Photosynthesis

by / ahmed fathy I love your eyes my princess

6CO2 + 12 H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2

Simple molecule complex molecule

Physical energy chemical energy

C C6

Chlorophyll

light

meatabolism

•Anabolism : simple compound is converted to complex compound

•Catabolism : complex compound is converted to simple compound

Photosynthesis

Light reactin : take place in grana because they depend on electron transfer

Dark reaction : take place in stroma because they need to solution

Photosynthesis take place in chloroplast

What do plants need to grow?•The “factory” for making

energy & sugars–chloroplast

•Fuels–sunlight–carbon dioxide–water

•The Helpers–enzymes

•Chloroplasts–double membrane–stroma

•fluid-filled interior

–thylakoid sacs–grana stacks

•Thylakoid membrane contains

–chlorophyll molecules–electron transport chain–ATP synthase

Plant structure

H2O

ENERGYbuilding reactions

SUGARbuilding reactions

ATPADP

CO2

sugar

sun

used immediatelyto synthesize sugars

How do plants make energy & food?

•Plants use the energy from the sun–to make ATP energy–to make sugars

•glucose, sucrose, cellulose, starch, & more

sun

ATPsugars

Light reaction

Light reaction

ETC of Photosynthesis

•ETC uses light energy to produce–ATP & NADPH

•go to Calvin cycle

•PS II absorbs light–excited electron passes from chlorophyll to

“primary electron acceptor”–need to replace electron in chlorophyll–enzyme extracts electrons from H2O & supplies

them to chlorophyll•splits H2O•O combines with another O to form O2

•O2 released to atmosphere•and we breathe easier!

ETC of Photosynthesis

•ETC uses light energy to produce–ATP & NADPH

•go to Calvin cycle

•PS I absorbs light–excited electron passes from chlorophyll to

“primary electron acceptor”–need to replace electron in chlorophyll–Electron comes from ETC of PSII

–Excited electron passes to electron carrier molecule

•NADPH•Sent to Calvin Cycle in the stroma

split H2O

Light Reactions of Photosynthesis

O

ATP

to Calvin CycleH+

H+

H+

H+

H+

H+

H+

H+

H+H+

H+

e e

e e

sunsun

Dark reaction

From Light reactions to Calvin cycle

•Calvin cycle –chloroplast stroma

•Need products of light reactions to drive synthesis reactions

–ATP–NADPH

stroma

thylakoid

Photosynthesis summary

•Light reactions–produced ATP–produced NADPH–consumed H2O–produced O2 as byproduct

•Calvin cycle–consumed CO2

–produced G3P (sugar)–regenerated ADP–regenerated NADP

Light Reactions

O2

H2O

Energy BuildingReactions

ATP

produces ATP produces NADPH releases O2 as a

waste product

sunlight

H2O ATP O2light

energy ++ + NADPH

NADPH

Calvin Cycle

sugars

CO2

SugarBuilding

Reactions

ADP

builds sugars uses ATP &

NADPH recycles ADP

& NADP back to make

more ATP & NADPHATP

NADPH

NADP

CO2 C6H12O6 ++ + NADPATP + NADPH ADP

H2O

Energy cycle

Photosynthesis

Cellular Respiration

sun

glucose O2CO2

plants

animals, plants

ATP

CO2 H2O C6H12O6 O2light

energy + ++

CO2 H2OC6H12O6 O2ATP

energy+ ++

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

•What affects photosynthesis?–Light intensity: as light increases, rate of

photosynthesis increases

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

•What affects photosynthesis?–Carbon Dioxide: As CO2 increases, rate of

photosynthesis increases

PHOTOSYNTHESIS•What affects photosynthesis?

–Temperature :•Temperature Low = Rate of photosynthesis low•Temperature Increases = Rate of photosynthesis

increases•If temperature too hot, rate drops

with my best wishes

Ahmed mohammed fathy