Post on 06-May-2015
description
Michael zur Muehlen, Ph.D.Center of Excellence in Business Process InnovationHowe School of Technology ManagementStevens Institute of TechnologyHoboken NJMichael.zurMuehlen@stevens.edu
Process Modeling: What is used vs. what is useful
1
Modeling in the Large 2
Modeling in the Large: Industry Partners 3
Framework of Process Modeling Issues 4
Project Management
MaintenanceDesignSetup
Modelers Users Info. Providers
Tools and Lang.
Top Management
Support
Economics Governance
Strategy-related Issues
Top Management
Support
End-goal perceptions
Economic Value (economics)
PoliticsCommit-ment to
long term
ROI Justification
Sponsorship
Lack of value metrics (i.e.,
Balanced Scorecard)
Corporate standards
Focus on Initiatives
Incentives
Governance
Lack of Benchmarks
Costs
New tool acquisition
Training
Costs associated with
updating the models
Ownership of models
Lack of control
Lack of coordination
point
Strategy-related Issues5
Process Modeling Life Cycle Issues
Setup
Lack of common
methodology
Design
Consoli-dation and Integration
Lack of modeling objectives
Lack of standards for reuse
Variant management
InfrastructureModel quality
assuranceRework Timeliness
Corporate modeling standard
Level of abstraction
Modeling guidelines
Maintenance
Model maintenance
Modeling-related Issues6
Resource-related Issues
Process Modeler
BPM education
Model User
Integration of activities
Level of expertise
and experience
Cost efficiency
Capability to abstract
Turnaround time
Knowledge sharing
Level of complexity
Hierarchical decompo-sition of models
Tool and Language
Lack of model
utilization
Resistance to change / adoption of
BPM
Lack of transfer
Lack of communication
Lack of using full toolset
features
Intellectual property
Limited access to repository
Information Provider
Loss of knowledge
Lack of adequate
toolset
Integration with other modeling
tools
Lack of good graphical process mapping
Lack of efficient repository search
engine
Resource-related Issues7
BPMN - Practical use8
What is BPMN?Graphical Notation for Describing Business Processes
The “Look” of a process diagram
Flowchart based
Activity Network – Nodes and transitions
Sequential, Parallel and Conditional Paths
Arbitrarily complex diagrams
The BPMN will provide businesses with the capability of defining and understanding their internal and external business procedures through a Business Process Diagram, which will give organizations the ability to communicate these procedures in a standardized manner.
9
Uses of BPMNTargeted at creating different types of Business Processes
Allows the creation of end-to-end business processes
Three basic types of sub-model within an end-to-end BPMN Model
Private (Internal) Business Processes
Internal to a specific organization
Abstract (Public) Processes
Represents interaction between a private business process and another process or participant
Only activities used to communicate outside the private business process are included
Collaboration (Global) Processes
Represents interactions between two or more entities
Sequence of activities representing message exchange between entities
10
Uses of BPMNTargeted at creating different types of Business Processes
Allows the creation of end-to-end business processes
Three basic types of sub-model within an end-to-end BPMN Model
Private (Internal) Business Processes
Internal to a specific organization
Abstract (Public) Processes
Represents interaction between a private business process and another process or participant
Only activities used to communicate outside the private business process are included
Collaboration (Global) Processes
Represents interactions between two or more entities
Sequence of activities representing message exchange between entities
10
BPMN 1.1
11
Mainly cosmetic changes
New symbol for Multiple Event and Gateway (used to be star,now pentagram)
New Signal Event
Separation of “catching” and “throwing” events
12
Nor
mal
Flo
wTa
skE
nd E
vent
Sta
rt E
vent
/ E
vent
Poo
lD
ata-
Bas
ed X
OR
Sta
rt M
essa
geTe
xt A
nnot
atio
nM
essa
ge F
low
Par
alle
l For
k/Jo
inLa
nes
Gat
eway
Sub
-Pro
cess
(Col
lap
sed
)A
ssoc
iatio
nD
ata
Ob
ject
Inte
rmed
iate
Tim
erIn
term
edia
te M
essa
geE
nd T
erm
inat
eS
ub-P
roce
ss (E
xpan
ded
)E
nd L
ink
Def
ault
Flow
Incl
usiv
e D
ecis
ion/
Mer
geA
ctiv
ity L
oop
ing
Exc
eptio
n Ta
skS
tart
Lin
kE
nd M
essa
geE
nd E
xcep
tion
Com
ple
x D
ecis
ion/
Mer
geE
vent
-Bas
ed X
OR
Mul
tiple
Inst
ance
Gro
upTr
ansa
ctio
nIn
term
edia
te E
vent
End
Can
cel
Com
pen
satio
nIn
term
edia
te C
omp
ensa
tion
Con
diti
onal
Flo
wE
xcep
tion
Flow
Inte
rmed
iate
Lin
kS
tart
Tim
erO
ff-p
age
conn
ecto
rS
tart
Rul
eIn
term
edia
te R
ule
Inte
rmed
iate
Mul
tiple
End
Com
pen
satio
nS
tart
Mul
tiple
Inte
rmed
iate
Exc
eptio
nIn
term
edia
te C
ance
lE
nd M
ultip
leC
omp
ensa
tion
Ass
ocia
tion
WebConsultingSeminar
12
Nor
mal
Flo
wTa
skE
nd E
vent
Sta
rt E
vent
/ E
vent
Poo
lD
ata-
Bas
ed X
OR
Sta
rt M
essa
geTe
xt A
nnot
atio
nM
essa
ge F
low
Par
alle
l For
k/Jo
inLa
nes
Gat
eway
Sub
-Pro
cess
(Col
lap
sed
)A
ssoc
iatio
nD
ata
Ob
ject
Inte
rmed
iate
Tim
erIn
term
edia
te M
essa
geE
nd T
erm
inat
eS
ub-P
roce
ss (E
xpan
ded
)E
nd L
ink
Def
ault
Flow
Incl
usiv
e D
ecis
ion/
Mer
geA
ctiv
ity L
oop
ing
Exc
eptio
n Ta
skS
tart
Lin
kE
nd M
essa
geE
nd E
xcep
tion
Com
ple
x D
ecis
ion/
Mer
geE
vent
-Bas
ed X
OR
Mul
tiple
Inst
ance
Gro
upTr
ansa
ctio
nIn
term
edia
te E
vent
End
Can
cel
Com
pen
satio
nIn
term
edia
te C
omp
ensa
tion
Con
diti
onal
Flo
wE
xcep
tion
Flow
Inte
rmed
iate
Lin
kS
tart
Tim
erO
ff-p
age
conn
ecto
rS
tart
Rul
eIn
term
edia
te R
ule
Inte
rmed
iate
Mul
tiple
End
Com
pen
satio
nS
tart
Mul
tiple
Inte
rmed
iate
Exc
eptio
nIn
term
edia
te C
ance
lE
nd M
ultip
leC
omp
ensa
tion
Ass
ocia
tion
WebConsultingSeminar
12
Nor
mal
Flo
wTa
skE
nd E
vent
Sta
rt E
vent
/ E
vent
Poo
lD
ata-
Bas
ed X
OR
Sta
rt M
essa
geTe
xt A
nnot
atio
nM
essa
ge F
low
Par
alle
l For
k/Jo
inLa
nes
Gat
eway
Sub
-Pro
cess
(Col
lap
sed
)A
ssoc
iatio
nD
ata
Ob
ject
Inte
rmed
iate
Tim
erIn
term
edia
te M
essa
geE
nd T
erm
inat
eS
ub-P
roce
ss (E
xpan
ded
)E
nd L
ink
Def
ault
Flow
Incl
usiv
e D
ecis
ion/
Mer
geA
ctiv
ity L
oop
ing
Exc
eptio
n Ta
skS
tart
Lin
kE
nd M
essa
geE
nd E
xcep
tion
Com
ple
x D
ecis
ion/
Mer
geE
vent
-Bas
ed X
OR
Mul
tiple
Inst
ance
Gro
upTr
ansa
ctio
nIn
term
edia
te E
vent
End
Can
cel
Com
pen
satio
nIn
term
edia
te C
omp
ensa
tion
Con
diti
onal
Flo
wE
xcep
tion
Flow
Inte
rmed
iate
Lin
kS
tart
Tim
erO
ff-p
age
conn
ecto
rS
tart
Rul
eIn
term
edia
te R
ule
Inte
rmed
iate
Mul
tiple
End
Com
pen
satio
nS
tart
Mul
tiple
Inte
rmed
iate
Exc
eptio
nIn
term
edia
te C
ance
lE
nd M
ultip
leC
omp
ensa
tion
Ass
ocia
tion
WebConsultingSeminar
12
Nor
mal
Flo
wTa
skE
nd E
vent
Sta
rt E
vent
/ E
vent
Poo
lD
ata-
Bas
ed X
OR
Sta
rt M
essa
geTe
xt A
nnot
atio
nM
essa
ge F
low
Par
alle
l For
k/Jo
inLa
nes
Gat
eway
Sub
-Pro
cess
(Col
lap
sed
)A
ssoc
iatio
nD
ata
Ob
ject
Inte
rmed
iate
Tim
erIn
term
edia
te M
essa
geE
nd T
erm
inat
eS
ub-P
roce
ss (E
xpan
ded
)E
nd L
ink
Def
ault
Flow
Incl
usiv
e D
ecis
ion/
Mer
geA
ctiv
ity L
oop
ing
Exc
eptio
n Ta
skS
tart
Lin
kE
nd M
essa
geE
nd E
xcep
tion
Com
ple
x D
ecis
ion/
Mer
geE
vent
-Bas
ed X
OR
Mul
tiple
Inst
ance
Gro
upTr
ansa
ctio
nIn
term
edia
te E
vent
End
Can
cel
Com
pen
satio
nIn
term
edia
te C
omp
ensa
tion
Con
diti
onal
Flo
wE
xcep
tion
Flow
Inte
rmed
iate
Lin
kS
tart
Tim
erO
ff-p
age
conn
ecto
rS
tart
Rul
eIn
term
edia
te R
ule
Inte
rmed
iate
Mul
tiple
End
Com
pen
satio
nS
tart
Mul
tiple
Inte
rmed
iate
Exc
eptio
nIn
term
edia
te C
ance
lE
nd M
ultip
leC
omp
ensa
tion
Ass
ocia
tion
WebConsultingSeminar
12
Normal FlowTask
End EventStart Event / Event
PoolData-Based XOR
Start MessageText AnnotationMessage Flow
Parallel Fork/JoinLanes
GatewaySub-Process (Collapsed)
AssociationData Object
Intermediate TimerIntermediate Message
End TerminateSub-Process (Expanded)
End LinkDefault Flow
Inclusive Decision/MergeActivity LoopingException Task
Start LinkEnd Message
End ExceptionComplex Decision/Merge
Event-Based XORMultiple Instance
GroupTransaction
Intermediate EventEnd Cancel
CompensationIntermediate Compensation
Conditional FlowException Flow
Intermediate LinkStart Timer
Off-page connectorStart Rule
Intermediate RuleIntermediate Multiple
End CompensationStart Multiple
Intermediate ExceptionIntermediate Cancel
End MultipleCompensation Association
WebConsultingSeminar
13
Normal FlowTask
End EventStart Event / Event
PoolData-Based XOR
Start MessageText Annotation
Message FlowParallel Fork/Join
LanesGateway
Sub-Process (Collapsed)AssociationData Object
Intermediate TimerIntermediate Message
End TerminateSub-Process (Expanded)
End LinkDefault Flow
Inclusive Decision/MergeActivity Looping
Exception TaskStart Link
End MessageEnd Exception
Complex Decision/MergeEvent-Based XORMultiple Instance
GroupTransaction
Intermediate EventEnd Cancel
CompensationIntermediate Compensation
Conditional FlowException Flow
Intermediate LinkStart Timer
Off-page connectorStart Rule
Intermediate RuleIntermediate Multiple
End CompensationStart Multiple
Intermediate ExceptionIntermediate Cancel
End MultipleCompensation Association
Number of Different Constructs14
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Cluster Analysis15
Cluster Analysis15
Cluster Analysis15
Cluster Analysis15
Construct Clusters 16
Michael zur Muehlen, Ph.D.Center of Excellence in Business Process InnovationHowe School of Technology ManagementStevens Institute of TechnologyCastle Point on the HudsonHoboken, NJ 07030Phone: +1 (201) 216-8293Fax: +1 (201) 216-5385E-mail: mzurmuehlen@stevens.eduWeb: http://www.cebpi.orgslides: www.slideshare.net/mzurmuehlen
Thank You - Questions?
17