Post on 06-Mar-2016
description
The solution for pollen beetle controlHighly effective against all pollen beetles, including those resistant to pyrethroid insecticides.
Thresholds for winter and spring oilseed rape cropsThe thresholds are based on the maximum number of buds each beetle can destroy and the number of excess flowers produced:• If there are less than 30 plants/m2, the threshold
is 25 pollen beetles/plant• If there are 30-50 plants/m2, the threshold is 18
pollen beetles/plant• If there are 50-70 plants/m2, the threshold is 11
pollen beetles/plant• If there are more than 70 plants/m2, the
threshold is 7 pollen beetles/plantThese will be published in an update of HGCA’s pollen beetle Information Sheet. Visit www.hgca.com/pests for further information.
Do NOT spray after flowering starts: the pollen beetles migrate to open flowers away from the buds and become pollinators rather than pests.
BBCH 59 - First petals visible, flower buds
still closed (‘yellow bud’)
Timing and thresholds for pollen beetle control
Crops at risk are those at the green to yellow bud stage where the beetles destroy the flower buds to gain access to the pollen.
Delivering benefits to the market
Core recommendations for PLEnUm:
PLENUM: Approved for use in winter and spring oilseed rape
Target pest: Pollen beetle (Meligethes aeneus)
Maximum individual dose: 0.15 kg/ha (delivers 75g/ha of pymetrozine)
Maximum number of applications: 1 per crop
Optimum timing: Green to yellow bud stage, BBCH 51 to BBCH 59
Latest time of application: Yellow bud before flowering, BBCH 59
Biology and life cycle of pollen beetle (Meligethes aeneus)
Critical time when populations can explode
Buds damagedby feeding adults
and larvae
Larvae fall to the soil and pupate. Adults emerge
2 to 3 weeks later. Usually 2 generations
a year.
Adults overwinter in the soil and under
leaf litter
Larvae feed on pollen, buds and
developing pods for about 28 days
Adults emerge in March and early April. Temperatures around
8-10°C
At temperatures above 15°C adult pollen
beetle migrate to winter oilseed rape crops
Females lay eggs in small holes at the base of the flower
buds. 100-200 eggs per female
Initially headlands are colonised and within
days the beetles move further into the crop
KEY stage for monitoring crops
• Control of all pollen beetles including those resistant to pyrethroid insecticides
• UNIQUE mode of action based on pymetrozine - not a neonicotinoid or pyrethroid compound
• Highly effective - rapid knockdown of pests and control for about 1 week after treatment
• Powerful contact effect against target pests
• PLENUM is physically compatible with most major fungicides
Benefits from using PLENUM
Controlling pollen beetleMaximise your potential through bud conservation:
A bud is a flower
Every flower has the potential to become a pod
A single pollen beetle is capable of destroying an average of nine buds*
A good crop of OSR can compensate for some bud loss but it will detract from the crops overall potential
*source: HGCA Project Report No. 495 - information was previously unknown and is pivotal in determining thresholds for the pest
(%) Percent proportion of population
UK 20
07 (n
.63)
UK 20
08 (n
.46)
UK 20
09 (n
.58)
UK 20
10 (n
.27)
Germ
any 2
007
(n.1
69)
Germ
any 2
008
(n.3
25)
Germ
any 2
009
(n.3
18)
Germ
any 2
010
(n.2
65)
Switz
erlan
d 20
07 (n
.8)
Switz
erlan
d 20
08 (n
.10)
Switz
erlan
d 20
09 (n
.47)
Switz
erlan
d 20
10 (n
.120
)Fr
ance
200
7 (n
.16)
Fran
ce 2
008
(n.2
6)
Fran
ce 2
009
(n.1
01)
Fran
ce 2
010
(n.1
23)
Highly ResistantResistantModerately ResistantSusceptible
Highly Susceptible
80
90
100
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Entomologist Dr Kevin Gorman, reports:
• Resistance to pyrethroids is no longer restricted to specific areas in the UK; resistant populations have been found as far north as Scotland
• Many populations are mixed, containing both pyrethroid-susceptible and resistant individuals
• The mechanism is believed to be metabolic resistance (P450 enzyme production). This type of metabolic resistance renders pyrethroid insecticides ineffective.
• In the UK no individuals have yet been found to carry the target-site resistance (kdr mutation) found in some other European countries
The chart below tracks the rapid development of resistance in Germany and Switzerland in particular. The UK situation also demonstrates increased resistance to pyrethroids and the 2012 surveys report a broad spread of resistant beetles across the UK
Source: IRAC website
Further information can be found at www.irac-online.org
Effective control strategies - pollen beetle resistance
Rothamsted Research has conducted studies into resistance to pyrethroid insecticides. They found the situation across the UK to be changing significantly. Resistance was first identifiedin Kent in 2006.
08
10
12
06
02
04
Bee
tles
per
ste
m
Untre
ated
HALL
MAR
KZO
EN
thiac
loprid
indox
acar
b 57
gind
oxac
arb
85g
PLEN
UM
1 DAS3-4 DAS
7-8 DAS
0
Rapidknockdown& persistent
control
Per
cent
co
ntro
l of
bee
tles
(%)
Number of days after application
1-3 DAA 3-6 DAA 7-9 DAA
Lambda-cyhalothrin 0.075 l/haThiacloprid 0.3 l/haPLENUM 0.15 kg/ha
80
90
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Proof of Performance
The chart above compares pollen beetle control in winter oilseed rape from three insecticides from different chemical groups. The summary is from 21 trials across seven European countries.
PLENUM, produced a robust performance, both in knockdown and persistence when compared with both lambda-cyhalothrin and thiacloprid.
The majority of these trials were conducted using pyrethroid-resistant populations.
Insecticide efficacy against pollen beetles – 2 trials 2012
Source: Syngenta approval document (30th April 2010)
Core recommendations:
Product Pest Usage rate/ha Additional information
Pollen beetle 0.15 kg/haApply at threshold levels at the green
to yellow bud stage only
Pollen beetle 75 ml/haApply at threshold levels when targeting susceptible beetles. Do not use if resistance has been confirmed or suspected
European summary PLEnUm WG
Application – plays a crucial role in product performance• Angled nozzles producing MEDIUM droplets are best
whether alone or in mix with a fungicide.
• Alternate the nozzles backwards and forwards along the boom
• The DEFY nozzle is ideal for water volumes of 100 l/ha
• The Syngenta Potato nozzles are best suited for higher water volumes, 150 to 200 l/ha
Syngenta UK Ltd CPC4, Capital Park, Fulbourn, Cambridge CB21 5XE Tel: 01223 883400 Fax: 01223 882195 Technical Enquiries Tel: 0800 169 6058 E-mail: customer.services@syngenta.com Website: www.syngenta.co.ukHALLMARK® and PLENUM® are Registered Trademarks of a Syngenta Group Company. HALLMARK with Zeon Technology (MAPP 12629) contains lambda-cyhalothrin and PLENUM WG (MAPP10652) contains pymetrozine. PLENUM WG is Dangerous to Bees refer to product label for details. Crop safety and product efficacy in mixtures have not been tested and remain at the user’s own risk. Use plant protection products safely. Always read the label and product information before use. For further product information including warning phrases and symbols refer to www.syngenta.co.uk – technical literature – product label. ©Syngenta AG February 2011. OSR. GQ 01482
Key tips:• Do not apply PLENUM to
flowering oilseed rape or where bees are actively foraging in the crop. Best time to spray is during the early morning or evening
• Take care when crops are uneven, patches may be in flower before the rest of the field. Do not use PLENUM in these situations
• If a follow-up insecticide is required, e.g. after HALLMARK ZEON, growers are advised to switch to a product with an alternative mode of action.
• If resistance has been confirmed or suspected use PLENUM
• Treat crops when pests reach threshold levels, avoid routine applications of insecticides; this will help reduce the selection pressure
• PLENUM is physically compatible with most major fungicides, add PLENUM to the spray tank first
Defy Nozzle Best on Buds
BUD TOPS BUD BOT
O3O5GATO35DEFY
POT
160
180
200
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0