Post on 20-Sep-2015
description
No Flux Leakage
Densitometer
DemagnetizedMagnetized
X Rays Electrically generatedGamma Rays Generated by the decay of unstable atoms
IQIs should be placed source sideFilmSingle Wall Single Image (SWSI)
IQIs are placed on the film sideSource inside film outside (single exposure)Single Wall Single Image Panoramic
IQIs are placed on the film sideSource outside film outside (multiple exposure)This technique is intended for pipe diameters over 100mmDouble Wall Single Image (DWSI)
ID MR11EN W10
IQIs are placed on the source or film sideSource outside film outside (multiple exposure)A minimum of two exposuresThis technique is intended for pipe diameters less than 100mmDouble Wall Double Image (DWDI)
ID MR121243
Elliptical Radiograph1243
GAMMA SOURCESIsotopeTypical Thickness RangeIridium 19210 to 50 mm (mostly used)Cobalt 60> 50 mmYtterbium< 10 mmThulium< 10 mmCesium< 10 mm
Wire Type IQIStep/Hole Type IQI
Transverse crackLongitudinal crack
Transverse crackLongitudinal crack
Elongated slag linesInterpass slag inclusions
Cluster porosityHerringbone porosity
Cap undercutRoot undercut
Incomplete filled grooveExcess cap reinforcement
Linear Misalignment
Concave rootExcess root penetration
Burn Through
Tungsten Inclusion
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