (edt.) Shadow play: shadow and light in contemporary art.
Heidelberg: Kehrer.
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DANÇANDO COM A PRÓPRIA SOMBRA
Flaviana Xavier Antunes Sampaio
Doutoranda em Dança na Universidade of Chichester (CAPES Proc nº 0601/14-4)
Professora Assistente da Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB – Licenciatura em Dança e Licenciatura em Teatro)
flavianasampaio@yahoo.com.br
Resumo: De acordo com Roberto Casati (2005, p. 44) a ‘sombra de uma pessoa
inicialmente aparenta segui-la; independente do movimento da pessoa, a sombra a
obedece. Mas, é mesmo sombra tão fiel e passiva?’ (tradução minha). Desde setembro
2014 desenvolvo uma pesquisa liderada pela prática na qual busco diálogos expressivos
entre dançarino e sua sombra. A cada semana realizo experimentos em um teatro a partir
da interação de um dançarino e uma fonte de luz. Ao trabalhar com uma lanterna
pendurada acima do dançarino, por exemplo, tenho explorado movimentos de luz, do
dançarino e de ambos, para a criação de sombras expressivas. Um dos meus objetivos é
criar sombras que sugiram transformação da aparência do dançarino no palco. Esta
apresentação trará um panorama da minha pesquisa e sua importância para as artes
cênicas.
Palavras-chave: Dançarino, sombra, luz.
MODO DE APRESENTAÇÃO: 3 MINUTES + 1 SLIDE.
References:
Abram, D. (2011) Becoming animal: an earthly cosmology. New York: Vintage Books
Abulafia, Y. (2016) The Art of Light on Stage: Lighting in Contemporary Theatre. Oxon:
Routledge
Arnheim, R. (1974/2004) Art and visual perception: a psychology of the creative eye,
London: University of California Press.
Allain, P. and Harvie, J. (2014) The Routledge Companion to Theatre and Performance (2nd
ed.) Oxon: Routledge
Aronson, A. (2005) Looking Into the Abyss: Essays on Scenography. Michigan: University of
Michigan Press
Aronson, A. (2010) "Postmodern design" in Collins, J. and Nisbet, A. (edt.) Theatre and
performance design: A reader in scenography. Oxon: Routledge
Baudrillard, J. (2000) The Vital Illusion. Edit. By Julia Witwer. New York: Columbia University
Press
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years
Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 81
Baugh, C. (2005) Theatre, performance and technology: The development of scenography in
the twentieth century. New York: Palgrave Macmillan
Butterworth, P. and McKinney, J. (2009) The Cambridge Introduction to Scenography.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Casati, R. (2005) “Shadow tales of knowledge and power”. Translated from the Italian by
Milena Nuti. In klædefabrik (edt.) Shadow play: shadow and light in contemporary art.
Heidelberg: Kehrer.
Casati, R. (2004) Shadows: Unlocking Their Secrets, from Plato to Our Time. Translated
from the Italian by Asher, B. Vintage Books: New York
Collins, J. and Nisbet, A. (2010) Theatre and performance design: A reader in scenography.
Oxon: Routledge
Crisafulli, F. (2013) Active Light: Issues of Light in Contemporary Theatre. Dublin:
Artdiland.com Ltd
Deleuze, G. (1993/2006) The Fold: Leibniz and the Baroque. London: Continuum
Deleuze, G. (1981/2002) Francis Bacon: The Logic of Sensation. Minneapolis: University of
Minnesota Press
Howard, P. (2009) What Is Scenography? 2nd edt. London: Routledge
Huxley, M. and Witts, N. (2002) The Twentieth-Century Performance Reader Paperback.
London: Routledge
Iball, H and McKinney (2011) “Researching Scenography”, in Kershaw, B and Nicholson, H
(edt.) Research Methods in Theatre and Performance. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University
Press
Palmer, S. (2013) Light: Reading in Theatre Practice. London: Palgrave Macmillan
Sorensen, R. (2011) Seeing Dark Things: The Philosophy of Shadows. Oxford: Oxford
University Press
Tanizaki, J. (1933/2001) In Praise of Shadows. Translated from the Japanese, by Harper, T.
& Seidensticker, E. London: Vintage Books
Wagner, A. (2005) “The shadow in art history”. Translated from the German by Jeanne
Haunschild. In klædefabrik (edt.) Shadow play: shadow and light in contemporary art.
Heidelberg: Kehrer.
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THE NATURAL THREAT OF URANIUM IN OUTCROP ROCKS: THE
CASE OF SÃO JOSÉ DE ESPINHARAS - HINTERLAND OF THE
PORTO DE SUAPE/BRAZIL
Fredy Bezerra Carneiro
Flávio Ferreira da Silva
Universidade Federal de Pernambuco e Faculdade Santa Helena Programa de Pós-graduação em Administração/Departamento de Energia Nuclear fredybc@hotmail.com
Abstract: The main purpose of the research was to analyze samples of rock outcrops to
determine the radioactivity level in a truly anomalous area with Uranium concentration. The
field of study was a region located in northeastern Brazil, the city of São José de Espinharas,
State of Paraiba which is inserted in the hinterland of the Porto de Suape. Radioecological
and radiometric studies are important to monitor geographic areas using techniques of
environmental dosimetry. The results are useful to determine the environmental protection
and traffic restriction and human presence, use of raw materials from the region in
construction and agriculture. They can also indicate the existence of economically
exploitable mineral deposits. The research was theoretical/empirical and quantitative. The
technique used was the non-destructive analysis of samples with application of gamma
spectrometry high-resolution HPGe detector. The samples were collected during 2013 and
processed between 2014 and 2015 in the Departamento de Energia Nuclear of the
Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. The results showed that in 60% of samples, the radio
equivalent activity is up to 95% above the maximum indicated by UNSCEAR. The relevance
of this study is to empirically demonstrate that the surveyed area should be isolated from the
population, which uses it for cattle grazing for food crops and as a raw material for housing
construction. It is recommended that people and animals are removed from the surveyed
area. Furthermore, the natural material is not supposed to be used for construction and
agriculture. The objective is to protect the health of residents and bystanders away from the
issue of the radioisotopes. As future research, it is suggested to estimate the value of the
deposit in economical terms and to establish a local community movement program for
remote geographical area of the deposit.
Keywords: Environmental protection, Paraíba, Porto de Suape, Radioecology, Radiometry, São José de
Espinharas
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MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
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A FEASIBILITY STUDY OF A GROUP-BASED MODEL TO DELIVER
POSTNATAL CARE IN SOCIALLY DISADVANTAGED
COMMUNITIES
Giordana de Cássia Pinheiro da Motta1; Christine McCourt2, Penny Haora3; Juliet Rayment4
1PhD candidate at City University London, School of Health Sciences, Centre for Maternal and Child Health Research, London, UK; Scholarship holder from the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Brazil. 2Professor of Maternal and Child Health, City University London, School of Health Sciences, London, UK. 3Research Fellow, Institute for Health & Human Development, University of East London, London, UK; Honorary Researcher, Barts Health NHS Trust. 4Lecturer at City University London, School of Health Sciences, London, UK. Main author email: giordanamotta@city.ac.uk
Background and Rationale: The postnatal period is a relatively neglected area of practice
in both high- and low-income countries1. Women from socio-economic and racial/ethnic
minority population groups are at greater risk of not receiving appropriate perinatal care2, so
it becomes imperative to create strategies to reach those women and engage them in their
own care. Furthermore, the most appropriate model to provide postnatal care (PNC) is still
an area of uncertainty3. Following promising outcomes from Group Antenatal Care models4,
conducting group-based care for mothers and babies from socially disadvantaged
communities during the postnatal period could help improve satisfaction and maternal-child
health outcomes.
Aim: To test the feasibility of implementation of a group-based model of PNC in
communities considered socially disadvantaged.
Methods: The study adds a postnatal component to a broader project on group-based
antenatal care, ‘Pregnancy Circles’, part of the REACH Pregnancy Programme in East
London (London Boroughs of Tower Hamlets, Newham and Waltham Forest, part of Barts
Health NHS Trust). Using a complex intervention design5, the research includes women who
are pregnant and accept to be part of the ‘Pregnancy Circles’ and consists of two phases:
two-stage feasibility study and pilot randomized trial. The feasibility study comprises two
distinct stages: Focus groups and one-to-one interviews – to identify women’s, midwives’
and managers’ views and needs regarding ante- and postnatal care and its delivery in a
group-based model. Three focus groups were conducted with a total of 26 women from the
three boroughs. Sixteen midwives and managers were interviewed across the three sites.
Recordings were transcribed and data is being analysed using thematic analysis approach;
and Test groups – to implement, in a small sample, the protocol for group-based ante- and
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Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 85
postnatal care developed from data emerging in stage one and a systematic realist review.
This phase assesses women’s and professionals’ acceptability of this model and further
develop the intervention protocol. Three test groups are taking place, one in each borough.
Up to approximately 36 women (8 to 12 women in each group) are being recruited when
attending their first midwife appointment. Data will be collected through observation of
groups and interviews with both women and midwives involved (online survey and one-to-
one interviews with a small sample). This researcher is active in the data collection for the
feasibility study and is analysing data regarding PNC.
Findings and discussion: Preliminary findings of stage one show that women and
professionals presented clear views on quality PNC needs and provided important
contributions to the development of the pilot trial protocol. Findings of this study will help to
develop a new, locally-appropriate model to be implemented in disadvantaged communities.
As a limitation, a full randomized controlled trial will not be possible to be completed during
the period of this PhD.
Conclusion: Developing a new strategy for actively engaging women in their PNC could
improve women’s participation, and better inform policy and practice development. Following
this London-based work, we propose to develop an adapted protocol of group-based PNC
for testing and implementation in the Brazilian context.
Keywords: Feasibility study, Health care delivery, Model of care, Postnatal care.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: POSTER PRESENTATION.
References:
1. World Health Organization (2014). WHO recommendations on postnatal care of the
mother and newborn. Geneva: World Health Organization.
2. Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University. (2007). A Science-Based
Framework for Early Childhood Policy: Using Evidence to Improve Outcomes in Learning,
Behaviour, and Health for Vulnerable Children. Available from:
http://developingchild.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Policy_Framework.pdf.
Accessed: February 15, 2016.
3. Sandall, J., Soltani, H., Gates, S., Shennan, A., Devane, D. (2015). Midwife-led continuity
models versus other models of care for childbearing women, Cochrane Database of
Systematic Reviews, Issue 9. Art. No.: CD004667.
4. Lathrop, B. (2013). A Systematic Review Comparing Group Prenatal Care to Traditional
Prenatal Care, Nursing for Women's Health, 17(2), pp. 118-130.
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Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 86
5. Richards, D.A. and Hallberg, I.R. (2015). Complex Interventions in Health: an overview of
research methods. London: Routledge, Taylor & Francis.
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INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF PHARMACOLOGICAL
BLOCKADE OF PPAR-Α AND PPAR-Β/Δ ON FORMALIN-EVOKED
NOCICEPTIVE BEHAVIOUR, FEAR-CONDITIONED ANALGESIA
AND CONDITIONED FEAR IN THE PRESENCE OF NOCICEPTIVE
TONE IN RATS.
Jessica C. Gaspar1,3, Bright Okine1,3, Alvaro Llorente-Berzal1,3, Orla Burke1, Michelle Roche2-
3, David P. Finn1’3
1Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2Physiology, School of Medicine, 3NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre and Centre for Pain Research, National University of Ireland, Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland Main author email: j.gaspar1@nuigalway.ie
Abstract
Background
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are members of the nuclear receptor
family and occur in three isoforms: PPAR-α, PPAR-β/δ and PPAR-γ. There is evidence for
their involvement in pain2, cognition3 and mood disorders 4. However, their role in pain-fear
interactions is not well understood. Fear-conditioned analgesia (FCA) is pain suppression
upon re-exposure to a context previously paired with an aversive stimulus 5.
Aim
To investigate the effects of systemic administration of PPAR-α and PPAR−β/δ antagonists
on formalin-evoked nociceptive behaviour, FCA, and conditioned fear in the presence of
nociceptive tone in rats.
Methods
Male Sprague-Dawley rats received footshock (10x1s, 0.4mA) or no footshock in a
conditioning arena; 23.5 hours later, rats received intraplantar injection of formalin (2.5%)
into the right hindpaw and systemic administration (i.p.) of vehicle, PPAR-α (GW6471;
2mg/kg) or PPAR-β/δ (GSK0660; 1mg/kg) antagonists. Thirty minutes after the injections,
rats were re-exposed to the conditioning arena for 15 minutes where nociceptive and fear-
related behaviours (freezing and 22KHz ultrasonic vocalisation) were assessed. Data were
analysed using repeated measures or two way ANOVA with Fisher’s LSD post-hoc test.
P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results
Fear-conditioned rats expressed robust FCA and context-induced freezing. Systemic
administration of the PPAR-α and PPAR-β/δ antagonists prolonged context-induced freezing
and increased the duration of 22KHz ultrasonic vocalisation without altering nociceptive
behaviour.
Conclusion
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PPAR-α and PPAR-β/δ may play a role in the extinction of conditioned fear in the presence
of nociceptive tone.
Acknowledgements
The present study was carried out with financial support from CNPq, Conselho Nacional de
Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico – Brazil (207530/2014-9).
References
Blanquart, C., Barbier, O., Fruchart, J.C., Staels, B., and Glineur, C. (2003). Peroxisome
proliferator-activated receptors: regulation of transcriptional activities and roles in
inflammation. The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 85: 267–73.
Maeda, T., and Kishioka, S. (2009). PPAR and Pain. International Review of Neurobiology
85: 165–77.
Panlilio, L. V, Justinova, Z., and Goldberg, S.R. (2013). Inhibition of FAAH and activation of
PPAR: new approaches to the treatment of cognitive dysfunction and drug addiction.
Pharmacology & Therapeutics 138: 84–102.
Kemp, D.E., Schinagle, M., Gao, K., Conroy, C., Ganocy, S.J., Ismail-Beigi, F., et al. (2014).
PPAR-γ agonism as a modulator of mood: proof-of-concept for pioglitazone in bipolar
depression. CNS Drugs 28: 571–81.
Butler, R.K., Nilsson-Todd, L., Cleren, C., Lena, I., Garcia, R., and Finn, D.P. (2011).
Molecular and electrophysiological changes in the prefrontal cortex-amygdala-dorsal
periaqueductal grey pathway during persistent pain state and fear-conditioned analgesia.
Physiol Behav 104: 1075–1081.
Keywords: fear, fear-conditioned analgesia, pain, ppar, GSK0660, GW6471
MODE OF PRESENTATION: POSTER PRESENTATION
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ADDRESSING FOOD SECURITY IN A CHANGED CLIMATE BY
UNDERSTANDING WHEAT YIELD IMPROVEMENT
Joao Paulo Pennacchi1,2, John Andralojc1, Bill Davies2, Martin Parry2and Elizabete Carmo-
Silva2,
1Rothamsted Research Institute, 2Lancaster University j.pennacchi@lancaster.ac.uk
Abstract: Wheat is one of the major grain crops worldwide and provides approximately one-
fifth of the total caloric and protein input of the World’s population. In the UK, wheat is the
most widely grown crop occupying about 50% of the total arable land. It has been estimated
that increases of 60% will be required in the yield of grain crops such as wheat and rice if
food supply is to meet the demands of the increasing world in population. This situation is
further compounded by the predicted change in climate and the need to protect
environments. There is clearly an urgent need to develop crop plants that yield higher
outputs per unit area of land, without having to increase inputs of fertilizer or water.
This research is part of the Rothamsted Research 20:20 Wheat® Project and is being
developed in a partnership between Rothamsted Research and Lancaster University. 20:20
Wheat® aims to provide the knowledge base and tools to increase potential wheat yields (in
the UK) to 20 t ha-1 within the next 20 years (counting from 2012). The particular focus of the
PhD project is to work with different wheat cultivars, revealing traits and important agronomic
characteristics related to potential high yield cultivars.
Two wheat populations are the research focus of the project: i) ERYCC Panel (Earliness &
Resilience for Yield in a Changed Climate) with 64 spring and winter wheat cultivars,
originating from UK, France and Mexico; ii) HxP double-haploid mapping population,
developed by Syngenta. Phenotypic characteristics – as physiological parameters,
biochemical components, plant phenology and productivity – and genotypic features – as
genetic markers, parentage coefficients and potential QTLs – are being measured for each
of the populations. An integrated analysis based on phenotype and genotype interaction is
proposed to reveal genetic traits related to photosynthetic capacity and yield.
Data from current experiments as well as data obtained from previous field experiments will
be part of a large database, providing strong support to statistical analysis, based on
multivariate statistical methods.
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In parallel, molecular and physiological analysis are being carried out in genetically modified
plants expressing the ictB (inorganic carbon transporter B) gene related to CO2 transport
and concentration at the Rubisco site. These analyses are testing the hypothesis that
expression of ictB will have a positive impact on wheat photosynthetic capacity and biomass
production.
The final goal is to provide an indication of superior wheat cultivars and traits for breeding
high yield, based on physiological and biochemical parameters, phenology and agronomic
characteristics, and by developing and improving methods of analysis.
Keywords: Climate Change, Food Security, Genetics, Photosynthesis, Sustainable Agriculture, Wheat
MODE OF PRESENTATION: 1ST - ORAL COMMUNICATION
References
AINSWORTH EA and LONG SP (2005) What have we learned from 15 years of free-air CO2
enrichment (FACE)? A meta-analytic review of the responses of photosynthesis, canopy
properties and plant production to rising CO2. New Phytologist. 165, 351-371.
GODFRAY HCJ, BEDDINGTON JR, CRUTE IR, HADDAD L, LAWRENCE D, MUIR JF,
PRETTY J, ROBINSON S, THOMAS SM, TOULMIN C (2010) Food Security: The Challenge
of Feeding 9 Billion People. Science. 327, 812-818.
PARRY MAJ, REYNOLDS M, SALVUCCI ME, RAINES C, ANDRALOJC PJ, ZHU XG,
PRICE GD, CONDON AG, FURBANK RT (2011) Raising yield potential of wheat. II.
Increasing photosynthetic capacity and efficiency. Journal of Experimental Botany. 62, 453-
467.
PARRY MAJ and HAWKESFORD MJ (2011) An Integrated Approach to Crop Genetic
Improvement. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology. 54, 250–259.
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Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 91
USO DO DISCURSO DO SUJEITO COLETIVO COMO FERRAMENTA
DE ANÁLISE EM PESQUISAS ACERCA DA PSICODINÂMICA DO
TRABALHO
Juliana Almeida Coelho de Melo, Francine Lima Gelbecke, Felipa Rafaela Amadigi
Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC julianarad@gmail.com
Abstract: O presente manuscrito busca realizar uma reflexão sobre o uso do discurso do
sujeito coletivo como ferramenta de análise em pesquisas acerca da psicodinâmica do
trabalho com o auxílio do software Qualiquantisoft®. O desafio nas pesquisas qualitativas
que utilizam a Psicodinâmica do trabalho como referencial teórico e metodológico não está
apenas na escolha correta dos instrumentos e técnicas, ou somente nos procedimentos e
experiência do pesquisador. É preciso, além de seguir o método proposto por Christophe
Dejours, conduzir com rigor a análise e interpretação dos dados ou do material empírico
coletado. Em uma rápida pesquisa realizada na Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e
dissertações com o indexador “Psicodinâmica do Trabalho” foram localizadas 170
dissertações e 62 teses publicadas no Brasil. Realizou-se a análise das teses publicadas
entre os anos de 2010 a 2016, totalizando 33 estudos. Desses, seis teses não foram
analisadas, pois não se tratavam de pesquisas envolvendo o tema em questão. Por fim, 27
teses foram examinadas quanto ao método de análise de dados utilizado. Observou-se que,
apesar de todos os estudos utilizarem como referencial teórico a Psicodinâmica do
Trabalho, não existe consonância na escolha do método para a análise dos dados. Nos
estudos qualitativos observa-se uma predominância da Análise de Conteúdo como escolha
pelos pesquisadores (10 estudos). Diante desse panorama e considerando os pressupostos
de Dejours, compreende-se que a psicodinâmica do trabalho procura essencialmente
identificar questões subjetivas do trabalho e por isso, seria ilusório tentar objetivá-las em
categorias com diferentes recortes de discursos. O pesquisador deve buscar a
heterogeneidade que existe entre a palavra do trabalhador e a experiência de quem
pesquisa, por isso, a importância do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC). A origem do
Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC) se deu na década de 1990, por meio dos pesquisadores
brasileiros Fernando Lefevre e Ana Maria Cavalcanti Lefevre. De forma resumida trata-se
de uma técnica para análise de dados em pesquisas qualitativas ou quantitativas, que
busca o processamento dos diferentes depoimentos com sentidos semelhantes sobre um
tema específico, reunindo-os em discursos redigidos na primeira pessoa do singular.
Entende-se que o DSC busca reconstruir as representações de determinado grupo e/ou
coletivo, articulando as dimensões individuais e coletivas. O DSC mostra-se como uma
ferramenta copiosa nas análises de pesquisas acerca da psicodinâmica do trabalho.
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Enquanto a psicodinâmica do trabalho busca demonstrar o que é vivenciado pelo
trabalhador no campo de trabalho e para isso utiliza a fala como o ato representativo, o
DSC pode ser utilizado como instrumento de organização e análise dos depoimentos
oriundos das falas dos trabalhadores, por meio de procedimentos claros, padronizados e
precisos.
Palavras–chave: análise qualitativa, discurso do sujeito coletivo, métodos, pesquisa qualitativa,
psicodinâmica do trabalho.
MODALIDADE DE APRESENTAÇÃO: COMUNICAÇÃO ORAL
Referências
DEJOURS, Christophe. Entre o desespero e a esperança: como reencantar o
trabalho? Revista Cult, São Paulo, n. 139, p.49-53, 2010. Disponível em:
<http://revistacult.uol.com.br/home/category/edicoes/139/>. Acesso em: 14 out. 2013.
______. A Loucura do Trabalho: Estudo de Psicopatologia do Trabalho. 6. ed. São Paulo:
Cortez, 2015.
LANCMAN, Selma; SZNELWAR, Laerte Idal (Org.). CHISTOPHE DEJOURS: Da
psicopatologia à psicodinâmica do trabalho. 2. ed. Brasília: Fiocruz, 2008. 396 p.
LEFEVRE, Fernando; LEFEVRE, Ana Maria Cavalcanti. Discourse of the collective subject:
social representations and communication interventions. Texto Contexto
Enferm, Florianópolis , v. 23, n. 2, p. 502-507, June 2014 . Available from
<http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0104
07072014000200502&lng=en&nrm=iso>. Access on 20 Apr. 2016.
LEFEVRE, Fernando; LEFEVRE, Ana Maria Cavalcanti; MARQUES, Maria Cristina da
Costa. Discurso do sujeito coletivo, complexidade e auto-organização. Ciênc. Saúde
coletiva, Rio de Janeiro , v. 14, n. 4, p. 1193-1204, Aug. 2009 . Available from
<http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413
81232009000400025&lng=en&nrm=iso>. Access on 20 Apr. 2016.
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MARTIM GONCALVES – BRIDGES AND NETWORKS BETWEEN
BRAZIL AND UK IN THE FOLLOWING II WORLD WAR
Jussilene Santana
Postdoctoral researcher at SED/Queen Mary University of London By Premio Capes de Tese 2013 junesantana@gmail.com
Abstract: This research follows the Martim Goncalves’s steps in UK between 1941 and
1961. He was the creator of the School of Theatre of the Federal University of Bahia, the first
one in the Brazil linked at a higher education institution. The director was a fellow in London
for many years and organized several and pioneers exchanges between British and
Brazilians institutions and artists. This school had great influence in the Brazilian culture,
inspiring important cultural movements, as Tropicalism and Cinema Novo, and artists, as
Caetano Veloso, Glauber Rocha and Maria Bethania, among others. The firsts movies of the
Cinema Novo was produced there, with students this school, like Barravento and Deus e o
Diabo na Terra do Sol. The director of this pioneering school in Brazil studied Fine Arts,
Costume and Theatre Set Design at the Slade School of Fine Art (UCL), also taking classes
at Ruskin College, in Oxford. He donated one Mestre Vitalino’ handcraft (Vitalino was a
famous Brazilian craftsman previously unknown), at the Ashmolean Museum/Oxford
(GONCALVES, 1997). In Oxford, he created the scenarios to Unity Theatre and Lindsay
Theatre. In London, he did the scenarios to Amanhã será outro Dia, play by Paschoal Carlos
Magno, and The Marriage of Figaro, directed by Alberto Cavalcanti. In June, 15th 1945,
Martim becomes Old Vic’s trainee/improver. He writes and paints about him experience in
London/Oxford during II World War to Brazilian’s magazines. Martim Gonçalves would have
done lectures on theatre at the BBC. By several exchanges, he promoted the Nilda
Spencer’s fellowship at Central School of Speech and Drama, in London, in 1961. In other
hand, He invited to Bahia’s School, BBC’s set designer Gordon Roland, Royal Court
Theatre’s producer George Devine and winning movie director John Schelesinger. “In a
good measure, the School of Theatre was similar at self-governing schools of art founded in
the post-war world. In the United States, England and Europe there are many examples in
place until today; these institutions originally followed orientations from schools of the
European avant-garde, counting on immigrant European teachers and artists” (SANTANA,
2015). I’ve researched about the impact this School (and its production and staging) in
Brazilian political and social life. This first administration was severely persecuted. There
are implications between this persecutory movement and Military Coup years later
(SANTANA, 2012). Teachers and artists from another fifteen countries taught in school.
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Through partnerships in human resources, technology transfer and funding (this school had
then a controversial agreement with the Rockefeller Foundation and partnership with another
institutions around the world), Gonçalves supported the emergence of five major institutions
that would make up the Bahia culture current face: the Castro Alves Theatre, the Sacred Art
Museum, the Museum of Modern Art, the Teatro Vila Velha and the Centre for Afro-Oriental
Studies. As well as it supported the work of immigrant artists-thinkers who, until then, did not
have institutional locus: the Portuguese Agostinho da Silva, the Italian Lina Bo Bardi and the
French Pierre Verger.
Keywords: Arts, Exchange, Higher Education, Martim Goncalves, Theatre.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION.
References:
EICHBAUER, Helio, DEDE, Veloso. Arte na Bahia. Salvador, Corrupio, 1991.
GONCALVES, Hebe. Martim Goncalves em Cena. Biografia nao publicada. Recife, 1997.
SANTANA, J. 2015. Crisis in the Teaching of the Arts and the Techniques at the Brazilian
Universities? Reflexions on the History of the School of Theatre of Federal University of
Bahia, Founded in 1956. Presentation at Humboldt Colloquium – Research Excellence in a
Globalised World – Experiences and Challenges from a Brazilian-German Perspective.
Poster Session 21 (Modernisation of Government).
SANTANA, J. Martim Goncalves – Uma Escola de Teatro Contra a Provincia. Tese de
Doutorado defendida no PPGAC, Escola de Teatro – UFBA, janeiro de 2012. Premio
Capes de Tese 2013.
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RACE AND COLOUR SHAPING "OTHERNESS": THE VOICE OF
MIGRANTS BLACK BRAZILIAN WOMEN IN THE UK
Katucha Bento
University of Leeds sskrb@leeds.ac.uk
Abstract: My doctoral research aims to understand emotions of black Brazilian women in
the everyday practices as migrants in the United Kingdom. Emotions are evoked in this
research as dimensions of human and social reality linked to relations of power, shaping
bodies, actions and perceptions towards others; unfolding regimes of expressivity that
enable the understanding of “otherness”. In this research, the “other” is related to the
dichotomy between the West and the Rest suggested by Stuart Hall. I explore how the
“other” (the rest) is constituted in the everyday lives of black Brazilian women in the UK as
migrants, among the intersections that mark differences in a hierarchical way. During the
conversation with participants, I was able to realise that not only race, but shades of skin
colour are important to perceive the self as “other”. Emotions conjure in and through the
narratives of black-Brazilian-women-migrants during our conversation of about their
Diaspora. Centring the voices of the racialised “other”, put in evidence the multiple ways of
being black women and decenter racial absolutisms and fixed stereotypes. I understand
emotions as a form to enact black women’s agency (power) to articulate their own voice and
positionings in discourses on migration in the UK. This will lead to destabilise and decolonise
discourses to define different perceptions of power and point out the emotions that play an
important role in life experiences of black women. By articulating a critical decolonial black
feminist perspective between hegemony and subalternity; centre and periphery I will debate
the plurality within the intersectionality of black women. Discussing a decolonial perspective
using racialised bodies with the intention of de-essencialise cristalised ideas on the female
black body and mind enables a more dynamic and autonomous construction of identities,
intimately related to embodied emotions, giving another range of meanings and
representations.
Keywords: Black Brazilian women, Coloniality, Diaspora, Emotions, Migration, Skin colour.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL
Bhabha H. K. 1990. Nation and narration. London: Routledge.
Costa, S. 2006. Dois Atlanticos: Teoria Social, Anti Racismo, Cosmopolitismo. Belo
Horizonte: Editora UFMG.
Collins, P.H. 1991. Black feminist thought: knowledge, consciousness, and the
politics of empowerment. Routledge, New York.
Fanon, F. 2008. Black Skin, White Masks. London: Pluto Press.
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Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 96
Pinho, P. 2010. Mama Africa: Reinventing Africanness in Bahia. Translated
by Elena Langdon. Durham: Duke University Press.
Tate, S. A. 2005. Black skins, black masks: Hybridity, dialogism, performativity.
Aldershot, Hants, England, Burlington, VT: Ashgate.
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UNIVERSAL CHURCH AND DOMESTIC VIOLENCE SERVICES IN
BRAZIL: THE FIGHT OVER ‘GENDER’ AND IMPLICATIONS FOR
VICTIMS OF VIOLENCE AND BRAZILIAN SECULARISM
Kim Beecheno, PhD Candidate
King’s College London Kim.beecheno@kcl.ac.uk
Abstract: Activism in the area of violence against women in Brazil has typically been the
realm of feminist activists, who have also denounced the steady growth of evangelical
Christianity as influencing a turn towards social and political conservatism (CDD, 2016).
Feminists claim that this is eroding hard-won women’s rights in Brazil. In this paper, using
ethnographic data recently conducted in Brazil (2015), I examine Universal’s project (known
as Project Rahab) for women who suffer domestic violence and the implications of its
growing proximity to state services for women and state secularism.
Universal is an international, Pentecostal church and Project Rahab now exists on all
continents. Universal’s ability to mobilise thousands of women across Brazil suggests that a
church-led women’s movement with a focus on domestic violence could be an important
vehicle for raising awareness around the issue, hitherto not addressed in the public sphere
by churches in Brazil. It also offers women of faith strategies for dealing with violence that
complement their religious belief systems. However, the growing proximity of Universal’s
‘spiritual’ services for battered women with secular services provided by the state also serve
to legitimize Universal’s very specific gendered messages within the public sphere, as well
as attracting more potential converts and helping the church grow. This raises controversial
questions as to the role of religious services in Brazil, which are forming a growing number
of state/religious partnerships as providers of health and social services (Mourier, 2013). It
questions the state’s responsibility towards the democratic ideal of secular services for
citizens, especially the vulnerable and suggests implications for women and gendered
relations in Brazil.
Keywords: Domestic Violence, Feminism, Gender, Religion, Secularism, Universal Church
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION (10 MINUTE)
References:
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CDD, (2016), Católicas Pelo Direito de Decidir, A Violação Escancarada dos Direitos das
Mulheres, Negros e LGBTs, online, http://catolicas.org.br/novidades/editoriais/genero-
direitos-mulheres/ (accessed 20/03/2016)
Mourier, E. (2013) "Religion as a Social Substitute for the State: Faith-Based Social Action in
Twenty-First Century Brazil", in International Development Policy: Religion and
Development, No.4, Geneva: Graduate Institute Publications, Basingstoke: Palgrave
Macmillan, pp. 79-94.
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EXPLORING BONDARIES IN MANY-PARTICLE QUANTUM
SYSTEMS
Krissia de Zawadzki, Luiz Nunes de Oliveira and Irene D’Amico
São Carlos Institute of Physics (University of São Paulo) Department of Physics (University of York) krissia.zawadzki@usp.br
Abstract: The understanding of Quantum Mechanics and its implications in nature laws has
allowed to investigate new phenomena in atomic scale. Specially for systems comprising a
larger number of strongly interacting particles - such as solids and molecules - it is very
difficult to find appropriate models and to quantitatively calculate their properties. One of the
first models proposed for describing some of these systems is the Hubbard model, which
has been widely used to describe metals, spin lattices and even ultracold atoms trapped into
optical lattices. Despite its simplicity, the Hubbard model is extremely difficult to solve
exactly: when the size of the system becomes sufficient large, it is analytically impractical
and computationally prohibitive due to the exponential dependence of the memory required to carry
out the calculation. In fact, the numerical solution of many-body systems is limited by the number of
states that can be realized within the computational framework. Iterative approaches, such as the
Lanczos diagonalization and the Numerical (NRG) and Density Matrix (DMRG) Renormalization-
Groups, allow to account for a large number L of degrees of freedom and yield accurate results for
the low-energy spectra and ground-state properties. Independent of which iterative solution we are
considering when seeking to recover the limit L → ∞, we must start with a finite partition and
increase its size progressively until reach the desired limit. One promissing idea is to explore
boundary conditions that preserve physical aspects of the infinite limit, such as particle-hole
symmetry. In the present work, we aim to improve the initial step of the computation by
implementing different boundary conditions: open, periodic and twisted. We present results for the
ground-state the gap energies in finite chains described by the Hubbard model from the small to the
strong coupling limits. Our results show that even with small chains, we achieve a considerable
improvement compared to the exact expression for the energy with L → ∞. Based on our approach,
we foresee a prospective implementation of a renormalization-group study of larger systems.
Keywords: Boundary conditions, Hubbard model, Particle-hole symmetry, Spin Chains
MODE OF PRESENTATION: POSTER PRESENTATION
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References:
ESSLER, F. H. L.; FRAHAM, H., GOHMANN, F., KlUEMPER, A., KOREPIN, V. E. The
One-Dimensional Hubbard Model. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005. 673 p.
HIRSCH, J. E., Renormalization-group study of the Hubbard model. Physical Review B, v.
12, n. 11, p. 5259--5266, 1980. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.22.5259.
LIEB, E. H., WU, F.Y, The one-dimensional Hubbard model: a reminiscence, Physica A:
Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, v. 321, n. 1-2, 2003. doi: 10.1016/S0378-
4371(02)01785-5.
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ACADEMIC VOCABULARY: AN ANALYSIS OF HOW BRAZILIAN
STUDENTS WRITE ACADEMIC ENGLISH
Larissa Goulart da Silva
The University of Warwick l.goulart-da-silva@warwick.ac.uk
Abstract: Academic vocabulary is one of the main issues presented by Brazilian students of
English for Academic Purposes, especially when they have to read or write academic texts
(Vongpumivitch, Huang and Chang, 2008). Students from different nationalities interviewed
by Shawn (1991) also declared that vocabulary was their main problem when writing
academic English. Therefore, this study analyses how Brazilian students use academic
vocabulary in order to better understand their difficulties and propose classroom practices
that could help students improve their Academic Vocabulary. A corpus of Brazilian EAP
writing was built for this study, this corpus consists of essays submitted by Brazilian students
as part of their evaluation in their university courses in the United Kingdom. The research
questions are: a) What is the vocabulary profile of essays written by Brazilian students?; b)
How do these students use academic vocabulary? and c) How is this use different from the
vocabulary profile found in Hyland and Tse’s (2007) and Coxhead’s (2000) academic
corpora?. The analysis of the vocabulary profile of Brazilian students was carried out using
LexTutor (Cobb, n.d) and therefore focuses on the coverage of the Academic Word List
(AWL) (Coxhead, 2000) and the General Service List (GSL) (West, 1953) in each essay and
on the corpus as a whole. Results show that essays written by Brazilian students present the
same coverage of AWL and GSL words as in other academic corpora. However, in depth
analysis shows that although the percentage of AWL coverage is the same, the words
selected by Brazilian students are different from the words selected by students who
received a distinction on their essays. Analysis of the concordance lines shows that this
usage reflects the extensive use of passive voice in the corpus of Brazilian students. These
findings provide insights on issues that could be addressed in classes of EAP for Brazilian
students.
Keywords: Academic Word List, Brazilian Academic English, English for Academic Purposes.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
References
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Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 102
Cobb, T. (n.d.). The complete lexical tutor. Retrieved from http://www.lextutor.ca/ on 24
March 2016.
Coxhead, A. (2000). A new academic word list. TESOL Quarterly, 34 (2), 213–238.
Hyland, K. and Tse, P. (2004). Metadiscourse in academic writing: a reappraisal. Applied
Linguistics, 25, 156–77.
Shaw, P. (1991). Science research students’ composing processes. English for Specific
Purposes, 10, 189–206.
Vongpumivitch, V., Huang, J. Y., & Chang, Y. C. (2009). Frequency analysis of the words in
the Academic Word List (AWL) and non-AWL content words in applied linguistics research
papers. English for Specific Purposes, 28, 33 - 41.
West, M. (1953). A general service list of English words. London: Longman.
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EVALUATION OF LONG-TERM FUNCTION IN ANIMALS AFTER
DISTAL MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY OCCLUSION
Marinho, L.P., Ahmed, J., Trueman, R.C., Farr, T.
University of Nottingham mbylm1@nottingham.ac.uk
Abstract: Stroke is the result of an ischaemic infarction or bleeding in the brain, which is
manifested in seconds or minutes. The main causes of ischemic stroke are thrombosis in
situ or from cardiac emboli. The use of animal models has provided a better understanding
of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of stroke; mice and rats are the most commonly used
species. The middle cerebral artery (MCA) is the most often affected cerebral vessel in
human ischemic stroke. Thus, techniques that occlude this artery in rodents are closest to
the human condition. The distal middle cerebral artery occlusion (dMCAO) is performed with
a temporal craniotomy, and the MCA is permanently ligated at a point upstream of the
lenticulostriate branches. The technique requires the separation of the temporalis muscle,
and removal of the skull overlying the MCA. The MCA is occluded by electrocoagulation and
transection. The main advantages of the craniotomy are good reproducibility in infarct size
that is entirely in the cortex and, low mortality. The main disadvantage is the lack of reliable
behavioural tests to evaluate a long-term assessment of the neurological outcome. There
are a wide variety of behavioural tests, however animals often exhibit spontaneous recovery
and some literature has reported that animals with dMCAO do not exhibit deficits at all. The
aim of this project is to evaluate sensitive tests of motor function in these animals, as
dMCAO causes sensorimotor impairment in the contralateral paw. We will employ the wire
hanging test, in which the animal has to hold onto a wire or a cage lid to avoid a fall,
suspending its body with its forepaws. Between the posts, there is a soft pillow to avoid
injury if it falls. This test evaluates the animal’s grasping ability and endurance. We wi ll also
examine the cylinder test, sticky label test and staircase reaching test; which ones assess,
respectively, spontaneous forelimb use, sensory asymmetry and forelimb extension.
Keywords: Animal model, behavioural test, craniotomy, distal middle cerebral artery occlusion, stroke.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: 3 MINUTE + 1 SLIDE PRESENTATION.
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Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 104
Balkaya, M., KrÃber, J., Rex, A. and Endres, M. (2012). Assessing post-stroke behavior in
mouse models of focal ischemia. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism, 33(3),
pp.330-338.
Bouet, V., Boulouard, M., Toutain, J., Divoux, D., Bernaudin, M., Schumann-Bard, P. and
Freret, T. (2009). The adhesive removal test: a sensitive method to assess sensorimotor
deficits in mice. Nat Protoc, 4(10), pp.1560-1564.
Bouet, V., Freret, T., Toutain, J., Divoux, D., Boulouard, M. and Schumann-Bard, P. (2007).
Sensorimotor and cognitive deficits after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in the
mouse. Experimental Neurology, 203(2), pp.555-567.
Dirnagl, U. (2010). Rodent models of stroke. New York: Humana.
Engel, O., Kolodziej, S., Dirnagl, U. and Prinz, V. (2011). Modeling Stroke in Mice - Middle
Cerebral Artery Occlusion with the Filament Model. Journal of Visualized Experiments, (47).
Kleinschnitz, C., Fluri, F. and Schuhmann, M. (2015). Animal models of ischemic stroke and
their application in clinical research. DDDT, p.3445.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years
Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 105
SMALL FARMERS AND LAND CONCENTRATION: PERSPECTIVES
AND LAW
Laura Candian Fraccaro
Ph.D student at University of Campinas, Research funded by São Paulo Research Foundation – FAPESP lauracfraccaro@gmail.com
Abstract: In April 17th 2016, it has been twenty years since the Eldorado Carajás Massacre
in which nineteen members of landless workers movement were killed by police officers.
Although the violence and injustice that took place in this dispute over a piece of land may
seem unique, these elements had been part of Brazil history for many centuries. Violence
toward people, destruction of crops, expropriation, forgery of land records and other
strategies were recurrently used by estate owners who wanted to obtain a larger rural
property. In this presentation, I analyse the trial disputes over land tenure in the turn of
eighteenth to nineteenth century in order to understand how legal instruments, justice and
local elites had an essential role on the land concentration we face nowadays. In order to do
so, I chose Campinas as a study case since, at the period analysed, the city had a rapid
economic growth based in sugar production. In the first decades after the foundation of the
township, food farmers and the expanding plantation owners had a complementary
relationship. The sugar cane plantations provided seasonal jobs for food producers and their
families, as also a consumer market. Simultaneously, the food producers opened the
frontier, slashing and burning the surrounding areas, and they guaranteed protection in the
fringes of the sugar state from squatters. However, with the sugar cane plantation intrinsic
necessity of enlarging its territory and its participation in the food production, the small
farmers rapidly faced an increasing competition in the local market and the eviction of their
land. The chosen research methods were micro-history and nominative record linkage,
aimed at following individuals over time and through a variety of historical sources, for
instance, wills, probate documents and trials records regarding conflicts over landholding.
Micro-history and nominative record linkage allow a reconstruction of the biographies of
individuals and kin groups, in order to better understand their economic and social strategies
for survival. It is mandatory to scrutinize the laws regarding the access to land and property
along the history of Brazil. The issues proposed by this presentation may help to think a
more egalitarian society wherein the perspectives of lower classes, repeatedly ignored in
Brazil history, will be taken into account.
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Keywords: land concentration, squatters, food farmers, nineteenth century
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
Bibliography and References
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1780-1838. New York: Routledge, 2007.
ALTINK, H. Slavery by another name: Apprenticed women in Jamaican workhouses in the
period 1834–81, Social History, 26:1, 2001.
BACELLAR, Carlos de Almeida Prado. Os senhores da terra: famílias e sistema sucessório
de engenho do Oeste Paulista, 1765-1855. Campinas: CMU/ Editora Unicamp, 1997.
CHALHOUB, Sidney. Visões da Liberdade: uma história das últimas décadas da escravidão
na corte. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 1990.
COSTA, Emilia Viotti da. Da senzala à colônia, São Paulo: Editora da Unesp, 4ª edição,
1998.
DEAN, Warren. Rio Claro: um sistema brasileiro de grande lavoura, 1820-1920. Trad.
Waldívia Portinho. Rio de Janeiro: Paz e Terra, 1977.
FARIA, Sheila de Castro. A colônia em movimento: fortuna e família no cotidiano colonial.
Rio de Janeiro: Nova Fronteira, 1998.
FRANCO, Maria Sylvia de Carvalho. Homens livres na ordem escravocrata, 4ª Ed., São
Paulo: Fundação Editora da UNESP, 1997.
GRENDI, Edoardo. Repensar a micro-história?. In REVEL, J. (org.) Jogos de escalas. A
experiência da microanálise. Rio de Janeiro: Ed. FGV, 1998, p. 251-262.
KUZNESOF, Elizabeth. "Migração e Família no Mundo Atlântico: Brasil e Portugal” In:
Núcleo de Estudos de População ‘Elza Berquó’. Campinas, SP: UNICAMP, March 24th
2014.
LEVI, Giovanni. A herança imaterial: trajetória de um exorcista no Piemonte do século XVII.
Rio de Janeiro: Civilização Brasileira, 2000.
LIMA, Henrique Espada. A micro-história italiana:escalas, indícios e singularidades.Rio de
Janeiro: Civilização Brasileira, 2006.
LUNA, Francisco V. KLEIN, Herbert. Evolução da sociedade e economia escravista de São
Paulo de 1750-1850. Edusp, 2005.
MACFARLANE, Alan. Família, Propriedade e Transição Social. Trad: Ruy Jungman. Rio de
Janeiro: Zahar Editores S. A., 1980.
MACFARLANE, Alan. Reconstructing Historical Communities. London: Cambridge
University Press, 1977.
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Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 107
MARTINS, José de Souza. O Cativeiro da Terra, 2ª edição, Livraria Editora Ciências
Humanas Ltda, 1981.
_________. O tempo da fronteira. Retorno à controvérsia sobre o tempo histórico da frente
de expansão e da frente pioneira. Tempo Social; Rev. Sociol. USP, SP, 8(1): 25-70, maio
1996.
MARTINS,Valter. Nem senhores, nem escravos: os pequenos agricultores em Campinas,
1800-1850, Ed. CMU/Unicamp, 1996.
MATTOS, Hebe. Ao sul da História: lavradores na crise do trabalho escravo. Rio de Janeiro:
Ed. FGV, Faperj, 2009.
METCALF, Alida. Family and frontier in colonial Brazil: Santana de Parnaíba, 1580-1822.
Austin: University of Texas Press, 2005.
PETRONE, Maria Thereza S. A Lavoura canavieira em São Paulo. Expansão e Declínio
1765-1851. Difel, São Paulo, 1968.
PRADO JUNIOR, Caio. Formação do Brasil Contemporâneo:colônia.Ed. Brasiliense, 5ª Ed.,
1957 .
SCOTT, Ana Volpi. A historiografia do Cambridge Group: contribuições ao estudo da
população, família e do grupo doméstico. Revista Estudos Amazônicos, Vol. IX, N.01, 2013,
p.01-31.
SHARPE, James. The bewitching of Anne Gunter: a Horrible and True Story of Deception,
Witchcraft, Murder, and the King of England. New York: Routledge, 2000.
SILVA, Fernando Teixeira da; CHALHOUB, Sidney . Sujeitos no imaginário acadêmico:
escravos e trabalhadores na historiografia brasileira desde os anos 1980. Cadernos Arquivo
Edgard Leuenroth (UNICAMP) , v. 14, p. 13-57, 2009.
SLENES, Robert W. A. Escravidão e família: padrões de casamento e estabilidade familiar
numa comunidade escrava. Campinas, século XIX. Estudos Econômicos, São Paulo, vol.
17, nº 2, maio/ago,1987.
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ESPORTS AND OLYMPIC GAMES: SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS OF
RIO 2016 CASE STUDY
Vanisssa Wanick1
Leonardo Mataruna2
1. University of Southampton 2. Coventry University – CARNiVAL project sponsored by European Union's
Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007-2013/under REA grant agreement n° 612614 vanissa@gmail.com
Abstract:
Technology and digital devices have enabled people to watch spectacles and mega events
everywhere at any time. In this scenario, video games emerged as a way to provide more
interactive experiences to users all over the world. The result of that is the rise of games as
a cultural form. In this context, eSports arose as a way to understand the spectator’s and the
player’s role in through the lens of sports and entertainment. With the Olympics happening
this year, the announcement of eSports tournaments is a reflection of gaming as a culture.
During the 2016 Olympics, people will be able to play and watch extremely skilled gamers
playing videogames. eSports are a new social and cultural practice. For gamers, it is a way
to be seen, displaying their skills and abilities while playing games. For the audience, it is a
way to feel excitement while watching others play games. However, the spectator’s role
goes beyond excitement. Audiences are organised into communities. This new category of
video gaming goes beyond getting a high score. The exchange of excitement and enjoyment
between audience and gamers make eSports a global phenomenon in business. One of the
main challenges of studying eSports is segmentation and demographics. On the other hand,
eSports allow different types of players that have the necessary skills to compete. This could
reflect an inclusive characteristic of eSports. eSports tournaments occur in arenas and the
gameplay is usually streamed all over the world. The audience can watch their teams
playing in the big screen anywhere. This shows that eSports can be ubiquitous. In addition,
with advances in technologies, such as virtual reality, eSports could become more “real”
than people could imagine. Video games can embed sports values, particularly through trust,
respect and friendship. This incorporation of video games in the Olympics reinforces the
concept that video games can be inclusive and go beyond entertainment. For Rio 2016,
eSports could reinforce the legacy of the Olympic games and to be an associate tool to
promote mega events. In this talk, we address the main implications about eSports in the
Olympics setting through an overview of eSports definition, players’ skills and abilities,
audience features, sports values, social and economic impacts and implications for the
future of eSports in the Olympics.
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Keywords: eSports, games, culture, sport management
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
References:
Mataruna, L. (2007). Percepção dos Jogos Pan-Americanos Rio 2007 por especialistas
internacionais em estudos Olímpicos. In: Rejane Penna Rodrigues; Leila Mirtes Magalhães
Pinto; Rodrigo Terra; Lamartine P. DaCosta. (Org.). Legados de Megaeventos Esportivos.
1ed.Brasília: Ministério do Esporte, 2008, v. 1, p. 337-342.
Taylor, L.L. (2014). Introduction to ESPORTS: your guide to the world of electronic sports
and how it has become a million-dollar business. Digital Independent Book.
Zambrano, C. (2014). Havok: your introduction to esports. Book1. California: Havok Series.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years
Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 110
SPORTS MEGA-EVENTS AND TOURISM DESTINATION IMAGE OF
BRAZIL: FOREIGNERS’ INTENTIONS TO ATTEND THE 2016
OLYMPIC GAMES
Dr Leonardo Jose Mataruna-Dos-Santos 1.3 and Thiago Melo2.3
1: Coventry University 2: Federal University of Rio de Janeiro / Technische Universität München 3: CARNiVAL project sponsored by European Union's Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007-2013/under REA grant agreement n° 612614
Since the bidding process for the 2014 FIFA World Cup, the holding of sport mega-events in
Brazil has been used as a discursive instrument to justify investments and possible legacies
that these events can promote to the country. Between these legacies, Tourism figures as
one of the main lasting legacy of the World Cup and the Olympic Games. This paper is a
presents a preliminary study part of the research conducted in the European Union’s
CARNiVAL project. It investigates how sports mega-events is influencing in the image of
Brazil as a tourism destination and then foreigners’ intention to attend the next Olympic
Games, to be held in Rio de Janeiro this year. A mixed qualitative and quantitative
questionnaire survey was applied in the city centre of Munich, Germany, looking forward to
find evidences which could verify the hypothesis that the more positive is the image of Brazil
as a tourism destination, the higher the intention to visit the country during the Olympics. In
the end we draw relevant conclusion for the next steps of this research that is being
developed at the Technische Universität München.
Keywords: Brazil, Olympic Games, Foreigners, Tourism destination image.
PRESENTATION MODALITY: ORAL PRESENTATION
References:
Gruneau, R. ; Horne, J. (Ed.) (2015). Mega-Events and Globalization: Capital and Spectacle
in a Changing World Order. Routledge Research in Sport, Culture and Society. New york:
Routledge.
Mataruna, L. (2007). Percepção dos Jogos Pan-Americanos Rio 2007 por especialistas
internacionais em estudos Olímpicos. In: Rejane Penna Rodrigues; Leila Mirtes Magalhães
Pinto; Rodrigo Terra; Lamartine P. DaCosta. (Org.). Legados de Megaeventos Esportivos.
1ed.Brasília: Ministério do Esporte, 2008, v. 1, p. 337-342.
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Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 111
Roche, M. (2000) Mega-Events and Modernity: Olympics and expos in the growth of global
culture. Routledge, London. Chp, .1, p.1-30.
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SPORTS MEGA-EVENTS AND ADVERGAMES: AN ANALYSIS OF
MARIO AND SONIC IN RIO 2016 OLYMPIC GAMES
Andressa Guimarães-Mataruna1
Leonardo Mataruna1
Vanisssa Wanick2
1. Coventry University – CARNiVAL project sponsored by European Union's Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007-2013/under REA grant agreement n° 612614. 2. University of Southampton mataruna@gmail.com
The new tendencies of sport mega-events on video game are impacting in the feelings of the
consumers. It is a pathway to persuade youth people to become future users of sport video
games. The mega sport events became part of the routine of the Brazilians especially the
Olympic and Paralympic Games in Rio de Janeiro. Associated with these coming events,
products for consumption are created for different age profiles, goals and consumers,
principally in the market for games. The objective of this study is to search games,
advergames and Olympic Education related to the two sport mega events in Brazil in 2016. It
was applied a classification to investigate the subjects, design, the characters, perspectives,
research of brands (advergames) and elements of the Olympic values. The findings revealed
that just the game ‘Mario and Sonic and The Olympics’ focused on one only event without
include concepts of the Olympism. In conclusion, the Educational Values and the diversity of
Paralympics could be explored as part of sport mega- event legacy.
Keywords: Sport Mega Events, Legacies, Games, Advergames, and Olympic Values.
PRESENTATION MODALITY: ORAL PRESENTATION
References:
BIZZOCCHI, J; BEN LIN, M; TANENBAUM, J. Games, narrative and the design of interface.
International Journal of Arts and Technology. 4, 4, 460-479, Oct. 1, 2011.
BROOKEY, R.A.; OATES, T.P. (eds). Playing to Win: Sports, Video Games, and the
Culture of Play. Ed. Robert Alan Brookey and Thomas P. Oates. Indiana University Press,
2015.
WANICK, V.; RANCHHOD, A.; WILLS, G. Advergames e influências culturais no
comportamento do consumidor: uma análise do papel dos heróis, símbolos, rituais e
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Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 113
experiências contextuais. Intercom – Sociedade Brasileira de Estudos Interdisciplinares
da Comunicação. Rio de Janeiro: 2015
WANICK, V.; RANCHHOD, A.; WILLS, G. Cultural persuasive affordances in advergaming
design across cultures. Proceedings of the 19th International Academic Mindtrek
Conference on - AcademicMindTrek ’15. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 22 set.
2015. Disponível em: <http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2818187.2818293>. Acesso em:
28.1.2016
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THE UNDERSTANDING OF CRITICAL THINKING TROUGH’S
CONSTRUCTION UNDER THE USE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY
DEVICES: A THEORY PROPOSED BY CYBERNETICS SCIENCE
Lucia Helena Cavalcanti das Neves Valle
Richard Mitchell
University of Reading L.H.Valle@pgr.reading.ac.uk
Abstract: Concern for critical learning spaces within the school emerges in the digital
generation, as an urgent need. Critical thinkers will be more adaptable to technologies and
therefore the most likely to succeed in their activities. John Dewey, in his studies, has
emphasised the need for reconstruction of everyday school practice, suggesting that is
imperative abandon the ready-to-use models and work on a reflective philosophy of
educational practice (Dewey, 2007). Now, this discussion seems to take shape (Almeida,
2011; Facione, 2000) as the information analysis skills that are directly related to critical
thinking, have been discussed in the context of digital natives (Prensky, 2005), having,
however, a need of bringing about the concepts relevant critical thinking the digital
generation since it is organized and moves differently from "paper culture".
Issues relating to understanding and learning have been classified in conventional academic
terms, giving a focus to Digital Technologies as a matter just of technology, forgetting to
address them as part of a broader understanding of the world. Attempts by current cognitive
models in dealing with technology in school have only been able to see it as an instrument, a
tool within a larger process, forgetting that we are dealing with the issues in a grander
system. The science of Cybernetics seeks to understand the present in an interdisciplinary
approach in general and particularly pausing in cyberspace and how that effects humans
and their relationships. This research will seek a deeper understanding of critical thinking
and technology using the methods of Cybernetics.
Keywords: Critical Thinking, Cybernetics, Human Cognition
MODE OF PRESENTATION: POSTER PRESENTATION
References:
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Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 115
Almeida, M. E. B. D. (2011). Tecnologia e educação a distância: abordagens e contribuições
dos ambientes digitais e interativos de aprendizagem. Revista Brasileira de Educação a
Distância, 6.
Dewey, J. (2007). Experience and education. Simon and Schuster.
Facione, P. A. (1990). Critical Thinking: A Statement of Expert Consensus for Purposes of
Educational Assessment and Instruction. Research Findings and Recommendations.
Prensky, M. (2001). Digital natives, digital immigrants part 1. On the horizon,9(5), 1-6.
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Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 116
FERDINAND REBAY’S CHAMBER SONATAS: CONTEXT,
ANALYSIS, PERFORMANCE AND RECEPTION
Luiz Mantovani
Royal College of Music lucamjr@gmail.com
Abstract:
A closer look at the 19th century guitar developments in Austria reveals a decline in activity
during the second half of that century. As a consequence, there is an absence of relevant
guitar chamber music repertoire from the Romantic period, in contrast to what had happened
in Vienna in the early 1800s (BUEK, 1926; HUBER, 1995; HACKL, 2011). The unearthing of
Viennese composer Ferdinand Rebay (1880-1953) in the early 2000s revealed a wealth of
original works written for guitar and other instruments. Although he lived in a period
commonly associated with the Modernism and beyond, it has been suggested that Rebay’s
writing shares stylistic traces with those of Romantic master Johannes Brahms (GAITZSCH,
2006), thus offering an alternative to the absence of original romantic repertoire. This project
deals with a specific group of pieces written by Rebay between 1925 and 1942: his nine
sonatas for melodic instrument and guitar. It is being conducted in three fronts, unified by
contextual, analytical and practical procedures. Firstly, I propose to investigate Rebay’s life
and career through the few available biographical sources and contextualize it against the
background of the immense historical, political, social and cultural changes that
encompassed his life's period. It also addresses his extreme conservative style in a period of
modernist developments, represented in Vienna by composers such as Gustav Mahler and
Arnold Schoenberg. The second part involves an in-depth investigation of the group of
sonatas, culminating with a presentation of case studies. Each case study addresses a
particular question raised from a variety of musicological approaches, including practice-
based ones fed by my own experience in studying and performing these works. Finally, the
third part examines the reception of this music by today’s audiences and performers.
Through questionnaires directed at audiences (concert and online) and interviews with the
chamber music partners, it will be possible to go beyond individual taste and conceive a
collective evaluation of Rebay’s music.
Keywords: chamber music, guitar, Ferdinand Rebay, Modernism, sonata, Vienna
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
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References:
Buek, Fritz. Die Gitarre und ihre Meister. Berlin-Lichterfelde : Schlesinger’sche Buch- und
Musikhandlung, 1926.
Bujic, Bojan. Arnold Schoenberg. London: Phaidon, 2010.
Gaitzsch, Johann. “Ferdinand Rebay, Forgotten Brahms Epigone or Major Guitar
Composer?". Soundboard XXXI, no.4 (2006).
Hackl, Stefan. Die Gitarre in Österreich : von Abate Costa bis Zykan. Innsbruck:
StudienVerlag, 2011.
Huber, Karl. Die Wiederbelebung des künstlerischen Gitarrespiels um 1900 :
Untersuchungen zur Sozialgeschichte des Laienmusikwesens und zur Tradition der
klassischen Gitarre. Augsburg : Lisardo, 1995.
Rebay, Ferdinand. “Prof. Ferdinand Rebay – Gitarrekomposition." Österreichisches
Gitarrezeitschrift 1 (1926): 2, 3.
—. “Sonate in C-dur für Oboe und Gitarre“, autograph’s score, 17/01/1942. F40.Rebay.12
Mus. Austrian National Library, Vienna, Austria.
Taruskin, Richard. Music in the Early Twentieth Century. Oxford : Oxford University Press,
2010.
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ESTUDO COMPARATIVO DE SAIS DO NEUROTRANSMISSOR
TIRAMINA
Lygia S. de Moraes* e Alan R. Kennedy
WestCHEM, Departamento de Quimica Pura e Aplicada, Universide de Strathclyde. Glasgow, G1 1XL, Reino Unido. *lygia.silva-de-moraes@strath.ac.uk
Resumo: O desenvolvimento de sais de ingredientes farmacêuticos ativos é um método de
formulação de medicamentos importante para as indústrias farmacêuticos, uma vez que é
uma via eficaz para aumentar a solubilidade do ingrediente ativo em água o que, por sua
vez, melhora a capacidade de dissolução do medicamento em solução aquosa e a
biodisponibilidade da droga no corpo humano (Pudipeddi et al., 2002; Pfannkuch et al.,
2002). Criar formas salinas de ingredientes farmacêuticos ativos, pode modificar outras
propriedades físico-químicas do produto, como por exemplo, aumentar o ponto de fusão e
alterar higroscopicidade, sabor, estabilidade, biodisponibilidade e toxicidade (Gibson, 2009;
Berge et al., 1977). Em contrapartida, a formação do sal com um contra-íon inativo diminui a
percentagem de conteúdo ativo na droga, tornando-se necessário aumentar a ingestão de
medicamento para se obter o mesmo resultado (Bowker, 2012).
A fim de aumentar a disponibilidade da ingrediente farmacêutico ativo em sua forma salina
foram sintetizados quatro novos sais do neurotransmissor tiramina utilizando como contra-
íon o ácido ftálico ou ácido oxálico; dois sais com estequiometria 1:1 cátion-ânion
(hidrogenoftalato de tiramina e hidrogenooxalato de tiramina) e dois sais com
estequiometria 2:1 cátion-ânion (ftalato de tiramina e oxalato de tiramina). Suas estruturas
cristalinas foram determinadas utilizando Difração de Raios-X de Monocristal e analisadas
de acordo com a conformação do cátion e ligações de hidrogênio que ocorrem entre as
moléculas (Briggs et al., 2012). Ambas as estruturas com estequiometria 1:1 contém um
cátion cristalograficamente independente por unidade assimétrica (Z'=1), enquanto ftalato
de tiramina contém Z'=2 e oxalato de tiramina contém Z'=4. Todos os cátions presentes na
hidrogenoftalato de tiramina, ftalato de tiramina e oxalato de tiramina possuem conformação
estendida, enquanto o cátion presente no sal hidrogenooxalato de tiramina possui
conformação dobrada. A análise de ligações de hidrogênio mostra que as interações mais
fortes, ou seja, que possuem distância entre o átomo doador de prótons e o átomo receptor
de prótons mais curtas, envolvem átomos de hidrogênio compartilhados por fragmentos
aniônicos que se propagam na estrutura cristalina através de uma cadeia de ligação de
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hidrogênio nos sais hidrogenoftalato de tiramina e hidrogenooxalato de tiramina. Ligações
de hidrogênio fracas e moderados ocorrem entre fragmentos catiônicos nos sais
hidrogenoftalato de tiramina, hidrogenooxalato de tiramina e ftalato de tiramina. Todas as
estruturas tem em comum ligações de hidrogênio fracas e moderadas entre o cátion RNH3+,
que atua como um grupo doador de prótons, e um átomo de oxigênio do ânion carboxilato,
que atua como um grupo receptor de prótons. A presença de um outro cátion na estrutura
cristalina do sal aumenta o aparecimento de cadeias de propagação e anéis entre as
ligações de hidrogênio (Etter, 1990). Gerando o sal ftalato de tiramina e oxalato de tiramina,
ao invés de hidrogenoftalato de tiramina e hidrogenooxalato de tiramina, aumenta a
disponibilidade do ingrediente farmacêutico ativo em 17,18% e 14,75%, respectivamente.
Palavras–chave: Tiramina, sal, estrutura cristalina, gifração de raios-x de monocristal, conformação,
ligações de hidrogênio, ingredientes farmacêuticos ativos
MODALIDADE DE APRESENTAÇÃO: PÔSTER.
Referências:
Berge, S. M., Bighley, L. D. & Monkhouse, D. C. (1977). Pharmaceutical Salts. Journal of
Pharmaceutical Sciences. Vol. 66, No. 1.
Bowker, M.J. (2002). A procedure for salt selection and optimization. In: Stahl PH, Wermuth
CG, eds. Handbook of Pharmaceutical Salts. Zurich: Wiley-VCH.
Briggs, N. E. B., Kennedy, A. R. & Morrison, C. A. (2012). Acta Cryst. B68, 453–464
Etter, M. C. (1990). Acc. Chem. Res. 23, 120–126.
Gibson, M. (2009). Pharmaceutical Preformulation and Formulation - A Practical Guide from
Candidate Drug Selection to Commercial Dosage Form. 2nd ed. Informa Healthcare USA,
Inc.
Pudipeddi, M., Serajuddin, A. T. M., Grant, D. J. W. & Stahl, P. H. (2002). Solubility and
dissolution of weak acids, bases and salts. In: Stahl, P. H., Wermuth, C. G., eds. Handbook
of Pharmaceutical Salts. Zurich: Wiley-VCH.
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Pfannkuch, F., Rettig, H. & Stahl, P. H. (2002). Biological effects of the drug salt form. In:
Stahl, P. H., Wermuth, C. G., eds. Handbook of Pharmaceutical Salts. Zurich: Wiley-VCH.
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VITAMIN D SUPPLEMENTATION IN BRAZILIAN WOMEN LIVING
IN OPPOSITE LATITUDES (THE D-SOL STUDY)
M.M. Mendes, K. Hart, L. Tripkovic, P.B. Botelho and S.A. Lanham-New
University of Surrey, United Kindgom mendesmarcelam@gmail.com
Abstract: There is worldwide consensus that vitamin D (VitD) deficiency is a public health
issue, with concomitant detrimental health effects including bone health, inflammatory and
heart diseases, type I and II diabetes and multiple sclerosis. Given the important contribution
of sunlight exposure to the production and maintenance of adequate serum VitD levels, its
deficiency would be expected to be restricted to high latitude countries. However, studies
conducted in sunny countries show that VitD deficiency is a common phenomenon,
highlighting the need to investigate other influencing factors. In Brazil specifically, dietary
sources are limited, and the few foods known to contribute are not commonly consumed.
Furthermore, melanin is responsible for skin pigmentation and acts as a filter in the skin
absorbing UVB rays, thus affecting the cutaneous production of pre-VitD in darker skins. The
VitD receptor gene plays an important role in VitD metabolism and polymorphisms in this
gene can potentially affect VitD expression. These documented influences on VitD status
emphasize the need to monitor VitD serum levels and determine supplementation guidelines
for different ethnic groups. This study hypothesises that VitD supplementation will be
required to achieve optimal serum concentration in Brazilian people living in Brazil and in the
United Kingdom and that this response is influenced by baseline VitD status, sunlight
exposure, skin pigmentation, diet and polymorphisms of the VitD receptor gene. Two 12
week controlled, randomized, double-blind clinical trials will be undertaken (one in the UK
and the other in Brazil). A questionnaire to screen for relevant inclusion and exclusion
criteria will be used to recruit, in each country, 80 female Brazilian participants, aged 20 to
59 years. The women will be randomised into two groups: Placebo Group and
Supplemented Group, the latter receiving 600IU VitD daily. The first clinical trial will run in
the UK from October 2016 to March 2017 (autumn-winter) and then the second will run in
Brazil from April 2017 to September 2017 (autumn-winter). Following analysis of the effect
of VitD supplementation compared to placebo within and between countries, we propose to
analyse genome-wide transcriptomic expression within leukocytes of selected participants in
order to associate specific signal transduction and metabolic pathways to respective VitD
responses. The ‘systems level’ approach will enable us to identify differences in gene
expression and the contribution of this to the variations in response to supplementation
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(‘good’ responders versus ‘poor’ responders). This is the first study that will examine two
population groups of the same ethnic group and sex, living in different countries, with
identical design studies. Our results will determine the relative importance of
supplementation and sunlight exposure to serum VitD levels, comparing people living in the
southern hemisphere, where there is abundant sunlight exposure, with people living in the
northern hemisphere, where there is limited exposure to adequate sunlight. We will also
compare the genetic influences on their response to supplementation. The data will provide
both countries with key information to dietary recommendations for VitD in Brazilian women.
Keywords: Brazilian, Deficiency, Sunlight, Vitamin D, Women.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: 3 MINUTE + 1 SLIDE PRESENTATION.
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CLIMATE AND CARBON CYCLE DYNAMICS IN THE EOCENE-
OLIGOCENE BOUNDARY BASED ON PALYNOLOGICAL
ANALYSES FROM MISSISSIPPI, GULF COAST PLAIN
Marcelo Augusto de Lira Mota1, Roger Burgess1,2, Tom Dunkley Jones1
1University of Birmingham, United Kingdom 2University of Aberdeen, United Kingdom mal546@bham.ac.uk
Abstract: The Eocene-Oligocene transition (E/OT: ~34 Ma) is the largest climate transition
of the past 65 million years. In less than 0.5 Ma, deep-ocean benthic foraminiferal oxygen
isotope ratios (δ18O) record a large (>1‰) positive step-change, corresponding to a deep-
water cooling and massive increase in the terrestrial cryosphere, as Antarctic ice sheets
grew to a continental extent (Coxall et al., 2005; Lear et al., 2008; Liu et al., 2009). This
coincided with a long-term transition from high to low-pCO2 levels, and from a greenhouse
to icehouse climate state (Zachos et al., 2008; Pagani et al., 2011). Recent coccolith-
dominated high-resolution bulk carbonate isotopic records from the eastern Equatorial
Pacific show a pronounced negative shift in both δ18O and δ13C between ~35.5 and 34.5
Ma, prior to the E/OT (Wilson et al., in prep.). Here we present new data from this pre-cursor
interval, through into the E/OT, from continuously cored continental shelf section on the US
Gulf Coast. Composed of ~137m (15-152m deep) Yazoo Formation clays, these yield high
quality microfossil, and palynomorph preservation. More than one hundred palynological
slides provided a ~28kyr resolution biostratigraphy, including a number of potentially useful
palynomorph bioevents and palaeoenvironmental reconstruction. The Eocene-Oligocene
boundary was placed at 87ft within the core. The species richness between ~35.5 and 34.5
Ma initially has a sharp increase but then suddenly decreases. This behavior can be
interpreted as a response to the environmental change. If the species are analysed
separately, those from restricted to inner neritic environments (e.g. Homotryblium floripes,
Homotryblium oceanicum) tend to disappear across the cited range, while those from outer
neritic to oceanic environments (e.g. Pentadinium laticinctum) tend to peak in abundance,
which may indicate a relative transgression during the pre-cursor shift. This is in accordance
with the negative long-term oxygen isotope shift. The system tract model proposed here is
characterized by a transgressive system tract at 491-399ft and a high stand system tract at
399-51ft. A maximum (399ft) and a minor (251ft) flooding surface were detected inside the
core, which is supported by previously published sequence stratigraphy models. The next
step of this project aims to generate a new high resolution fine-fraction (<20µm) bulk
carbonate stable isotope records through the latest Eocene and the Eocene/Oligocene
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transition. This would provide a further stratigraphic and palaeoclimatic framework for the
interpretation of the palynological data. This work was supported by CNPq, National Council
for Scientific and Technological Development (Brazil).
Keywords: Eocene-Oligocene transition, Gulf Coast Plain, palaeoclimate change, palynomorphs
MODE OF PRESENTATION: POSTER PRESENTATION.
References:
Coxall, H. et al. 2005, Nature, 433: 53-57.
Lear, C. H., et al., 2008, Geology, 36: 251-254.
Liu, Z., et al. 2009, Science, 323: 1187-1190.
Pagani, M. et al. 2011, Science, 334: 1261-1264.
Zachos, J., et al., 2008, Nature, 451: 279-283.
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HABITAT USE, ENVIRONMENTAL DRIVERS AND CONNECTIVITY
OF FISHES AMONG NEARSHORE HABITATS
Marcelo Paes Gomes, Leonie Robinson and Matthew Spencer
School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool mpgomes@liv.ac.uk
Abstract: Nearshore habitats are important for reproduction, feeding and growth of many
fish species and are usually subject to seasonal influxes of adults from other habitats.
Understanding which drivers make these habitats suitable for fish species and, in particular,
why this might vary seasonally is relevant to resource management. On the southeastern
Brazilian coast, detached macrophytes are carried by surface currents and swell and
deposited along beaches in winter (Dry period), but are absent in summer, nutrient-enriched
Rain period. They are likely to improve refuge and food for fishes and invertebrates. Can an
environmental driver determine what happens to the species found in these habitats? In a
complex environment, composed by a mosaic of different habitats, to what extent will
different fish species respond to the driver in similar ways? This project aims to determine
how the presence of detached macrophytes affects fish populations strongly enough to be
considered an environmental driver for this region. Different, adjacent coastal areas in the
southern coast of Espírito Santo State were surveyed from 2003 to 2012, comprising a
range of habitats including Shelf (Oct/2003 to Sep/2004), Rockpools (Aug/2005 to
Jun/2007), Estuaries (Jan/2006 to Dec/2006, and May/2011 to Apr/2012), Reefs (Jan/2009
to Dec/2009), Sand beaches (Apr/2010 to Nov/2010) and Inner shelf (May/2011 to
Apr/2012). In all sites fishes were identified, counted and size measured, being some
specific studies attempted to gender, reproductive status, feeding and stable isotopes
analysis. First, we attempted to evaluate how detached macrophytes influence fish size in
inner shelf habitats. Stable isotopes results leads to biomass sharing from Rhodophyta to
Sciaenid fishes through epifaunal crustacean diet. Juvenile fish abundance, size and
condition were enhanced in Dry period. Effects on fish sizes were modeled to be applied to
nearby habitats and further to North Sea fish populations, using available information from
International Council for Exploration of the Seas (ICES) database. These data will be used to
develop an Ecological Connectivity index for adjacent, coastal habitats as a management
tool, making possible to consider environmental losses into marine impact accountabilities.
Keywords: Environmental drivers, fish responses, habitats similarities, enhanced size, stable isotopes, fish
feeding
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
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References
Andrades, R., Gomes, M. P., Pereira-filho, G. H., Souza-filho, J. F., Albuquerque, C. Q., &
Martins, A. S. 2014. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. The influence of allochthonous
macroalgae on the fish communities of tropical sandy beaches, 144, 75–81.
Bergamino, L., Lercari, D., Defeo, O. 2012. Terrestrial trophic subsidy in sandy beaches:
evidence from stable isotope analysis in organic matter sources and isopod Excirolana
armata. Aquat. Biol. 14: 129-134.
Ben-David, M. e Schell, D. M. 2001. Mixing models in analyses of diet using multiple stable
isotopes : a response, Oecologia 127:180–184.
Cherel, Y., Hobson, K. A., & Guinet, C. 2007. Stable isotopes document seasonal changes
in trophic niches and winter foraging individual specialization in diving predators from the
Southern Ocean, 826–836. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2656.2007.01238.x
Crawley, K. R. & Hyndes, G. A. 2007. The role of different types of detached macrophytes in
the food and habitat choice of a surf-zone inhabiting amphipod. Marine Biology. 151:1433–
1443.
Crowder, L.B. & W.E. Cooper. 1982. Habitat structural complexity and the interaction
between bluegills and their prey. Ecology 63: 1802–1813.
Defeo, O., MacLachlan, A. 2013. Global patterns in sandy beach macrofauna: Species
richness, abundance, biomass and body size. Geomorphology 199: 106–114.
Fry, B. (2006) Stable Isotope Ecology. Springer-Verlag, New York.
Gomes, M. P., Cunha, M. S. & Zalmon, I. R. 2003. Spatial and Temporal Variations of
Diurnal Ichthyofauna on Surf-Zone of São Francisco do Itabapoana Beaches, Rio de Janeiro
State, Brazil. Brazil. Arch. Biol. Technol. 46 (4): 653-664.
Ince, R.; Hyndes, G. A.; Lavery, P. S. & Vanderklift M. A. 2007. Marine macrophytes directly
enhance abundances of sandy beach fauna through provision of food and habitat. Estuar.
Coast. Shelf. Sci., 74: 77–86.
Krauss, K.W., Lovelock, C.E., McKee, K.L., López-Hoffman, L., Ewe, S.M.L., Sousa, W.P.
2008. Environmental drivers in mangrove establishment and early development: A review.
Aquat. Bot., 89 (2008), pp. 105–127
Leakey, C. D. B., Attrill, M. J., Jennings, S., & Fitzsimons, M. F. 2008. Stable isotopes in
juvenile marine fishes and their invertebrate prey from the Thames Estuary, UK, and
adjacent coastal regions, 77. doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2007.10.007
Lenanton, R. C. J.; Robertson, A. I. & Hansen, J. A. 1982. Nearshore Accumulations of
Detached Macrophytes as Nursery Areas for Fish. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 9: 51-57.
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Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 127
Lercari, D., Bergamino, L., & Defeo, O. 2010. Trophic models in sandy beaches with
contrasting morphodynamics: Comparing ecosystem structure and biomass flow. Ecological
Modelling, 221(23), 2751–2759. doi:10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2010.08.027
Link, J. S. 2005. Translating ecosystem indicators into decision criteria. ICES Journal of
Marine Science, 62: 569-576.
Link, J. S., Yemane, D., Shannon, L. J., Coll, M., Shin, Y-J., Hill, L., and Borges, M. F. 2010.
Relating marine ecosystem indicators to fishing and environmental drivers: an elucidation of
contrasting responses. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 787–795.
Lucena, F. M.; Vaske Jr, T,; Ellis, J. R. & Brien, C. M. 2000. Seasonal variation in the diets of
bluefishes, Pomatomus saltatrix (Pomatomidae) and striped weakfish, Cynoscion guatucupa
(Sciaenidae) in the southern Brazil: implication of food partitioning. Environmental Biology of
Fishes. v.57, p. 423-434.
Oppedal, F, Dempster, T and Stien, L. 2011. Environmental drivers of Atlantic salmon
behaviour in sea-cages: a review. Aquaculture, 311: 1–18.
Tam, J., Taylor, M. H., Blaskovic, V., Espinoza, P., Michael Ballón, R., Díaz, E., Wosnitza-
Mendo, C., et al. 2008. Trophic modeling of the Northern Humboldt Current Ecosystem, Part
I: Comparing trophic linkages under La Niña and El Niño conditions. Progress in
Oceanography, 79(2-4), 352–365. doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2008.10.007
Werner, E. E., Gilliam, J. F., Hall, D. J., Mittelbach, G. G. 1983a. An experimental test of the
effects of predation risk on habitat use in fish. Ecology 64:1540-48.
Werner, E. E., Mittelbach, G. G., Hall, D. J., Gilliam, J. F. 1983b. Experimental tests of
optimal habitat use in fish: The role of relative habitat profitability. Ecology 64:1549-55.
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SUSTAINABLE EPOXY RESINS FOR MARITIME APPLICATION:
PROJECT OVERVIEW AND PRELIMINARY RESULTS
Marcos A. G. Benega¹, Robert Raja², James I. R. Blake¹
University of Southampton ¹Faculty of Engineering and the Environment – Fluid Structure Interaction ²Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences - Functional Inorganic, Materials and Supramolecular Chemistry marcosagbenega@gmail.com
Abstract: Human activity has extensively been based on non-renewable resources, as
petroleum. These derivatives are used not only as fuels but also in the production of a
variety of chemicals. In this sense, there is a great need of studying and developing
sustainable compounds able to replace the petroleum derivatives.
Vegetable oils contain triglycerides that can be used in this challenge. They naturally contain
instaurations that can be transformed into desired products, as epoxides. These epoxide
groups can be used in the production of epoxy resins, however, their properties must be
studied and their use mastered.
The production of epoxy resins from vegetable oils is well known but it employs harmful
chemicals as carboxylic acids and concentrated hydrogen peroxide. To avoid this harsh
conditions, the use of solid catalysts is being studied. This solid catalyst is formed from
silicon (Si) and aluminium (Al) tetra coordinated with oxygen (O), these molecules are
arranged in such a way as to form a crystalline structure, but containing pores and cavities.
For the selective epoxidation of vegetable oils with hydrogen peroxide, one of the most
commonly used zeolites is the titano-silicate (TS-1).
The present project aims to produce epoxy resins from vegetable oils of different sources,
they are soybean, camelina and linseed. The differences in their fatty acid methyl ester
composition can affect reaction yields, curing and cured resin properties.
In this work, some results of Near Infrared (NIR) Spectrometry are presented. This technique
is now being studied as a tool for tracking the reactions used in the production of the epoxy
resins from the vegetable oils. The preliminary results are satisfactory and the technique can
be employed.
Further work will be done using NIR spectrometry and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR),
Gas Chromatography may also be studied. The best reaction parameters will be
investigated. Resin curing will initially be made with phenalkamines and phenalkamides,
which are derived from cashew nut shell liquid. These curing agents bring a series of desired
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properties to the epoxy systems, as water resistance, very well desired in maritime
applications.
Mechanical, chemical and thermic testing will be also performed in the cured resins for
understating their behavior when applied where conventional epoxy usually is, especially for
maritime application.
The main motivations for using NIR spectrometry are: its availability, readiness in sample
preparations for many cases and velocity of analysis. NIR also has some limitations which
make the quantitative analyses laborious. The peaks in NIR spectra are overlapped and
finding those that can be used is necessary, thus the results were compared to NMR for a
preliminary validation. The reaction yields were not high, which was expected as the
triglycerides are large molecules and do not diffuse well through the TS-1 pores. However,
both techniques showed similar results, meaning that NIR can be used for tracking the initial
reactions which are being applied in this step of the work.
Keywords: Bio-resins, epoxidation, epoxy resins, near infrared spectrometry, transesterification, zeolites.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
References:
Abdullah, B.M. & Salimon, J., 2010. Epoxidation of vegetable oils and fatty acids. Journal of
Applied Sciences, 10(15).
Adewale, P. et al., 2014. Determination of the iodine value and the free fatty acid content of
waste animal fat blends using FT-NIR. Vibrational Spectroscopy, 72, pp.72–78.
Azizian, H. & Kramer, J.K.G., 2005. A rapid method for the quantification of fatty acids in fats
and oils with emphasis on trans fatty acids using fourier transform near infrared
spectroscopy (FT-NIR). Lipids, 40(8), pp.855–67.
Biermann, U. et al., 2000. New Syntheses with Oils and Fats as Renewable Raw Materials
for the Chemical Industry. Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English), 39(13),
pp.2206–2224.
Clerici, M., 1993. Epoxidation of Lower Olefins with Hydrogen Peroxide and Titanium
Silicalite. Journal of Catalysis, 140(1), pp.71–83.
Danov, S.M. et al., 2013. Mechanism of olefin epoxidation in the presence of a titanium-
containing zeolite. Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 87(11), pp.1809–1812.
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Ding, C. & Matharu, A.S., 2014. Recent Developments on Biobased Curing Agents: A
Review of Their Preparation and Use. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2(10),
pp.2217–2236.
Dzielendziak, A.S. et al., 2015. Spectroscopic chemical insights leading to the design of
versatile sustainable composites for enhanced marine application. RSC Adv., 5(122),
pp.101221–101231.
Huali, X. et al., 2008. A review on heterogeneous solid catalysts and related catalytic
mechanisms for epoxidation of olefins with H2O2. Chemical & Biochemical Engineering
Quarterly, 22(1), pp.25–39.
Malmstein, M., Chambers, A.R. & Blake, J.I.R., 2013. Hygrothermal ageing of plant oil based
marine composites. Composite Structures, 101, pp.138–143.
Parreira, T.F. et al., 2002. Quantitative Determination of Epoxidized Soybean Oil Using
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Multivariate Calibration. Applied Spectroscopy, 56(12),
pp.1607–1614.
Petrie, E.M., 2005. Epoxy Adhesive Formulations 1st ed., Mexico: McGraw-Hill Professional.
Serrano, D. et al., 2009. Turning TS-1 zeolite into a highly active catalyst for olefin
epoxidation with organic hydroperoxides. Chemical communications (Cambridge, England),
(11), pp.1407–9.
Téllez, G.L., Vigueras-Santiago, E. & Hernández-López, S., 2009. Characterization of
linseed oil epoxidized at different percentages. Superficies y vacío, 22(1), pp.5–10.
Wilde, N. et al., 2015. Highly efficient nano-sized TS-1 with micro-/mesoporosity from
desilication and recrystallization for the epoxidation of biodiesel with H 2 O 2. Green Chem.,
17(6), pp.3378–3389.
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DIFFERENTIALLY EXPRESSED GENES IN HIGH GRADE OVARIAN
SEROUS CARCINOMA OF RESPONSIVE AND NON-RESPONSIVE
PATIENTS TO CHEMOTHERAPY
Mariana Rezende Alves, Nayra Soares do Amaral, André Mourão Lavorato-Rocha,
Alexandre André Balieiro Anastácio da Costa, Glauco Baiochi Neto, Fernando Augusto
Soares, Louise De Brot Andrade, Rafael Malagoli Rocha.
Mariana Rezende Alves PhD Student- Oncology International Center of Research and Teaching (CIPE). Department of Anatomy Pathology (AC Camargo Cancer Center). São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Sandwich PhD: Poundbury Cancer Institute – CADQAS. Dorchester. Dorset email: mariana.rezendealves@gmail.com
Abstract:
Ovarian cancer is the fifth most common cancer in Europe for females and the seventh most
common cancer worldwide. It is the 13th most common cancer overall, with around 65,600
new cases diagnosed in 2012. It is estimated 6,150 new cases of ovarian cancer in Brazil in
2016, with an estimated risk of 5.95 cases per 100 000 women; the fifth incident in the
Midwest, with an estimated risk of 6.96 / 100,000. Most deaths are of patients presenting
with advanced stage, high grade serous ovarian cancer with nearly 70% of cases. The
standard of care is surgery followed by platinum/taxane chemotherapy. Currently available
clinical and molecular prognostic factors provide an imperfect assessment of prognosis for
patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. During treatment, a large number of women with
ovarian cancer eventually relapse and die of the disease. Platinum resistant cancer recurs in
approximately 25% of patients within 6 months and overall 5-year survival is 31%.
To better understand the biological and clinical features seen in ovarian serous carcinoma,
we analyzed gene expression profiles of 11 primary ovarian cancers stratified in a
homogeneous group based on their surgery, FIGO stage, histology and chemotherapeutic
response during 2 years of follow up.
We used microarray technology by simultaneously hybridizing ovarian RNA samples and
reference mRNA. The genes selected for further analysis were categorized into up or down
regulated in accordance with a defined threshold of fold change of ≥4.0 and ≤ –4.0,
respectively. In silico Functional Analysis was performed using the Ingenuity Pathway
Analysis (IPA) to evaluate the 561 genes obtained based on a hierarchical clusterization of
the expression data according to chemotherapy response (chemosensitive and
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chemoresistant tumors). These genes were statically significant (P < 0.001) thought the
Linear Models for Microarray. The IPA analysis showed genes with potential relationship
with cancer and other molecular disorder as cell-to-cell signaling and interaction, molecular
transport, and cell death and survival (p > 0.001) and also identified the top 10 modulators
genes as TP63, ERP27, XAGE2, HOXA9, CAPN13*, MMP10, METTL25, AGR2, SYNPO2
and PSCA.
These data show that gene expression profiling can discriminate primary chemoresistant
from primary chemosensitive ovarian cancers and that these genes might represent potential
targets for future investigation and potential therapeutic interventions.
Keywords: high grade ovarian serous carcinoma, chemotherapy response, chemoresistant, microarray,
gene expression.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: POSTER PRESENTATION
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INTERACTION BETWEEN COGNITIVE ABILITY, ENERGETICS
AND PERSONALITY IN HERMIT CRAB
Mariana Velasque & Mark Briffa
Plymouth University mariana.velasqueborges@plymouth.ac.uk
Resumo: Cognition is the process by which animals acquire, process, store and
manipulate information about their environment (Shettleworth, 2009). It comprises of
perception, memory, learning and decision making and, by consequence, is considered to
be an energetically demanding component of life history variation (Dukas, 1998; Giurfa &
Menzel, 2013). Thus, cognitive ability is expected to show consistent among individual
variation and might co-vary with other aspects of behaviour such as boldness (Smith et al.,
2008). We investigate whether cognitive ability is correlated with metabolic rate (MR) and
among individual differences in mean boldness in the hermit crab Pagurus bernhardus. To
estimate cognition, we evaluate the assessment of a new gastropod shell with a higher or
lower quality as the previously owned by the hermit crab (Hills, 2006). We expected that
individuals with higher cognitive ability will be more likely to accept a higher quality shell or
reject a poor one in less time than individuals with a lower cognitive ability. Surprisingly, we
found no correlation between cognitive ability, MR and boldness in P. bernhardus. However,
we found a positive correlation between mass and cognition. Our results indicate that
cognition may have different neural processes that maintain a low energy consumption
during tasks and also that such process might be age-related.
Key words: cognition, energetics, life-history strategies, marine invertebrate, personality
MODE OF PRESENTATION: 3 MINUTE + 1 SLIDE
References:
Dukas, R. (1998). Cognitive ecology: the evolutionary ecology of information processing and
decision making (Vol. 1). University of Chicago Press.
Giurfa, M., & Menzel, R. (2013). Cognitive Components of Insect Behavior. Invertebrate
Learning and Memory.
Hills, T. T. (2006). Animal Foraging and the Evolution of Goal‐Directed Cognition. Cognitive
Science, 30(1), 3-41.
Shettleworth, S. J. (2009). Cognition, evolution, and behavior. Oxford University Press.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years
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Smith, B. R., & Blumstein, D. T. (2008). Fitness consequences of personality: a meta-
analysis. Behavioral Ecology, 19(2), 448-455.
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OBESITY: IS THIS GLOBAL EPIDEMIC ALSO LEADING TO
CANCER?
Marília Cristina de Oliveira Gonzaga
Queen Mary University of London/ Universidade Federal de Pernambuco marilia.cogonzaga@gmail.com
Abstract: Obesity is defined as an excess of fat accumulation in the body and it has the
potential to cause different health issues. Lamentably, this major concern is now considered
an epidemic because of the increased prevalence worldwide, influencing different diseases,
such as ischaemic heart disease, muscle-skeletal conditions, stroke and type II diabetes (1).
In the past few years, scholars started to study a possible association between obesity and
cancer. Cancer cells suffer directly the influence of the environment, affecting its proliferation
towards the body. That happens because cancer cells, as any other cell, require nutrients,
hormones and growth factors, provided by their surroundings. The link between an
individual’s nutrition and the initiation and progression of a malignant lesion may be one of
the underlying mechanisms of this complex interaction (2). According to different studies,
obesity was associated with a higher risk of death from pancreatic, colorectal, gallbladder,
liver and kidney cancer, Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and multiple myeloma in both sexes;
breast, ovarian, endometrial and cervical cancer in women; and leukaemia, esophageal,
stomach, and prostate cancer in men (3,4,5). Interestingly, most of the studies showed an
inverse association with lung cancer mortality, suggesting that obesity could be a protective
factor for lung cancer (3,6,7). Of course, obesity is not an isolated factor that implicates in
most of the cancers; not all obese individuals develop cancer and not all patients with cancer
are obese. Obesity is possibly a mirror of underlying dysfunctions that interact with a genetic
background and may lead to an increased susceptibility to cancer (8). Intentional weight loss
that happens with healthy habits, such as having a balanced diet and doing regular
exercises, may protect against cancer development (2,9). Since obesity appears as a global
epidemic and cancer is the second most prevalent cause of death in the world, there is an
urgent claim establish this possible association and act on both sides to prevent a major
issue. Unfortunately, we still do not have specific guidelines orientating the management and
screening of cancer in obese patients, despite their increased risk of having the disease (8).
At the same time that is known that not all cancers are susceptible to the effects of obesity,
more studies are necessary to evaluate the patients at risk for those specific types of cancer
that are influenced by obesity, in order to increase the chances of an early diagnosis and
consequently cure.
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Keywords: cancer risk, health promotion, obesity.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: 3 MINUTE + 1 SLIDE PRESENTATION.
References:
1. World Health Organization (WHO). (2015) Obesity and Overweight.
http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/ (Accessed 9th February 2016).
2. Gallagher EJ, LeRoith D. (2015) Obesity and Diabetes: the increased risk of cancer and
cancer-related mortality. Physiol Rev 95: 727–748.
3. Calle EE, Rodriguez C, Walker-Thurmond K, Thun MJ. (2003) Overweight, obesity, and
mortality from cancer in a prospectively studied cohort of US adults. N Engl J Med 348:
1625–1638.
4. Harvie M, Hooper L, Howell AH. (2003) Central obesity and breast cancer risk: a
systematic review. Obesity Rev 4: 157–173.
5. Golabek T, Bukowczan J, Chlosta P, Powroznik J, Dobruch J, Borowka A. (2014) Obesity
and prostate cancer incidence and mortality: a systematic review of prospective cohort
studies. Urol Int 92: 7–14.
6. Renehan AG, Tyson M, Egger M, et al. (2008) Body-mass index and incidence of cancer:
a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective observational studies. Lancet 371:
569–578.
7. Leung CC, Lam TH, Yew WW, Chan WM, et al. (2011) Lower lung cancer mortality in
obesity. Int J Epidemiol 40(1):174-182.
8. Mazzarella L. (2015) Why does obesity promote cancer? Epidemiology, biology, and open
questions. Ecancer 9:554. DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2015.554
9. Birks S, Peeters A, Backholer K, et al. (2012) A systematic review of the impact of weight
loss on cancer incidence and mortality. Obesity Rev 13(10): 868–891.
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EURAL CORRELATES OF NUMBER PROCESSING IN INFANTS AND
CHILDREN BORN VERY PRETERM
Mérari Ferreira, Dr Michelle de Haan, Prof. Neil Marlow
University College London, Institute of Child Health, Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuropsychiatry Unit
merari.ferreira.12@ucl.ac.uk
Abstract: Individuals born very prematurely (<32 weeks gestational age) present a high
prevalence of learning difficulties, with low mathematical attainment being more frequent
than other learning difficulties, impacting markedly on their lives. A potential predictor to
mathematical attainment is the ability to discriminate large numbers (>3) mediated by the
Approximate Number System (ANS), a primitive cognitive system demonstrated even by
infants. While few studies have claimed that the ANS is a potential tool to predict
mathematical achievement, other studies did not found positive correlations, with other
number-related tasks claimed to be better predictors (e.g. symbolic magnitude comparison).
Additionally, the interplay of those basic numerical skills and executive functions, a strong
predictor to mathematical achievement, remains unclear. A potential technique that might
elucidate the neural basis of basic numerical abilities is event-related potentials (ERPs). It
has not been reported studies investigating the neural correlates of number processing in
infants and children born prematurely and its interplay with executive functions. Studying the
early stages of typical development and atypical development in conditions that can disrupt
mathematical achievement and number processing helps to elucidate the mechanisms by
which numerical representations are structured and change over development. Using event
related potentials (ERPs) and tasks number-related tasks, this study aims to investigate the
neural basis of numerical processing in infants and school aged children born very preterm
and it relations with executive functions. Because the neural basis of mathematic difficulties
in children born preterm has not been described in detail since infancy, this study might
enhance knowledge of the mechanisms of mathematics outcomes in children born preterm.
Keywords: event-related potentials, executive functions, numerical cognition, prematurity.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: POSTER PRESENTATION.
References:
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- Hyde, D. C., & Spelke, E. S. (2011). Neural signatures of number processing in human
infants: evidence for two core systems underlying numerical cognition. Developmental
Science, 14(2), 360-371. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-7687.2010.00987.x
- Xu, F., & Arriaga, R. I. (2007). Number discrimination in 10-month-old infants. British
Journal of Developmental Psychology, 25(1), 103-108. doi: 10.1348/026151005X90704
- Heine A, Tamm S, Wissmann J, Jacobs A. M. (2011). Electrophysiological correlates of
non-symbolic numerical magnitude processing in children: joining the dots.
Neuropsychologia, 49(12): 3238-46. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.07.028.
- Klein E, Moeller K, Kiechl-Kohlendorfer U, et al. Processing of Intentional and Automatic
Number Magnitudes in Children Born Prematurely: Evidence From fMRI. Developmental
Neuropsychology. 2014;39(5):342-364. doi:10.1080/87565641.2014.939179.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years
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MINIMUM SHIELDING GAS FLOW RATE ANALYSIS IN GMAW
PROCESS
Misael Pimentel1, Alexander M. Galloway1, Athanasios I. Toumpis1
1Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, UK misael.pimentel@strath.ac.uk
Abstract: The present study focuses on minimising the amount of shielding gas required
during the gas metal arc welding (GMAW) process by studying combinations of variables
such as torch velocity, nozzle diameter, wire feed speed and types of gases, also making
use of a novel process known as alternating shielding gases (ASG). The shielding gas flow
rate (SGFR) is typically set based on the operator’s experience due to recurrent lack of
information regarding its optimum value. Consequently, there is a tendency for gas wastage.
Previous studies state that the SGFR can be reduced to 6 L/min and 10 L/min in draft-free
and worst draft environments, respectively. For the presented rates however, no usage of
ASG in its minimum rate is demonstrated and there is considerable scope to evaluate this
extreme. Primarily, the minimum for a constant gas flow rate is identified followed by the use
of the ASG process. Both computational analysis and experimental trials are employed,
compared and examined using experimental and numerical methods such as transverse
tensile testing, bend testing, microstructural characterisation, hardness measurements and
computational fluid dynamics. In addition, methods such as Genetic Algorithm (GA) and
Schlieren visualisation assist in understanding the ASG behaviour.
Keywords: Alternating Shielding Gas, Gas Metal Arc Welding, Genetic Algorithm, Minimum Shielding
Gas Flow Rate, Schlieren.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
References
[1] Campbell, S. W., Galloway A. M. and McPherson N. A., 'Techno-economic
evaluation of reducing shielding gas consumption in GMAW whilst maintaining weld quality',
International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 63, No. 6-9, pp. 975-985,
2012.
[2] Campbell, S. W., Galloway, A. M. and McPherson, N. A., ‘Techno-economic
evaluation on the effects of alternating shielding gases for advanced joining processes’,
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Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering
Manufacture, Vol. 225, No. 10, pp. 1863-1872, 2011.
[3] Chang, Y. H., ‘Improve GMAW and GTAW with alternating shielding gases’, Welding
Journal, Vol. 85, No. 2, pp. 41-43, 2006.
[4] Jönsson, P. G., Eagar, T. W. and Szekely, J., ‘Heat and metal transfer in gas metal
arc welding using argon and helium’, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, Vol. 26,
No. 2, pp. 383-395, 1995.
[5] Kim, D., Rhee, S. and Park, H., 'Modelling and optimization of a GMA welding
process by genetic algorithm and response surface methodology', International Journal of
Production Research, Vol. 40, No. 7, pp. 1699-1711, 2002.
[6] Ramsey, G. M., Galloway, A. M., Campbell, S. W., McPherson, N. A. and Scanlon, T.
J., 'A computational fluid dynamic analysis of the effect of side draughts and nozzle diameter
on shielding gas coverage during gas metal arc welding', Journal of Materials Processing.
[7] Reeves, C.R., 'Using genetic algorithms with small populations', Proceedings of the
Fifth International Conference on Genetic Algorithms, 1993, California, USA.
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DEVELOPMENT, RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF THE SELF-
REGULATION OF EATING BEHAVIOUR QUESTIONNAIRE (SREBQ)
FOR ADULTS
Nathalie Kliemann, Rebecca Beeken and Fiona Johnson
Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Public, University College London nathalie.kliemann.13@ucl.ac.uk
Abstract: This abstract reports the development of the Self-regulation of Eating Behaviour
Questionnaire (SREBQ) for adults, and presents evidence for its reliability and construct
validity. Self-regulation refers broadly to the multiple processes involved in goal-directed
behaviour and encompasses management of behaviour, thoughts, feelings, attention and
environment in the pursuit of personal goals. The capacity to self-regulate eating behaviours
may help individuals to cope with the obesogenic environment and achieve, as well as
maintain, a healthy weight and diet. However, there is no comprehensive, reliable and valid
questionnaire to assess this capacity in the adult population. The aim of this study was to
address this gap by developing and validating a measure of eating self-regulatory capacity
for adults. The development of the SREBQ involved generation of an item pool, followed by
two pilot studies (Samples 1 and 2) and a study exploring the questionnaire’s underlying
factor structure (Sample 3). The final version of the SREBQ was then assessed for reliability
and construct validity (Sample 4). The process of developing the SREBQ resulted in a 5-item
psychometric scale. The face validity was satisfactory, as assessed by the pilot studies. The
factor structure analysis (Sample 3) suggested that it has one underlying factor, which was
confirmed performing the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) in a different sample (Sample
4). Evidence for the construct validity of the SREBQ was also found. The SREBQ showed a
positive correlation with general measures of self-regulation (p<0.001). It was also positively
correlated with motivation and behavioural automaticity for avoiding unhealthy foods, and
negatively correlated with food responsiveness and emotional over-eating (p<0.001). It also
showed good discriminant validity, as it was not strongly related to satiety responsiveness,
food fussiness and slowness in eating. The SREBQ also showed good internal and external
reliability (Cronbach’s alpha of 0.75; ICC of 0.77), demonstrating that the questionnaire is
measuring eating self-regulatory skills consistently and reproducibly. In conclusion, the five-
item Self-Regulation of Eating Behaviour Questionnaire is a novel measure of eating self-
regulatory capacity that is consistent, reliable and valid for use in the general UK adult
population. The validation process provided evidence that the SREBQ assesses people’s
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capacity to control and manage their eating behaviour in order to achieve and/or maintain
their eating intentions. This new measure is likely to be useful for the assessment of the
effectiveness of dietary and weight control interventions and particularly for assessing the
effectiveness of interventions which aim to improve dietary self-regulation. Future studies are
needed to test the validity of the SREBQ in different populations (e.g. ethnic minorities and
other countries such as Brazil) and against behavioural measures.
Keywords: eating behaviour, psychometric scales, reliability, self-control, self-regulation; validity
MODE OF PRESENTATION: 3-MINUTE + 1 SLIDE
References:
Boekaerts M, Maes S, Karoly P: Self-Regulation Across Domains of Applied Psychology: Is
there an Emerging Consensus? Applied Psychology: an international review. 2005, 54:149-
154.
Carver CS, Scheier MF: On the Self-Regulation of Behavior. New York: Cambridge
University Press, 2001.
Kroese FM, Evers C, De Ridder DTD: How chocolate keeps you slim. The effect of food
temptations on weight watching goal importance, intentions, and eating behavior. Appetite.
2009, 53:430-433.
Hagger MS: The Multiple Pathways by Which Trait Self-Control Predicts Health Behavior.
Annals of Behavioral Medicine. 2014, 48:282-283.
Johnson F, Pratt M, Wardle J: Dietary restraint and self-regulation in eating behavior. Int J
Obes (Lond). 2012, 36:665-674.
.
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FROM LONDON 2012 TO RIO 2016: SPORT AND PHYSICAL
ACTIVITY PROMOTION AND THE OLYMPIC GAMES
Paul Bretherton and Billy Graeff
Loughborough University P.A.Bretherton2@gmail.com
Abstract: Following the formal addition of “legacy” to the Olympic Charter in 2002
(International Olympic Committee, 2013), there is now a growing expectation that hosts of
the Olympic Games demonstrate how the event will leave a positive social legacy in the host
country. This expectation is increasingly being approached in part through policies to
increase sport and physical activity (PA) participation in the host nation. This presentation
critically reviews the sport and PA policies and initiatives delivered in association with both
London 2012 - of which the UK Government's "first priority" was "to make the UK a world-
leading sporting nation" (DCMS, 2008) by encouraging two million more people to take part
in sport and physical activity (PA) - and the forthcoming Games of Rio 2016, where the focus
was placed more upon the transformation of Brazil into a "country with high sports and social
performances" (Viga and Bulcão Pinheiro, 2010). As the first two summer Olympic hosts
selected since the addition of 'legacy' to the Olympic Charter in 2002, these cases of London
2012 and Rio 2016 provide an valuable point of comparison between two Games'
approaches to bringing about a legacy for sport and PA.
This presentation examines a range of social factors render mass participation-based legacy
objectives particularly problematic. These include the roles and responsibilities of the
"diversity of organisations" (Lansley, cited in DH, 2011) and actors that are required to co-
operate around PA participation, the practical difficulties that must be overcome in order to
increase PA - e.g. the 'demonstration effect' (Weed et al., 2015), and the challenge of
proving the effect of the Games on PA conclusively (Wellings, Datta, Wilkinson and
Petticrew, 2011). In a broader global context where sport mega events are increasingly
being held in 'non-traditional' areas such as the 'Global South' (e.g. Giulianotti & Klauser,
2010), the interaction between these specific factors and the respective social and cultural
contexts of the UK and Brazil offers a useful vantage point from which to consider an
increasingly prominent aspect of contemporary rationales for hosting the Olympic Games.
Keywords: London 2012, Olympic Games, Olympic Legacy, Physical Activity, Rio 2016, Sport
Participation
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years
Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 144
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
References:
Department for Culture, Media and Sport (2008). Before, during and after: Making the most
of the London 2012 Games. London: DCMS
Department for Health (2011). The public health responsibility deal. London: DH
Giulianotti, R. & Klauser, F. (2010). Sport governance and sport mega-events: Toward an
interdisciplinary research agenda. Journal of Sport & Social Issues, 34(1), 49-61.
International Olympic Committee (2013a). Olympic Charter. Retrieved from
http://www.olympic.org/Documents/olympic_charter_en.pdf
Wellings, K., Datta, J., Wilkinson, P. & Petticrew, M. (2011). The 2012 Olympics: Assessing
the public health effect. The Lancet, 378(9797), 1193-1195.
Weed, M. E., Coren, E., Fiore, J., Wellard, I., Chatziefstathiou, D. and Suzanne, D. (2015)
The Olympic Games and raising sports participation: a systematic review of
evidence and an interrogation of policy for a demonstration effect.
European Sport Management Quarterly, 15 (2).
Viga, R. and Bulcão Pinheiro, L. (2010). Dilma visita COB e ganha agasalho de equipe
brasileira. Terra. [online] Available at:
http://esportes.terra.com.br/jogosolimpicos/2016/dilma-visita-cob-e- ganha-agasalho-
de-equipe brasileira,3b8872b4b13ba310VgnCLD200000bbcceb0aRCRD.html
[Accessed 19 Oct. 2015].
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POSTER PRESENTATION:
NAME OF THE AUTHOR(S)/INSTITUTION:
Polliane Morais de Carvalho a
Maria Beatriz Duarte Gavião b
Guy Howard Carpenter c
a Department of Mucosal and Salivary Biology - King’s College London, Tower Wing Guy's, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom b Department of Pediatric Dentistry - Piracicaba Dental School - University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av Limeira 901, Piracicaba, SP 13414-903, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil c Department of Mucosal and Salivary Biology - King’s College London, Tower Wing Guy's, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
Abstract
Objective: to investigate the effects of a high fat diet (HFD) on salivary glands in vivo, in a
mouse model. In particular, whether it will induce the appearance of fat cells in salivary
glands, alterations related to autophagy, mTOR pathway and sympathetic innervation.
Design: 27 adult female ICR mice were separated in six groups. Three groups fed with
(HFD) containing 55% fat, for one, two and three month and another three groups fed with
normal diet (1.75% of fat), for the same time periods. The submandibular glands and liver
were dissected and part homogenized for protein analyses and part fixed in formalin for
histological analyses Results: After three months the HFD fed mice total body weight fold
change increased compared to controls. The Oil Red O staining showed no fat cells deposit
in salivary gland however a large increase was observed in liver after three months of HFD.
Adiponectin levels were significantly decreased in the HFD group after three months. The
group fed with HFD for three month showed increased conversion of the LC3 autophagy
marker in salivary gland. mTOR showed no activation regarding the time point studied.
Tyrosine hydroxylase significantly decreased after two and three month of HFD.
Conclusion: HFD caused several changes after three months however the earliest change
was noticed after two months regarding sympathetic innervation. This suggests neural
alteration may drive other diet induced changes in salivary glands. These early changes may
be the starting point for longer term alterations of salivary glands with alterations in diet.
Key words: submandibular gland, high fat diet, autophagy, mTOR, sympathetic innervation
References:
Proctor GB, Carpenter GH. Salivary secretion: mechanism and neural regulation. Monogr
Oral Sci. 2014;24:14-29.
Proctor GB. The physiology of salivary secretion. Periodontol 2000. 2016 Feb;70(1):11-25.
Li Y, South T, Han M, Chen J, Wang R, Huang XF. High-fat diet decreases tyrosine
hydroxylase mRNA expression irrespective of obesity susceptibility in mice Brain Res. 2009
May 1;1268:181-9.
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INDIVIDUAL ACCEPTABILITY OF POSITIVE INCENTIVES FOR
SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY BEHAVIOUR: A SEGMENTATION
APPROACH IN CURITIBA, BRAZIL
Rafael Alexandre dos Reis
University of Leeds tsradr@leeds.ac.uk
Abstract: Research has shown a substantial increase in the participation of conventionally
fuelled vehicles (CFV’s) in the urban transport modal split. The reasons for this
unsustainable reality are multiple, from economic interventions to individual behaviour. The
development and delivery of positive incentives for the adoption of more environmental-
friendly modes of transport is an emerging strategy to help tackling the problem of excessive
car use. The efficiency of this approach, like other information-based schemes, can benefit
from knowing which are the groups of individuals that are more susceptible to these
interventions, to allow the development of better directed strategies. The goal of this project
is to explore the level of acceptability of different population segments to different incentive
schemes for sustainable travel behaviour. It is assumed that different segments of the
population, regarding geographic, sociodemographic and psychological factors, respond
significantly different to a range of positive stimulus. A survey will be applied in the city of
Curitiba, Brazil. The context of developing countries have not yet received research attention
regarding the relation of diverse individual factors with CFV’s use and the use of a
segmentation approach to allow better targeted transport policies in the form of incentives,
which are the main expected contributions of this project.
Keywords: Mobility Behaviour, Positive incentives, Population segmentation, Sustainable Transport,
Transport Mode Choice.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION.
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doi:10.1016/S1369-8478(01)00020-1
Sunset project, 2014. Project Final Report.
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Vredin Johansson, M., Heldt, T., Johansson, P., 2006a. The effects of attitudes and
personality traits on mode choice. Transp. Res. Part Policy Pract. 40, 507–525.
doi:10.1016/j.tra.2005.09.001
Vredin Johansson, M., Heldt, T., Johansson, P., 2006b. The effects of attitudes and
personality traits on mode choice. Transp. Res. Part Policy Pract. 40, 507–525.
doi:10.1016/j.tra.2005.09.001
Yuko Heath, R.G., 2002. Extending the Theory of Planned Behavior: Predicting the Use of
Public Transportation1. J. Appl. Soc. Psychol. 32, 2154 – 2189. doi:10.1111/j.1559-
1816.2002.tb02068.x
Zhang, Z., Fujii, H., Managi, S., 2014. How does commuting behavior change due to
incentives? An empirical study of the Beijing Subway System. Transp. Res. Part F Traffic
Psychol. Behav. 24, 17–26. doi:10.1016/j.trf.2014.02.009
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THE ROLE OF FORENSIC TOXICOLOGY: A FOCUS ON THE
NBOME DRUGS AND NOVEL EXTRACTION METHODS
Rafael Venson1, Hazel J. Torrance1, Denise A. McKeown1
1Forensic Medicine and Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK rafael.venson@formed.gla.ac.uk
Abstract: Forensic toxicology is the application of toxicology and chemistry to the
elucidation of situations that can potentially lead to judicial proceedings. The subject involves
assisting with the elucidation of causes of deaths in homicides, suicides and accidents and
also the investigation of crimes such as drug-facilitated sexual assault, impaired drug-driving
as well as doping cases.
Many cases in forensic toxicology involve the so-called “novel psychoactive substances”
(NPS) that are drugs that have been appearing with increasing frequency over the last few
years. Many of them had an “innocent” appearance or were even developed with altruistic
intents however they ended up being responsible for cases of accidental and intentional fatal
intoxications.
One of the NPS are the 25-NBOMe drugs or “N-Bombs”, which possess high hallucinogenic
potencies and have been freely available to buy on-line since 2010. Some of them have
been scheduled as a Class A drug in the United Kingdom since 2013. Fatalities related to
the use of the 25-NBOMe drugs have been reported and considering their high potency and
high potential risk for users, efficient forensic toxicology intervention is needed to solve
cases involving this class of drugs.
Similarly to the drug market that constantly produces novel drugs, forensic toxicology has to
evolve and produce innovative technologies to help solve cases that involve drugs.
Generally the process of analysing biological specimens includes sampling, sample pre-
treatment, extraction, detection/quantification, statistical evaluation and decision making.
The process of extraction can be very time-consuming and very expensive.
A novel extraction technique was introduced at the end of the 1990s and has been explored
by forensic toxicologists worldwide. This method is called hollow-fiber liquid-phase
microextraction (HF-LPME). The mechanism of the extraction using HF-LPME involves the
partitioning of the analyte between liquid phases and the device used to perform this type of
extraction consists of a hollow porous fibre usually made of polypropylene which permits the
analytes from the sample to pass through into the lumen of the fibre, in which the acceptor
phase resides.
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Based on the increasing prevalence of the NBOMe and other NPS, and in the relative lack of
data regarding their toxicokinetics, more studies must be performed which requires
developing analytical methods with high sensitivity and specificity. In order to further explore
HF-LPME and its application to forensic toxicology; a sensitive, accurate and precise method
was developed, optimised and validated for the simultaneous detection and quantification of
5 NBOMe drugs in human whole blood, using HF-LPME followed by liquid-chromatography
tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The limit of detection of the method reached the
range of pg/mL.
HF-LPME combined with LC-MS/MS provides an attractive alternative to the more
established extraction methods due to its low cost and green chemistry approach.
Keywords: Forensic toxicology, novel psychoactive substances, NBOMe, hollow-fiber liquid-phase
microextraction
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
[1] Jickells, S. and A. Negrusz, Clarke's analytical forensic toxicology. 2008, London:
Pharmaceutical Press.
[2] Favretto, D., J.P. Pascali, and F. Tagliaro, New challenges and innovation in forensic
toxicology: focus on the "New Psychoactive Substances". J Chromatogr A, 2013. 1287: p.
84-95.
[3] Wyman, J.F., Principles and procedures in forensic toxicology. Clin Lab Med, 2012.
32(3): p. 493-507.
[4] Suzuki, J., et al., Toxicities associated with NBOMe ingestion-a novel class of potent
hallucinogens: a review of the literature. Psychosomatics, 2015. 56(2): p. 129-39.
[5] Kyriakou, C., et al., NBOMe: new potent hallucinogens - pharmacology, analytical
methods, toxicities, fatalities: a review. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci, 2015. 19(17): p. 3270-
81.
[6] Ghambarian, M., Y. Yamini, and A. Esrafili, Developments in hollow fiber based liquid-
phase microextraction: principles and applications. Microchimica Acta, 2012. 177(3-4): p.
271-294.
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DEVELOPMENT OF NANO-IN-MICRO DRY POWDER
FORMULATIONS FOR PULMONARY DELIVERY USING A
SUPERCRITICAL FLUID TECHNOLOGY
Ravenna Lessa Matos, Andrew Ingram
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham RXL523@student.bham.ac.uk
Abstract: Aerosol inhalation has been frequently applied to treat chronic respiratory
diseases like asthma and COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), delivering active
particles directly to the lungs. However, over the last decades, investigations on the potential
use of the lungs as a therapeutic gateway for the systemic circulation have significantly
increased [1], [2]. The alveoli enormous surface area, thin epithelial barrier and high blood
supply enables a great mass transfer between air and blood and therefore a rapid onset of
therapeutic action. Besides, the first-pass metabolism is avoided, increasing the
bioavailability of many drugs, which makes the lungs an alternative for the delivery of
pharmaceuticals in a non-invasive way when the oral route is not suitable. However, the
respiratory tract has some defence mechanisms against airborne particles that limit its
application as a delivery route. The mucus layer and ciliated cells are responsible for the
mucociliary clearance mechanism that traps and moves particles to the throat, preventing
them to reach the alveolar region. When particles escape the mucociliary clearance and
reach the deep lung, macrophages can engulf and clear them [3]. Due to its enhanced
properties compared to the bulk material, nanoparticles have been extensively researched in
the pharmaceutical field. At the nanoscale, the surface-to-volume ratio increases, allowing
for a faster interaction of particles with surrounding substances. Nevertheless, delivering
nanoparticles to the lungs can be challenging since they can be easily exhaled. Dose
measurement and reproducibility and particle stability are other concerns that require the
design of robust delivery devices and drug formulations. The association of drug
nanoparticles with a larger carrier can reduce the attraction force between particles,
improving formulation stability and flowability. Once the formulation reaches the lungs,
nanoparticles must detach from the carrier to be rapidly absorbed into the blood.
Supercritical fluid-assisted processes have been extensively applied to produce drug
nanoparticles with narrow particle distribution and high yieldsc. By producing nanoparticles
into a fluidized bed of carrier particles, nanoparticles can coat on the carrier surface, creating
a formulation suitable for pulmonary delivery [4]–[6]. The aim of this work is to coat lactose
(1-5 µm) with active pharmaceutical nanoparticles using Supercritical Anti-solvent (SAS) and
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Rapid Expansion of Supercritical Solutions (RESS) integrated with a fluidized bed, therefore
CO2-insoluble and CO2-soluble drug formulations can be produced.
Keywords: coating, fluidized bed, nano-in-micro formulation, pulmonary delivery, supercritical fluids
MODE OF PRESENTATION: 3 MINUTE + 1 SLIDE PRESENTATION
[1] I. M. El-sherbiny, N. M. El-baz, and M. H. Yacoub, “Inhaled nano- and microparticles
for drug delivery,” Global Cardiology Science and Practice, pp. 1–14, 2015.
[2] a. S. Silva, M. T. Tavares, and A. Aguiar-Ricardo, “Sustainable strategies for nano-
in-micro particle engineering for pulmonary delivery,” J. Nanoparticle Res., vol. 16, no. 11,
2014.
[3] S. Koussoroplis and R. Vanbever, Peptides and Proteins : Pulmonary Absorption,
Fourth Edi. New York: Taylor & Francis, 2013.
[4] G. A. Leeke, T. Lu, R. H. Bridson, and J. P. K. Seville, “Application of nano-particle
coatings to carrier particles using an integrated fluidized bed supercritical fluid precipitation
process,” J. Supercrit. Fluids, vol. 91, pp. 7–14, 2014.
[5] V. Martín, R. Romero-Díez, S. Rodríguez-Rojo, and M. J. Cocero, “Titanium dioxide
nanoparticle coating in fluidized bed via supercritical anti-solvent process (SAS),” Chem.
Eng. J., vol. 279, pp. 425–432, 2015.
[6] C. Vogt, R. Schreiber, G. Brunner, and J. Werther, “Fluid dynamics of the
supercritical fluidized bed,” Powder Technol., vol. 158, no. 1–3, pp. 102–114, 2005.
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NEUROINFLAMMATION IN THE THALAMUS: COULD IT POINT
TO CENTRAL POST STROKE PAIN?
Couto, R.; Trueman, R.; Learoyd, A.; Hathway, G.
University of Nottingham mbyrd@nottingham.ac.uk
Background
1 in 6 people will have a stroke (World Stroke Organization) and 40% of these patients will
develop novel chronic pain as consequence(Klit, Finnerup, Overvad, Andersen, & Jensen,
2011). This pain can be central due to damage of central nervous system (central post
stroke pain (CPSP)). CPSP is part of the neuropathic pain syndrome which is characterized
by hypersensitivity and sensitive abnormalities after a cerebrovascular accident(G. Kumar &
Soni, 2009). Strokes within the thalamic region most commonly cause CPSP. Treatment of
CPSP is a great challenge for scientists and clinicians, there is a poor response to common
painkillers and there is no established therapy for the condition.(B. Kumar, Kalita, Kumar, &
Misra, 2009)
Recent studies into pathophysiology of central pain suggested that inflammatory processes
in the CNS might play an important role (Marchand et al., 2005; Latremoliere & Woolf, 2009).
There is a large inflammatory response to stroke, and it is possible that neuroinflammation in
the spinothalamic pathway is crucial to the development of CPSP (Jin, Yang, & Li, 2010). In
support of this recently some neuropathic pain syndromes have shown a good response to
anti-inflammatory drugs(Cohen, 1987). In a model of stroke (middle cerebral artery occlusion
(MCAO)) bilateral hyperalgesia following mechanical and thermal stimuli has been shown,
and therefore this model has been used in the current study(Takami, Fujita-Hamabe,
Harada, & Tokuyama, 2011).
Methodology
A group of mice which had a 30 minutes middle cerebral artery (MCAO) occlusion were
sacrificed at different time points (24 hours, 7 days and 1 month) following the occlusion.
This method produces an ischemic stroke in the striatum. The thalamus is linked with the
striatum and thereby is a likely area for secondary degeneration. Furthermore, the thalamus
has been reported in the literature as an important injured region in CPSP patients. Hence,
the thalamus was chosen to be analysed by immunohistochemistry. The sections will be
double-stained with specific antibody for M1 and M2 subtypes. Images produced will be
analysed with quantification for activated microglia. After that, comparison between subtypes
prevalence and different time points will be within different thalamic nucli,
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Aim
Search for histological markers of neuroinflammation in the thalamus which could lead to the
development of central post stroke pain, and characterize how these change over time
following a stroke.
Relevance
Stroke is one of the most important causes of death and long term disability. Spontaneous or
evoked pain as a complication of stroke is responsible for a considerable decrease in life
quality for patients. It affects daily activities, mobility, concentration and mood and can even
lead to suicide. More knowledge about CPSP physiopathology will help to lead to a
treatment, therefore this project is highly important for stroke and pain research.
Keywords: central pain, CPSP, MCAO, neuroinflamation, stroke
PRESENTATION MODALITY: 3 MINUTE + 1 SLIDE
Reference List
Cohen, K. L. (1987). Efficacy and Safety of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs in the
Therapy of Diabetic Neuropathy. Archives of Internal Medicine, 147(8), 1442.
http://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.1987.00370080078016
Jin, R., Yang, G., & Li, G. (2010). Inflammatory mechanisms in ischemic stroke: role of
inflammatory cells. Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 87(5), 779–89.
http://doi.org/10.1189/jlb.1109766
Klit, H., Finnerup, N. B., Overvad, K., Andersen, G., & Jensen, T. S. (2011). Pain following
stroke: a population-based follow-up study. PloS One, 6(11), e27607.
http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0027607
Kumar, B., Kalita, J., Kumar, G., & Misra, U. K. (2009). Central poststroke pain: A review of
pathophysiology and treatment. Anesthesia and Analgesia, 108(5), 1645–1657.
http://doi.org/10.1213/ane.0b013e31819d644c
Kumar, G., & Soni, C. R. (2009). Central post-stroke pain: Current evidence. Journal of the
Neurological Sciences, 284(1-2), 10–17. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2009.04.030
Latremoliere, A., & Woolf, C. J. (2009). Central sensitization: a generator of pain
hypersensitivity by central neural plasticity. The Journal of Pain : Official Journal of the
American Pain Society, 10(9), 895–926. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2009.06.012
Takami, K., Fujita-Hamabe, W., Harada, S., & Tokuyama, S. (2011). Aβ and Aδ but not C-
fibres are involved in stroke related pain and allodynia: An experimental study in mice.
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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 63(3), 452–456. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-
7158.2010.01231.x
World Heart Federation 2016, Stroke. Available from < http://www.world-heart-
federation.org/cardiovascular-health/stroke/> [31th January 2016]
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JAMES JOYCE AND THE PRESENCE OF MILTON
Renata Meints Adail
University of Birmingham RDM418@bham.ac.uk
Abstract: James Joyce’s revolutionary power in literature is irrefutable since his seminal work
Ulysses, which was proclaimed by T.S. Eliot one of the most important works of the
modernist period. He once stated to his friend Arthur Power that his novel has liberated
literature “from its age-old shackles”. His innovative use of language, narrative structures, a
plethora of allusions, and the use of the technique known as the stream of consciousness
were some of the aspects that have largely contributed to turning his writing into a form of
empowerment and rebellion against the pre-established patterns of the predominantly
English literary Canon.
However, the innovation Joyce claimed to bring does not mean to break completely with the
past; on the contrary, his allusions to his precursors form a consciousness that the past
creations can coexist with the modern ones and influence them positively. Joyce
revolutionises by engaging productively with the past and responding to it.
In this paper, I aim at analysing some innovative aspects of Joyce’s oeuvre as a whole as a
response to the past and specifically to John Milton’s work. I intend to show that Joyce did
not repel the literary tradition of the English canon, but held his work open to make it
possible for the past writers to ‘dwell’ peacefully within.
Keywords: James Joyce, John Milton, Presence in Literature, Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
Reference List:
Arthur Power, Conversations with James Joyce. Dublin, Liliput Press, 1999.
Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht, Production of Presence: What Meaning Cannot Convey. Stanford,
Stanford University Press, 2004.
Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht, Atmosphere, Mood, Stimmung: On a Hidden Potential of Literature.
Stanford, Stanford University Press, 2012.
James Joyce, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man. Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1960.
James Joyce, Ulysses. London, Bodley Head, 1986.
John Milton, Paradise Lost. London, Longman, 1998.
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DEVELOPING NOVEL SUSTAINABLE FUNCTIONAL FOOD
INGREDIENTS
Shirley de Lima Sampaio, Madalina Neacsu, Wendy Russell
Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, Natural Products Group, University of Aberdeen shirley.sampaio@abdn.ac.uk
Abstract: This study aims to develop plant-based functional ingredients to be incorporated
into food products, by engaging novel applicability to existing food processing technologies,
such as extractions, fractionations and microencapsulation. Sustainable crops of relevance
for food security, quinoa and buckwheat, have been selected as sources of bioactive
compounds. Plant bioactive compounds are commonly associated with health promoting or
disease prevention properties. Additionally, quinoa and buckwheat are alternative crops of
interest for both the Scottish and the Brazilian governments, due to their potential to
contribute for global food security. This work will deliver novel smart food ingredients with
targeted release of bioactives (key macro-, micro-nutrients and phytochemicals) to the
gastrointestinal tract, contributing to promote (i) functional food innovation, (ii) public health,
(iii) agricultural diversification (by stimulating demand for sustainable crops) and (iv)
sustainable and healthier processed food products for the future.
Keywords: bioactive compounds, buckwheat, functional foods, quinoa.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
References
i. Amézqueta, S., Galán, E., Fuguet, E., Carrascal, M., Abián, J., & Torres, J. L. (2012).
Determination of d-fagomine in buckwheat and mulberry by cation exchange HPLC/ESI–Q-
MS. Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, 402(5), 1953-1960.
ii. Buttriss J, Riley H. (2013). Sustainable diets: harnessing the nutrition agenda. Food
Chem. 2013 Oct 1;140(3):402-7.
iii. FAO (2015). The state of food insecurity in the world 2015. Available at:
<http://www.fao.org/3/a-i4646e.pdf> (Accessed: 7 December 2015).
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iv. FAO (2013). State of the art report on quinoa around the world in 2013. Available at:
<http://www.fao.org/3/contents/ca682370-10f8-40c2-b084-95a8f704f44d/i4042e00.htm>
(Accessed: 7 December 2015).
v. FAO (2010). International scientific symposium biodiversity and sustainable diets
against hunger. Available at: <http://www.fao.org/ag/humannutrition/23781-
0e8d8dc364ee46865d5841c48976e9980.pdf> (Accessed: 7 December 2015).
vi. FAO (2009). An united call to action on vitamin and mineral deficiencies. Available at:
<http://www.unitedcalltoaction.org/documents/Investing_in_the_future.pdf> (Accessed: 7
December 2015).
vii. Graf, B. L., Rojas‐Silva, P., Rojo, L. E., Delatorre‐Herrera, J., Baldeón, M. E., &
Raskin, I. (2015). Innovations in health value and functional food development of quinoa
(Chenopodium quinoa Willd.). Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety,
14(4), 431-445.
viii. Kuljanabhagavad, T., Thongphasuk, P., Chamulitrat, W., & Wink, M. (2008).
Triterpene saponins from Chenopodium quinoa Willd. Phytochemistry, 69(9), 1919-1926.
ix. Madl, T., Sterk, H., Mittelbach, M., & Rechberger, G. N. (2006). Tandem mass
spectrometric analysis of a complex triterpene saponin mixture of Chenopodium quinoa.
Journal of the American Society for Mass spectrometry, 17(6), 795-806.
x. Mastebroek, H. D., Limburg, H., Gilles, T., & Marvin, H. J. P. (2000). Occurrence of
sapogenins in leaves and seeds of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd). Journal of the
Science of Food and Agriculture, 80(1), 152-156.
xi. Muir, A. D., Ballantyne, K. D., & Hall, T. W. (2000, June). LC-MS and LC-MS/MS
analysis of saponins and sapogenins-comparison of ionization techniques and their
usefulness in compound identification. In PROCEEDINGS-PHYTOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF
EUROPE (Vol. 45, pp. 35-42). Dordrecht; London; Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1998.
xii. United Nations (2015). Hunger statistics. Available at:
<http://www.wfp.org/hunger/stats> (Accessed: 7 December 2015).
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xiii. WHO (2015). Obesity and Overweight. Available at:
<http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/ > (Accessed: 7 December 2015).
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DEMONOLOGY AND EVIL BEINGS FROM ANCIENT TIMES:
INVESTIGATING THE DEAD SEA SCROLLS
Tupá Guerra
University of Birmingham (PhD student) tupa.guerra@gmail.com
Abstract: Demons are, for a mind of a person educated in the 20th century, in an occidental
system of beliefs, a figure of condensed evil, capable of possessing human bodies to act
according to the demon’s will or even with the ability of convincing people to do ev il things.
One possible, and current, representation of a demon is a humanoid, usually male, with red
skin and horns. Literary fiction, films and comics offer plenty of examples of this type of
representations in a variety of ways. However, the image that we take for granted as being
clear has not always been the same for different cultures and periods of history.
The Dead Sea Scrolls are a group of ancient manuscripts found in the northwest shore of
the Dead Sea containing some of the oldest copies of books from the Old Testament and
other religious ancient Jewish texts. They are one of the biggest archaeological findings of
the 20th century and one of the largest groups of ancient texts ever found. It offers scholars
the opportunity to access aspects of the Jewish society in antiquity in a more comprehensive
way, and the full corpus has only recently been published. This presentation proposes to
examine the references to evil creatures in the Dead Sea Scrolls more closely.
Keywords: Dead Sea Scrolls, Demonology, Jewish, Magic.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: 3 MINUTE + 1 SLIDE PRESENTATION.
References:
Alexander, P. S., ‘The Demonology of the Dead Sea Scrolls’. The Dead Sea Scrolls After
Fifty Years: A Comprehensive Assessment, edited by P. W. Flint and J. C. VanderKam, 331-
353. Leiden: Brill, 1999
Bohak, G. Ancient Jewish Magic: A History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years
Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 164
———. ‘Prolegomena to the Study of the Jewish Magical Tradition.’ Currents in Biblical
Research 8 (2009): 107-150.
Brand, M. Evil Within and Without: The Source of Sin and Its Nature As Portrayed in Second
Temple Literature. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2013.
Dimant, D. ’Between Qumran Sectarian and Non-Sectarian Texts: The Case of Belial and
Mastema.’ The Dead Sea Scrolls and Contemporary Culture, edited by A. D. Roitman, L. H.
Schiffman and S. Tzoref, 235-256. Leiden/Boston: BRILL, 2011.
Eshel, E. ‘Demonology in Palestine during the Second Temple Period’. Ph.D. diss., Hebrew
University (Heb.), 1999.
Hempel, C. The Qumran Rule Texts in Context: Collected Studies. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck,
2013.
Lange, A. ‘The Essene Position on Magic and Divination’. Legal Texts and Legal Issues:
Proceedings of the Second Meeting of the International Organization for Qumran Studies,
edited by M. Bernstein, F. García Martínez and J. Kampen, 377-435. Leiden/New York/Köln:
Brill, 1997.
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CIRCULATING TUMOUR CELLS: A MULTIFUNCTIONAL
BIOMARKER
Vanêssa Cavalcanti Aulette
Queen Mary University of London nenesa10@hotmail.com
Abstract: Circulating tumour cells (CTC) are known to be cells dissociated from a primary
solid tumour, which spread and circulate in peripheral blood stream. Evidence shows that
CTCs can colonize distant organs and remain latent for more than 10 years until the cells
develop or express special features in order to give rise to active metastases. Taking into
account that metastasis is the leading cause of death in cancer patients, being responsible
for 90% of these deaths, the importance of an early detection method for metastasis
becomes clear.
Molecular methods suggest that CTC can be detected in the peripheral blood of 30 to 40%
of clinically metastases-free patients (micrometastases). These are hidden and not
detectable by routinely imaging exams, which can contribute to the disease relapse. This
minimal residual disease, however, can be detected by CTCs screening, which is a much
less invasive method than the bone marrow biopsy.
Several studies have shown that the characterization of CTCs is still challenging, once some
factors may contribute for a false positive or a false negative result. For example, it’s been
reported that patients with underlying inflammatory diseases, especially, can harbor
circulating epithelial cells that can be identified with ongoing CTC assessment. Interestingly,
other experiments have shown that cells with mesenchymal stem cell properties seem to
circulate in the bloodstream and seed particular organs even before the formation of the
primary tumour.
It is conventionally accepted that the metastatisation is a unidirectional process in which the
tumour cells give rise to a new tumour. However, animal experiments have introduced the
concept of “tumour self-seeding” or “cross-seeding” that is the CTCs seeding the primary
tumour, and giving rise to an aggressive metastatic variant. Interestingly, it was observed
that the malignancy of the cross-seeding is proportional to the amount of tumour cells shed
in the blood circulation by the primary tumour. Considering that, these results suggest that
self-seeding might be the cause of many cases of cancer recurrence, even after resection.
Multiple researches have shown that the quantification of CTCs may also be used for
monitoring the efficacy of chemotherapy. These findings might be useful not only to evaluate
the patient’s response to the neoadjuvant therapy, but also to predict the responsiveness of
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the primary tumour to the drugs for later application in case of relapse, thus minimizing
toxicity. Furthermore, the characterization of CTCs allows the identification of target
molecules that may be useful in the personalized medicine model.
Thus, research groups are currently evaluating the clinical efficacy of CTCs screening as a
liquid biopsy, an innovative tool for prognosis prediction, and monitoring of systemic and
personalized treatment on patients.
Keywords: circulating tumour cells, liquid biopsy, metastasis, personalized medicine, tumour cell
dormancy, tumour self-seeding.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: 3 MINUTE + 1 SLIDE PRESENTATION.
References
Mikulová V, Kološtová K, Zima T. Methods for detection of circulating tumour cells and their
clinical value in cancer patients. Folia Biol (Praha). 2011;57:151–61.
Kim MY, Oskarsson T, Acharyya S, Nguyen DX, Zhang XH, Norton L, Massague J. Tumor
selfseeding by circulating cancer cells. Cell 2009;139: 1315–26.
Weigelt, B., Peterse, J. L. & van 't Veer, L. J. Breast cancer metastasis: markers and
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Alix-Panabieres, C. & Pantel, K. Circulating tumor cells: liquid biopsy of cancer. Clinl
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ANÁLISES ESPAÇO E ESPAÇO-TEMPORAL DOS CASOS NOVOS DE
HANSENÍASE NO ESTADO DO PARANÁ
Vanessa Ferreira Sehaber
Paulo Justiniano Ribeiro Junior
Peter J. Diggle
Universidade Federal do Paraná vsehaber@gmail.com Universidade Federal do Paraná paulojus@ufpr.br Lancaster University
Resumo: A hanseníase é uma doença que a Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) busca
erradicar no mundo nos próximos anos, pois esta pode trazer danos irreversíveis aos
indivíduos que a contraem, como feridas e perda de sensibilidade da pele, perda da visão e
deformação dos membros superiores e inferiores. Trata-se de uma das mais remotas
doenças no mundo cuja medicamento que proporciona a cura foi descoberto apenas na
década de 80. Segundo literatura epidemiológica da hanseníase, esta é uma doença de
baixa propagação, cujo contágio se deve por meio do contato com fluidos corporais, e pode
estar associada com fatores sociais, econômicos, habitacionais, dentre outros. Há alguns
anos atrás, a OMS estipulou uma meta para todos os países no mundo, a qual é a
diminuição da detecção de casos novos de hanseníase para menos de 10 casos a cada
100.000 habitantes, pois assim acredita-se que a cadeia epidemiológica da doença possa
ser quebrada. Em 2013, o estado do Paraná, localizado na região sul do Brasil, conseguiu
atingir essa meta a nível de estado, com aproximadamente 9,8 casos a cada 100000
habitantes. Contudo, a nível de municípios, essa meta ainda está passível de ser atingida
como um todo, pois existem desde aqueles municípios que estão acima como aqueles que
estão abaixo da meta. De modo a entender melhor o padrão da doença no estado, técnicas
estatísticas espaciais estão sendo empregadas nessa pesquisa. O presente trabalho está
em desenvolvimento e visa: 1) retratar a perspectiva mais recente da doença por meio de
técnicas estatísticas espaciais, de modo a obter um amplo entendimento da doença pela
vigilância epidemiológica do estado; 2) entender a epidemiologia da doença no estado ao
longo dos anos (1980-2013), além de obter um modelo probabilístico espaço-temporal para
predição de casos novos. A natureza do fenômeno epidemiológico tem caráter probabilístico
o qual pode ser explicado por uma distribuição de probabilidade Poisson, haja vista que a
variável aleatória de interesse é o número de casos novos de hanseníase nos municípios de
todo o estado do Paraná. Com relação ao primeiro objetivo da pesquisa, buscou-se
covariáveis provindas do Censo de 2010 e do Instituto Paranaense de Desenvolvimento
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Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 170
Econômico e Social, de forma a buscar possíveis relações com ocorrência da hanseníase
no estado. Estão sendo utilizados alguns modelos espaciais para a análise dos dados e em
breve ter-se-á resultados preliminares. Conseqüentemente, o segundo objetivo será iniciado
após atender o primeiro.
Palavras–chave: Hanseníase, análises estatísticas espaço e espaço-temporal, distribuição Poisson.
MODALIDADE DE APRESENTAÇÃO: APRESENTAÇÃO DE PÔSTER.
Referências:
BRASIL. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Políticas de Saúde. Departamento de Atenção
Básica. Guia para o Controle da hanseníase. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde, 2002.
BRASIL. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Fundação Oswaldo Cruz.
Abordagens espaciais na saúde pública. Série B. Textos Básicos de Saúde. Série
Capacitação e Atualização em Geoprocessamento em Saúde. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde,
2006. v. 1.
DIGGLE, P. J.; RIBEIRO JR, P. J. Model Based Geostatistics. New York: Springer, 2007.
GELFAND, A. E. et al. Handbook of spatial Statistics. Londres: Chapman & Hall/CRC,
2010.
MOLER, J. Spatial Statistics and Computational Methods. Lecture notes in statistics.
New York: Springer, 2003.
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Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 171
TRADITION AND TECHNOLOGY: MAPPING SHIFTING
CARTOGRAPHIES OF AFRO-BRAZILIAN MEMORY AND
HERITAGE IN RIO DE JANEIRO’S PORT REGION
Victoria Adams
MPhil Candidate at the Centre of Latin American Studies University of Cambridge vja27@cam.ac.uk
Abstract: My research explores the shifting cartographies of Afro- Brazilian memory and
heritage in Rio de Janeiro’s port region. It takes as its starting point the recently launched
(02/04/2016) ‘Pequena África’ route on the ‘Passados Presentes’ app and its affiliations with
varied parties in the port region, such as the Universidade Federal Fluminense, the
Quilombo Pedra do Sal, the Instituto de Pesquisa e Memorial Pretos Novos and the Museu
de Arte do Rio. My research examines the new cartographies of the region drawn by the app
and how these alter the memory of the region, as constructed by other heritage initiatives in
the region such as the Prefeitura do Rio de Janeiro’s Circuito Histórico e Arqueológico da
Celebração da Herança Africana. I argue that the app expands the memory of the former in
complex and political ways that result from its organisers engaged anthropology.
Additionally, I argue that it reorients the Afro-Brazilian memory of Rio de Janeiro’s port
region towards the Museu de Arte do Rio, the latter a product of the widely critiqued ‘Porto
Maravilha’ redevelopment program for the region. I argue that this dynamic engages the app
in a complex discursive framework that simultaneously resists and naturalises the
reconfiguration and disruption of the region generated by the port redevelopment works. I
also examine the varied uses envisioned for the app in relation to both memory tourism and
the teaching of history. Consequently, I explore the app as an interface for spatial and
material engagement with the region, both literally and discursively. My research is based
upon fieldwork carried out in Rio de Janeiro’s port region in April 2016 and will contribute to
my MPhil dissertation.
Keywords: Cartographies, heritage, museums, port redevelopment, Rio de Janeiro, technology
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
References:
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years
Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 172
Araujo, Ana Lucia. 2010. Public Memory of Slavery. Amherst, NY : Cambria Press.
Carvalho, Bruno. 2013. Porous City. Liverpool : Liverpool University Press.
Cicaló, André. 2015. ‘Por Onde os Africanos Chegaram’. Horizontes Antropológicos, vol. 43,
pp. 239- 271.
. 2015. ‘‘Those Stones Speak:’ Black-Activist Engagement with Slavery Archaeology
in Rio de Janeiro’. Latin American and Caribbean Ethnic Studies, vol.10, no.3, pp. 251-
270.
Cocco, Giuseppe. 2001. A Cidade Estratégica. Rio de Janeiro: DP&A.
Farias, Juliana Barreto. 2006. Cidades Negras. São Paulo: Alameda.
Gardner, Howard and Katie Davis. 2013. The App Generation. New Haven : Yale University
Press.
Guimarães, Roberta Sampaio. 2014. A Utopia da Pequena África. Rio de Janeiro: Editora
FGV.
Huyssen, Andreas. 2003. Present Pasts. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press.
Marstine, Janet. 2006. New Museum Theory and Practice. Oxford: Blackwell.
Message, Kylie. 2006. New Museums and the Making of Culture. New York: Berg.
Miller, Paul and Svitlana Matviyenko.2014. The Imaginary App. Cambridge, Massachusetts:
The MIT Press.
Moura, Roberto. 1995. Tia Ciata e a Pequena África no Rio de Janeiro. 2nd ed. Rio de
Janeiro: Secretaria Municipal de Cultura.
Needell, Jeffrey. 2009. A Tropical Belle Époque. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.
Romo, Anadelia. 2010. Brazil's living museum: Race, reform, and tradition in Bahia. Chapel
Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
Xavier, Priscilla Xavier. 2016. Do Porto ao Porto Maravilha: Discursos que (re)criam a
cidade. Curitiba: Appris.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years
Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 173
DEVELOPMENT OF A NOVEL BIOLOGICAL APPROACH FOR
DENTINE REPAIR
Vitor de Carvalho Moreno das Neves1* and Paul Sharpe1
1 Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, King’s College London, Guy’s
Hospital, London, UK
*Presenting author: vitor.neves@kcl.ac.uk
Formation of reparative dentine (dentine bridge) is a natural repair response to dentine
damage. However, the reparative process depends on the size of the injury in combination
to the capping material of choice. In tooth restoration following deep caries damage a
number of new products in use “ are promoted as being |”bioactive”. These include
substances such as “Biodentine” (calcium silicate) (Septodent) and MTA (mineral trioxide
aggregate) (Dentsply). None of these compounds are based on an understanding of the
biology of how reparative dentine forms and are not formulated to specifically promote
dentine formation.
It is established that Wnt signalling plays key roles in the odontoblast secretory stage. Using
genetic mouse models we have shown that upregulation of canonical Wnt signalling
enhances reparative dentine production. Based on this genetic data, a system for enhancing
reparative dentine formation is being investigated comprising the application of small
molecule Wnt signalling agonists.
In order to assay this treatment, we have developed a reproducible system to damage
mouse molars. This consists on using a dental burr to cut the dentine then the Wnt agonist
(BIO (6-bromoindirubin-3’-oxime) or CHIR99021) is added on a commercial available
collagen sponge (Kolspon®) that is placed in direct contact to the exposed pulp. We show
that formation of reparative dentine is substantially enhanced when Wnt signalling is
elevated by the use of signalling modulators when compared to MTA resulting in an almost
complete restoration of the lesion.
In addition to the increase of mineral secretion, when we investigated apoptosis, we could
verify differences on cell death location between molars capped with BIO and MTA, which
seems to be related to reparative dentine secretion area.
This provides a basis for the development of potential novel biological-based products for
repair of caries lesions.
Keywords: Stem cells, Regenerative dentistry, Wnt pathway, New dental treatment
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION
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Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 174
ANALYSIS OF PHARMACEUTICALS TOXICOLOGICAL EFFECTS
ON ALGAE
Zaniel Procópio, Colin Hunter, Ole Pahl
Glasgow Caledonian University - Civil Engineering & Environmental Technology Main author email: Zaniel.Procopio@gcu.ac.uk
Abstract:
In the UK, the rules that deal with water quality are established by European Union (EU)
water quality directives. The limiting pollutant values of the Water Framework Directive
(WFD) have been set, in part, with advice from the UK Technical Advisory Group (UKTAG).
This legislation has affected significantly the pollution control features, making essential a
broader understanding of the aspects applied for removal of substances in wastewater.
Among potentially toxic substances present in the wastewater, pharmaceutical residues (PR)
are becoming an emerging environmental problem due to their constant input and
persistence in the aquatic environment, even at low concentrations 1,2. Confirming these
factors, the PR were newly listed as priority and related watch-list substances of the WFD.
In this perspective, considering the chemical complexity and the significant variety of
substances classified as micro-pollutants, is relevant to focus on toxic substances that
integrate this mixture and investigate their influence in the water sources.
The present project combines the wastewater treatment via anaerobic digestion (AD) -
considering sharing knowledge, improvement in techniques and background from another
simultaneous project - with ecological toxicity analysis to evaluate the potential polluter effect
of the effluent discharged in the environment. Hence, is indispensable to identify and assess
the toxicity of this effluent before and after treatment, such control actions can be taken
based on results obtained from samples prevenient from the final effluent.
To evaluate the potential toxic impacts produced by PR in the environment, two algae,
Chlorella vulgaris and Raphidocelis subcapitata, were evaluated as bioindicators. These
organisms are found in the aquatic environment in the UK and demonstrate extensive
application in water toxicology research 2,3. Different pharmaceuticals were selected from
those proposed by Pharmaceutical Input and Elimination from Local Point Sources (Pills)
project 4,5 as priority substances.
The aim is to explore the biological effects within controlled aquatic systems containing
microalgae cultures, by measurement of its growth rate and photosynthetic activities.
Keywords: Algae, bioindicators, pharmaceuticals, toxicity, wastewater.
MODE OF PRESENTATION: ORAL COMMUNICATION.
VIII ABEP CONFERENCE | 13rd-14th May 2016 - King’s College London 36 years
Associaton of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom 175
References
1. Samaras VG, Stasinakis AS, Mamais D, Thomaidis NS, Lekkas TD. Fate of selected
pharmaceuticals and synthetic endocrine disrupting compounds during wastewater
treatment and sludge anaerobic digestion. J. Hazard. Mater. 2013;244-245:259-67.
doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.11.039.
2. Kümmerer K. Pharmaceutivals in the Environment: Sources, Fate, Effects and Risks.
(Kümmerer K, ed.).; 2008.
3. OECD. Test No. 201: Freshwater Alga and Cyanobacteria, Growth Inhibition Test.
OECD Publishing; 2011. doi:10.1787/9789264069923-en.
4. Nafo I, Lyko S, Evenblij H, et al. Pharmaceutical Input and Elimination from Local
Sources.; 2012.
5. Helwig K, Hunter C, Maclachlan J, et al. Micropollutant Point Sources in the Built
Environment : Identification and Monitoring of Priority Pharmaceutical Substances in Hospital
Effluents. J. Environ. Anal. Toxicol. 2013;3(177). doi:10.4172/2161.