Post on 31-Mar-2015
Protein turnover.Biosynthesis of amino acids
Léránt István
Biosynthesis of amino acidsN – NH4
+
C – glycolysis, PPP, citric acid cycle
L-amino acid / D –amino acid
Proteinogen amino acids 20 (22)
Essential amino acids
Non essential amino acids
COOH
C
R1
HNH2
OHNADPGlutamateHNADPHNH ateketoglutar 24
NADPH – L-Glutamate
OHNADPGlutamateHNADPHNH ateketoglutar 24
Glutamine synthetase
Synthesis of amino acidsOrigin of C•Intermedier of glycolysis•Intermedier of PPP•Intermedier of citric acid cycle
BIOSYNTHESIS OF AMINO ACIDS
• alpha-ketoacid à alpha-amino acid
AspAlaGlu
SYNTHESIS OF AMINO ACIDSAspAlaGlu
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
NH3
+
O
NH4
+ OH2
alpha-ketoglutarate L-glutamate
NAD/P/H + H+ NAD/P/H+
SYNTHESIS OF AMINO ACIDS
• Transamination• Deamination• Decarboxylation • Glycogen-glucose
PLP – Vitamin B6
N+
NH2
OHO
PO
OH OH
Pyridoxaminphosphate
N+
O
OHO
PO
OH OH
Pyridoxalphosphate
SYNTHESIS OF AMINO ACIDSProlineArginine
Glutamate
Glutamate-g-semialdehyde
Proline Arginine
SYNTHESIS OF AMINO ACIDSProlinArginin
Glutamate
Glutamate-g-semialdehyde
Proline Ornitine
Arginine
SYNTHESIS OF AMINO ACIDSSerGlycolysis intermedier: 3-P-glycerateTransaminationDephosphorylation
Ser: precursor of Gly & Cys
SYNTHESIS OF AMINO ACIDSSerSer: precursor of Gly & Cys OH O
NH3
+
O
O
NH3
+
O
Methylen-H4-folátH4-folát
Ser Gly
SYNTHESIS OF AMINO ACIDSSerSer: precursor of Gly & Cys
Ser + homocysteine (Met)
Cystationine
Alpha-ketobutyrate + cysteine
FOLIC ACID – C1FoliumSpinach
15 mg / adultsMainly - liver
• Vitamin B9, Vitamin M• Vitamin B9 deficiency• megaloblastic anaemia
– Neurological symptoms peripherial neuropathy myelopathy
– vegetative disturbance• psychiatric disturbance
– depression– insomnia– irritability– forgetfulness