Post on 13-May-2015
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM- GYNECOLOGIST- UTERUS- VAGINA- OVARIES- TUBAL LIGATION
By: Maria GarciaMedical TerminologyPresentation 10
Gynecologist: “ The Science of Women”
A gynecologist is a Doctor that deals with the health of the female reproductive system such as the uterus, vagina and ovaries
Almost all gynecologist are Obstetricians. The conditions gynecologist deal with are: -Cancer of the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus,
cervix, vagina, and vulva -Amenorrhoea :absent menstrual periods -Dysmenorrhoea: painful menstrual periods -Infertility -Menorrhagia : heavy menstrual periods -Infections of the vagina, cervix and uterus,
including fungal, bacterial and viral
Uterus (Womb)
A pear shaped organ that is bent forward with a thick muscular wall and mucous membrane lining
Tied to the pelvic cavity between bladder and rectum
There are 3 sections to the uterus: fundus, corpus and cervix
The inner layer is known as the endometrium which contains a rich blood supply and provides nourishment and protection for a developing baby
Uterus (Womb)
When a women is delivering a baby her uterus contracts with the thick muscular wall of the uterus, this is known as myometrium
The lining of the uterus nourishes the baby throughout the pregnancy
When there is no established pregnancy a women will begin her menstrual period
Vagina
The vagina is an elastic, muscular canal or tube with a soft, flexible lining that provides lubrication and sensation.
The vagina receives the penis and semen during sexual intercourse and serves as a channel for menstrual flow from the uterus.
During childbirth, the baby passes through the vagina
Contains a thin membrane of tissue called the hymen that surrounds and narrows the vaginal opening. It may be torn or ruptured by sexual activity, tampons or by exercise
Ovaries
A women has 2 ovaries that are the size of an almond. They are located on each side of the uterus within the pelvic bone
Ovaries produce ova and sex hormones
Hormones follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) trigger ovulation
Ovaries produce estrogen and progesterone which stimulate the lining of the uterus so it can receive a fertilized ovum
Tubal ligation Is known as having your
tubes tied or tubal sterilization
It is a permanent birth control where the tubes are cut or blocked to permanently prevent pregnancy
It disrupts the movement of the egg to the uterus for fertilization and blocks sperm
It does not affect a women’s menstrual cycle
When can tubal ligation be done? A tubal ligation can be
done at any time, it can be done after childbirth or in combination with another abdominal surgical procedure, such as a C-section. It's possible to reverse a tubal ligation, but reversal requires major surgery and isn't always effective
Why is tubal ligation done? It’s main reason is to prevent pregnancy For some women it decreases the risk
of ovarian cancer It is not appropriate for those who
might want to become pregnant, obese, have severe cardiac or pulmonary disease, have blood-clotting problems, internal abdominal scarring, pre-existing gynecologic conditios, such as irregular periods or abnormally heavy or prolonged periods.
What are the risks of tubal ligation? It is a major surgery and can damage
your bowel, bladder or major blood vessels
Wound infection Pelvic or abdominal pain Risky if you had a previous pelvic or
abdominal surgery History of pelvic inflammatory disease Not recommended if you are obese Not recommended if you are diabetic