Program in NHP Program in NHP NeuroimagingNeuroimaging

Calum AvisonCalum Avison

OverviewOverview RationaleRationale

BiophysicsBiophysics Biology / behaviorBiology / behavior

Facilities / CapabilitiesFacilities / Capabilities ImagingImaging Support EquipmentSupport Equipment StaffStaff

ProjectsProjects DTI Tractography ValidationDTI Tractography Validation Rhesus (3T) - neurodevelopmental consequences of cocaine exposure Rhesus (3T) - neurodevelopmental consequences of cocaine exposure in in

uteroutero Squirrel monkey (9.4T) - neural correlates of tactile illusion / correlation Squirrel monkey (9.4T) - neural correlates of tactile illusion / correlation

with optical imaging and electrophysiologywith optical imaging and electrophysiology

NHP Rationale - BiologyNHP Rationale - Biology

Structural Homology?Structural Homology? Functional Homology?Functional Homology?

Project 1 - Prenatal Cocaine Project 1 - Prenatal Cocaine Exposure (PNCE)Exposure (PNCE)

Prenatal Cocaine Exposure in RhesusPrenatal Cocaine Exposure in Rhesus

Developmental neurobiologyDevelopmental neurobiology PNCE PNCE behavioral/cognitive impairment? behavioral/cognitive impairment? StructureStructure Functional circuitryFunctional circuitry Pre-/post-synaptic defects in neurotransmissionPre-/post-synaptic defects in neurotransmission

MethodologyMethodology PET mapping of receptors, neurotransmitter release PET mapping of receptors, neurotransmitter release High resolution structural MRI + VBMHigh resolution structural MRI + VBM High resolution DTIHigh resolution DTI fMRI responses to pre-/post-synaptic agentsfMRI responses to pre-/post-synaptic agents Co-registrationCo-registration

Co-registered (ABA) PET/MR images Co-registered (ABA) PET/MR images of Rhesus Monkeyof Rhesus Monkey

T1-weighted MR image acquiredon a human 3T scanner

Summed image from a 3-hracquisition after 4.9 mCi injection of the D2 receptorligand [F-18]fallypride

HARDI / FORECAST HARDI / FORECAST - NHP (92 directions)- NHP (92 directions)

p_2_17p_2_22p_2_27p_2_31

1.5 mm isotropic2ch FLEX-M coilSENSE, R=1.5

DTI TractographyDTI Tractography

HARDI / FORECAST HARDI / FORECAST - NHP (92 directions)- NHP (92 directions)

p_2_17p_2_22p_2_27p_2_31

0.8 mm isotropic2ch FLEX-M coilSENSE

Implementation on Intera Achieva Implementation on Intera Achieva 3T 3T

Humans - 2 mm isotropic; 32, 92 directionsHumans - 2 mm isotropic; 32, 92 directions Neonatal developmentNeonatal development

Normal and abnormalNormal and abnormal Developmental abnormalitiesDevelopmental abnormalities Correlation with ss-fMRI (structure begets function)Correlation with ss-fMRI (structure begets function)

NHPs - 0.8 mm isotropic; 92 directionsNHPs - 0.8 mm isotropic; 92 directions Validation of HAR diffusion methodsValidation of HAR diffusion methods Structural homology (y/n?) with humansStructural homology (y/n?) with humans

y y Model of human brain Model of human brain n n Brain evolution Brain evolution

Effects of prenatal cocaine exposureEffects of prenatal cocaine exposure

HARDI / FORECAST HARDI / FORECAST - Human (92 directions)- Human (92 directions)

h_03

HARDI / FORECAST HARDI / FORECAST Human vs NHP (92 directions)Human vs NHP (92 directions)

h_03 p_2_17

HARDI / FORECAST HARDI / FORECAST Human vs NHP (92 directions)Human vs NHP (92 directions)

h_09 p_2_22

HARDI / FORECAST HARDI / FORECAST Human vs NHP (92 directions) Human vs NHP (92 directions)

h_10 p_2_25

NHP at 3TNHP at 3T

•2ch FLEX-M coil

•SENSE

NHP at 3TNHP at 3T

NHP at 3TNHP at 3T

NHP at 3TNHP at 3T

Coregistration

(Overlay)

functional 2D anatomic

Draw Volumes-of-interest

- Look at timecourse information for each VOI

- Statistics: GLM, ROI analysis

Coregistration using gyri information to match 2D and 3D

Volumes-of-interest

Putamen(Divided into RH and LH)

Caudate head(Divided into RH and LH)

supragenual anterior cingulate cortex (ACC1)

Subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (ACC2)

BrainVoyager Capability

Graph and Table of beta weight values

General Linear Model

Can apply statistics and obtain timecourse of only significantly activated voxels. (above: TC of significantly activated voxels of all six determined volumes-of-interest. 1.0 mg Cocaine administered at volume 200.)