Preparing Table of

Specification (TOS)

ROXETTE U. LAYOSABSEd GenSci - 3

As a student have you ever felt that the test you

studied for was completely or partially unrelated to the

class activities you experienced????

What is a

Table of Specification ?

◊ Test map that guides teacher in constructing a test.

◊ two-way chart which describes the topics to be covered by a test and the number of items or points which will be associated with each topic. 

◊ Table of specification is a plan prepared by a classroom teacher as a basis for test construction especially a periodic test.

What is the importance

of TOS ?

• Help teachers frame the decision making process of test construction and improve the validity of teachers’ evaluations based on tests constructed.

• Helping teachers to identify the types of items they need to include on their tests.

• Identify the achievement domains being measured and to ensure that a fair and representative sample of questions appear on the test.

• provides the teacher with evidence that a test has content validity, that it covers what should be covered.

Higher thinking skills

Lower thinking skills

Consist of four columns

• Level objective• Statement of objective• Item number• number items and percentage

Table of SpecificationLevel Objective Item Numbers Number Percentage

1.Knowledge

2.Comprehension

3.Application

4.Analysis

5.Synthesis

• Knowledge – remembering facts, terms, definitions, and concepts.

• Comprehension – understanding the meaning of material.

• Application – selecting a concept or skill and using it to solve a problem.

• Analysis – breaking material down into its parts and explaining the hierarchical relations

• Evaluation – making a judgment based upon a pre-established set of criteria.

Steps in Preparing

Table of Specification

1. List down the topics covered for inclusion in the test.

2.  Determine the objectives to be assessed by the test.

3. Specify the number of days/hours spent for teaching a particular topic.

4. determine percentage allocation of the test items for each of the topics covered. The formula applied is as follows: % for a topic = Total Number Of Days/ Hours Spent

EXAMPLE

• Mrs. Reyes utilized 10 hours for teaching the unit on photosynthesis. She spent 2 hours in teaching the topic, “Chemical Processes”. What percentage of test items should she allocate for the topic? % for a topic .

2÷10 = 0.20 (20%)

5. Determine the number of the items for each topic. This can be done by multiplying the percentage allocation for each topic by the total number of items to be constructed.

EXAMPLE

• Mrs. Reyes decided to prepare a 50- item test on the unit, “Photosynthesis”. How many items should she write for the “Chemical Processes”?

50 items x 0.20 = 10 items

• 6. Distribute the numbers to the objectives. The number of items allocated for each objective depends on the degree of importance attached by the teacher to it. 

 

OTHER REFERENCES

• http://www.eajournals.org/wp-content/uploads/Table-of-Specification-and-its-Relevance-in-educational-development-Assessment.pdf

• http://pareonline.net/pdf/v18n3.pdf• http://www.slideshare.net/MarcianoMelchor/

table-of-specifications-2013-copy-18908380• http://www.slideshare.net/daenice/preparing

-the-table-of-specification

THANK YOU !!!