Post on 02-Jan-2017
Relevance and Impact of
Engineering Education in India
Global Engineering Deans Conference Adelaide1Dec2015
Indranil MANNA
J C Bose Fellow Indian Institute of Technology KANPUR, India Indian National Academy of Engineering Indian Institute of Metals Coordinator IMPRINT imanna@iitk.ac.in; Web: www.imanna.org
• Science Engineering Technology
• India: A Nation with Unity in Diversity
• Engineering Education in India
• Importance of Engineering
• Engineering and economy
• IMPRINT–India (MHRD)
• Way forward
ENGINEERING
Know-how?
Product/device Invention
SCIENCE
Know-why?
Unravel nature Curiosity/need
inspired act
Discovery
TECHNOLOGY
Know-what sells?
Multiple copies Innovation
SET [Science-Engineering-Technology] PATH TO PROSPERITY:
(a) Knowledge (data to wisdom); (b) Opportunity (job and business)
SOCIETY
Components essential for societal growth
Academia creates/disseminates
KNOWLEDGE
MODERN
INNOVATION
ECO-
SYSTEM
Industry produces/provides
Innovative solutions as VIABLE TECHNOLOGY
Society CONSUMES
and DEMANDS
Research organization
pursues INVENTION
in S E T
The Relationship
SOCIETY
INDUSTRY
RESEARCH
EDUCATION
IN ‘SET’
SCIENCE,
ENGINEERING,
TECHNOLOGY
HUMANITIES &
MANAGEMENT
Enabling Education in Engineering Domain
INDIA – unity in Diversity
Size: 7th-largest area (3,287,263 km²), 2.4 % earth’s surface
Expanse: 3,214 km north-south; 2,933 km east-west; Frontier
of 15,200 km; and Coastline of 7,517 km
Population: 1.25 bn (2nd most populous); > 800 m below 35 yrs
GDP: > $ 2.0 trillion (10th in nominal and 4th in PPP terms)
S&T: Successfully conducted Lunar and Mars missions; satellite
launching capability; nuclear energy harnessing state
Diversity: 36 states/territories, 29 languages, 8 main religions
Poverty: Income/month/person < $ 100; Population below
poverty line ~ 22%; HDI = 134th; Unemployment ~ 7%; Literacy
rate = 74 %; Education level: at primary = 93%, secondary =
69% and post-secondary = 25%; GER ~ 15%
Challenges: poverty, hunger, health care concern, security
threat, inadequacy of basic amenities (housing, water,
employment) and lack of ‘appropriate’ education
Engineering solutions: awaited for issues related to energy,
defense, sustainability, security and education
INDIA at a glance – Relevant Facts
Engineering: most preferred profession or career option in India Reason: Assured job and good career prospect Trend: Opt for IITs and Computer Science as first choice Institutions: > 100 centrally funded engineering schools; 1000s
private institutions (but quality is suspect) JEE: About 300,000 appear for only about 6000 seats (~ 1 in 50) Aim: Develop engineers as solution providers not job seekers
Why is engineering education important in India? o Majority of India’s challenges/demands are of engineering origin o Education that promotes innovation/entrepreneurship needed o Huge demand/scope for infrastructure augmentation, harnessing
mineral/material resources, capacity enhancement o Significant scope for manufacturing of engineering goods/service o Engineering manpower needed (degree, diploma, trainee, labor)
Science is universal, but engineering solutions may be local
Engineering as a Driving Force for Economic Growth
'IMPacting Research, INnovation and Technology
IMPRINT India
First MHRD Supported Pan-IIT + IISc Joint Initiative
• Identify engineering challenges faced by the nation • Relevant to society’s demand and aspiration • Directed/translational research to develop viable technology • Create opportunities crowd sourcing and onus sharing • Overall aim: Inclusive Growth and Self-reliance • Engineering challenges under 10 domains (living and
material world) • Enhanced funding for research projects
– Convergent action by Ministry/Government Agencies – Industry participation is most desirable
Phase I: Policy document Phase II: Technology development
www.imprint-india.org
IMpacting Research, INnovation and Technology
[IMPRINT]
Education Policy for
Inculcating Scientific
Temperament and
Innovation Skills
Research
Roadmap for
Technology
Readiness
Policy Initiative Not Technology Development
Technology & Innovation
An initiative of MHRD to make an impact through research and innovation in engineering and technology
Education Policy for Inculcating Scientific
Temperament and Innovation Skills
School
(STEM)
University
(UG/PG levels)
Research
Univ + R&D Labs
(PDF/PhD/Projects)
Engineering
Branches Interdisciplinary
Interest
in S&T
Manpower Knowledge +
IMPRINT – Part A
Solution to India’s own problems
Technology aided education International
component
Research Roadmap for Technology Readiness
Infrastructure Competence
and Capability
Technology
Process Product
Goalposts
10 Domains and Related Themes/Targets/Topics
Targets
IMPRINT – Part B
Gap Map
Bridge +
Technology
Manpower
Infrastructure
HEALTHCARE
Themes: Campaign on health and healthy living
Affordable diagnostic tools and imaging
Prosthesis and implants
Innovative devices, embedded systems
Point-of-care diagnosis
ICT solutions for healthcare
Regenerative medicine
Surgical and operative solutions
Traditional healthcare
Reducing communicable diseases
Healthcare management and legal issues
Accelerating healthcare innovation
Objective: Making health care effective and affordable for all
IIT Kharagpur
INFORMATION AND
COMMUNICATION
TECHNOLOGY
Themes: Data acquisition and processing
Communication
Computation
Computational infrastructure
Objective: Global leadership in information & communication technology
IIT Kharagpur
Objective: Attain energy security and make alternative and renewable energy affordable
ENERGY
Themes: Fusion technology
Clean coal technology
Renewable energy
Hydrogen based energy
Energy storage
Energy systems & efficiency
Revise energy strategy
IIT Bombay
Objective: Affordable and sustainable habitat for all in India
SUSTAINABLE HABITAT
Themes:
• Architecture & built forms
• Urban planning & design
• Physical infrastructure
• Housing for all
• Social infrastructure
• Water & sanitation
• Transportation
• Smart city
• Energy & environment
• Governance
IIT Roorkee
Security
Healthcare
Agriculture
Pedagogy
Environment
Objective: Nanotechnology product development for improving quality of life
NANOTECHNOLOGY
HARDWARE
Improving quality of life
IIT Bombay
Objective: Address critical challenges of water resources and river systems
WATER RESOURCES AND
RIVER SYSTEMS Major Themes –
–River Basins
–Water in Urban Systems
–Water in Rural Ecosystems
–Water & Agriculture
–Water & Industry
–Spatial Real-time Data & Infra
Complementing Science and Technology Measures –
–Valuing Water
–Governance
–Knowledge & Capacity Development
IIT Kanpur
Objective: Achieve leadership in hardware though advanced materials
ADVANCED MATERIALS
Structural Materials
Steel Light alloys Advanced composite materials Particulate materials Ultrahigh temperature materials
Functional Materials
Electronic materials Energy materials optoelectronic materials and devices Smart materials Earth abundant element based functional materials.
Emerging Materials
Nanomaterials Biomaterials and devices Polymeric and soft materials Glassy and amorphous materials Bio-inspired and patterned functional materials.
Integrated Computational Materials Engineering (ICME)
IIT Kanpur
Objective: To improve the competitiveness of Indian manufacturing industry
MANUFACTURING
Manufacturing Processes Processes for Shape Changes
Processes for Property Change
Verification of Manufactured Parts
Manufacturing Equipment and Tooling
Enabling Technologies
Manufacturing Strategies
IIT Madras
Objective: Lend an edge and indigenise the country’s security and defence capabilities
SECURITY AND DEFENCE
Combat Engineering Systems
Aircrafts and Submarines
Battle Tanks
Autonomous Systems
Armaments and Engineering Support Systems
Cyber security
Electronics and Communication Systems
Hardware Design
System Software
Application Software
Strategic Materials
Thorium technology
Smart materials
Rare earths IIT Delhi IIT Madras
Objective: Growth and prosperity without adverse impact on environment
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
AND CLIMATE CHANGE Climate science Monsoon prediction Ocean studies Air pollution Aerosols and climate Water resources and pollution Forests and climate change Glacier retreat Capacity development
IISc Bangalore
Global Perspective 14 Grand Challenges for Engineering in USA in 21st Century Grand Challenges for Engineering (USA):
An initiative of National Academy of Engineering, USA to define the 21st century’s Grand Challenges covering sustainability, health, security and joy
Chair: William Perry (50 subject experts from 40 different countries)
Million challenges, Billion minds
The second largest population of
the world which will soon be the
youngest, now aspires and
deserves a better quality and
security of life
Engineering can and should
provide solutions for societal
demands, challenges and
aspirations of young India
Creating opportunities
Accelerating innovation ecosystem
Viable technology products processes
Concluding Remarks