Post on 06-Jan-2018
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Psyc 552 Ergonomics & BiomechanicsLecture 6
Anthropometry Antro = man, metry = measure
Terminology Height:
Breadth:
Depth:
Distance:
Curvature:
Circumference:
Reach:
Workstation Analysis
Images from: http://128.253.253.139/dea651/dea65197/ws2.htm#Workstation%202
Images from: http://128.253.253.139/dea651/dea65197/ws2.htm#Workstation%202
Image from: http://128.253.253.139/dea651/dea65197/images/ws4.gif
Workspace envelope
Measurement Methods Grid reference Jig measurement Anthropometers Rod sets, castings Photographs – stereo photography Electromechanical probes Lasers
Image from: http://www.thebakken.org/artifacts/database/artifact.asp?type=category&category=U3&id=3687
Measurement tools
Images from: http://www.rehaboutlet.com/posture_evaluation_anthropometers.htm
Image from: D.J. Feathers et al. / International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 33 (2004) 184 181–190
From: http://www.explore.cornell.edu/scene.cfm?scene=The%203D%20Body%20Scanner
Image from: http://www.ianwhitney.com/images/pic/quack/P1270011.jpg
Image from: http://www.thebakken.org/artifacts/database/artifact.asp?type=category&category=U3&id=3687
A 19th-century bodice-measuring device comprising several sections which could be adjusted to fit the figure. The strips could then be laid flat upon the materials to be cut. (Image: U.S. Patent no. 320,496, William Bloomer Pollock, 1885)
Image from and text from: http://www.explore.cornell.edu/scene.cfm?scene=The%203D%20Body%20Scanner&stop=3D%20-%20Glossary
Other Imaging Ultrasound imaging Magnetic Resonance Imaginge X-rays
Sources of Data For Civilians
For military
Characteristics of data Normally distributed
Can be used to calculate intervals
Correlations
Limited
Functional Anthropometry Reach data
Seat…
Factors Affecting Anthropometry Genetics Environment Ethnic… … … …
Image from: http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://projects.edtech.sandi.net/pershing/explorers/images/poncedeleon.gif&imgrefurl=http://projects.edtech.sandi.net/pershing/explorers/graphics.htm&h=538&w=499&sz=12&tbnid=6X9096fQL5oJ:&tbnh=129&tbnw=120&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dponce%2Bde%2Bleon%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D&oi=imagesr&start=1
Anthropometry & Biomechanics In biomechanics the human body is
considered to be a system of links with each link of known physical size and form.
Links are defined as…
Locating Centers of rotation Method involves…
Bony landmarks are highly correlated with link lengths
Body Segment Volume and Weight Body segment mass and volume are related
by the density of the segment.
D = M/V = (W/g)/V
Body Segment Center of Mass Center of mass is that point where if the
segment is suspended that the gravitational effect is equal. It is the location where the gravitational effect can be considered to act.
Location methods…
Inertia Properties Rotational inertia
Radius of gyration
Measuring Joint Motion Difficulties and descriptive requirements
Tools Goniometers
Flexometer/Inclinometer
Photo or video methods
Image from: http://www.rehaboutlet.com/goniometers.htm
Image from: http://www.spaceagecontrol.com/s050v.htm