TRAINING AND PROJECT REPORT

EMBEDDED SYSTEMS

Presentation By:Vinni Satija

DETAILS ABOUT THE SUMMER TRAINING

TRAINING CENTRE : CMC LIMITED, PITAMPURA

NAME OF THE TRAINER : Mr. SHASHI RANJAN

TENURE OF TRAININING : 45 DAYS

COURSE : EMBEDDED SYSTEMS

PROJECT COMPLETED : TRAFFIC LIGHT CONTROLLER

EMBEDDED SYSTEMS

•An embedded system is a computer system designed to perform one or a few dedicated functions often with real-time computing constraints. • It is embedded as part of a complete device often including hardware and mechanical parts.• A general example may be traced as that of the personal computer or a PC.

WHAT ARE MICROCONTROLLERS?•A microcontroller (sometimes abbreviated µC, uC or MCU) is a small computer on a single integrated circuit containing a processor core, memory, and programmable input/output peripherals.•Microcontrollers are used in automatically controlled products and devices, such as automobile engine control systems, implantable medical devices, remote controls, office machines, appliances etc.•By reducing the size and cost compared to a design that uses a separate microprocessor, memory, and input/output devices, microcontrollers make it economical to digitally control even more devices and processes.

ABOUT 8051 MICROCONTROLLER•In 1981 INTEL CORPORATION LTD introduced an 8 bit microcontroller called the 8051.•Some of the features that have made the 8051 popular are:

•8-bit data bus •16-bit address bus•32 general purpose

registers each of 8 bits•16 bit timers (usually

2, but may have more, or less).

•3 internal and 2 external interrupts.

ABOUT 8051 MICROCONTROLLER

•Bit as well as byte addressable RAM area of 16 bytes.

•Four 8-bit ports, (short models have two 8-bit ports).

•16-bit program counter and data pointer

•This system was referred to as a SYSTEM ON CHIP as the RAM and ROM were designed on the chip. This is an 8 bit processor as CPU can handle only 8 bit data at a time.

GENERAL ARCHITECTURE

ABOUT 8051 MICROCONTROLLER

The 40 pin IC has the following pin diagram

The Traffic Light Controller Using 8051•Traffic lights, which may also be known as stoplights, are signaling devices positioned at road intersections, and other locations to control competing flows of traffic. •They assign the right of way to road users by the use of lights in standard colors (Red - Yellow - Green), using a universal color code.

MOTIVATION

•The project finds high practical and widespread use.•It is a very primitive application of the microcontroller.•Easy and convenient to be built for a beginner as the coding comprises of basic instructions.

ELEMENTS REQUIRED

•MICROCONTROLLER 8051•PCB•LEDs (Red, Yellow, Green)•CAPACITORS (10MicroF/50V, 33pF, 1000microfarad/25V)•RESISTORS(56K,330 ohms)•POWER SUPPLY (5V)

Basic Circuit Diagram

The Traffic Light Controller Using 8051

Basic working

•The pins of the various input output ports of the microcontroller are connected directly to the given LEDs.•The 8051 is programmed in a manner that the respective LEDs glow by setting the required bit using assembly language and a certain amount of delay is provided depending on the user.

The project traffic light controller using the 8051 is successfully studied along with the 8051 microcontroller.

Conclusion and Result