Post on 11-Apr-2017
OPENINGS
Doors & Windows
BUILDING CONSTRUCTION AND TECHNOLOGY - II
II SEM.
B.ARCHITECTURE
LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 1
ABOUT DOORS & WINDOWS
• Connect the interior of a building/house to the
outdoors.
• Ventilation & Daylight.
• Aesthetic element.
Doors Provides:
• Privacy
• Safety/Security
• Beauty
• Light (with glazing in door)
• Link between Internal Parts of
Building.
Window Provides:
• Light
• Energy
• Beauty
• Ventilation
• View of outside
MaterialsWood, Glass, Playwood
and Metal.
LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 2
LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 3
DOORS
LOCATION OF DOOR
• Opposite wall for air circulation.
• Near to the corner ( Proper space Utilization)
• Functional requirement of the room.
• No of doors should be minimum as per requirement.
SIZE OF DOOR
• Door of residential building
• External Door 1000 x 2000
• Internal Door 900 x 2000
• Bath wc door 800 x 2000
• Door of Public Building
• School, Hospital, Library 1200 x 2000,2100
• Door Garrage of Car
• 2250 x 2250
LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 4
DOORS
Framework of wood, steel, aluminum, glass or a combination of these materials
secured in an opening left in a wall for the purpose of providing access to the
users of the structure.
Door Consist of two parts
• Frame
• Shutter ( Leaf )
SHUTTER
FRAME
LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 5
DOORS
DOOR FRAME
Door Frame Consist of two parts
• Jamb of Post
• Head
And Holdfast
Size of Door Frame
• In case of single shutter door 60mm x 100mm
• In case of double shutter door 60mm x 120-140mm
Head projected out by 7cm from the Jamb, the projected portion
is called as Horn.
LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 6
DOOR FRAME
HEAD
JAMB /
POST
HOLDFAST
Floor Level
HORN
REBATE
LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 7
DOORS
Door Frame Consist of two Material
• Steel
• Timber
DOOR FRAME
Before fixing, all portions of the frame which will come in contact
with masonry, are painted with thick coat of coaltar or by any
approved type of primer.
Timber Door FrameSteel Door Frame
LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 8
DOOR SHUTTER (LEAF)
TOP RAIL
BOTTOM RAIL
RAILSSTYLE
PANEL
LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 9
DOORS
Depends upon
• Type of material used
• Arrangement of different component
• Method of construction
• Nature of working operation
TYPE OF DOORS
CLASSIFICATION OF DOORS
1. Battened and ledged Door
2. Battened ledged and braced
Door
3. Battened, ledged, braced and
framed door.
4. Framed and panelled doors.
5. Glazed or sash Door.
6. Flush Door.
7. Fly proof Door.
8. Revolving Door.
9. Sliding Door.
10.Swing Door.
11.Collapsible steel Door.
12.Rolling steel shutter door.
13.Rolling grill door.
14.M.S. sheet door.
15.Fire check Door.
LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 10
DOORS
• Simplest form of door
• Commonly used in narrow opening.
1. BATTENED & LEDGED DOOR
This type of door uses in W.C., Bathroom, where
economy is more concern rather than appearance and
security.
T-Hinge
Lock ledge
Battens are 75 – 100 mm x 20 mm
Top ledge 100mm x 25 – 30 mm
Middle & bottom ledge
175 to 200mm x 25 – 30 mm
LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 11
DOORS
• Improved form of battened and ledge door.
• Two additional inclined members are provided
2. BATTENED LEDGED & BRACED DOOR
This type of door uses in wider
opening where economy is
more concern rather than
appearance and security.
Battens 100 – 175 mm x 20 mm
Ledges 175 - 225 x 25 – 30 mm
Braces 125 – 175 mm x 25 – 30 mm
LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 12
DOORS
• Considered superior in strength, durability, and appearance.
3. BATTENED, LEDGED, BRACED & FRAMED DOOR.
This type of door uses in
external use as well as in
situations where the door is
likely to be subjected to rough
handing.
LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 13
DOORS
• Commonly used.
• Shutter of door consist Style, Rail and Panel.
• Door may me Single, Double, Three ,Four or Six panel as per
requirement.
4. FRAMED AND PANELLED DOORS.
• Centre of Lock rail is mm above.
• Panel (3 to 5cm thick)
• Timber
• Plywood
• Width of Style is 10cm.
• Bottom & Lock rail is 15cm wide.
LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 14
DOORS
• Provides Natural Lights.
• Instead of panel there is a glazing.
5. GLAZED OR SASH DOOR.
LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 15
DOORS
1. Solid Core type Flush Door
2. Cellular core type flush Door.
3. Hollow core type flush door.
6. FLUSH DOOR
1. Solid Core type Flush Door
Such doors are quite strong but heavy
and require more material. Solid-core
doors provide
better sound insulation and have less
tendency to warp.
Core consist of Soft Wood Strips
or block board or particle
board.
Cross Band
LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 16
DOORS
6. FLUSH DOOR
2. Cellular core type flush Door
• The frame is made up of styles and top and
bottom rail.
• The space is filled with closely spaced battens of
minimum 25 mm width such that the void area
does not exceed 0.25 sq. m.
• Thus, the total area of voids should not exceed
40% of the area of the shutter.
LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 17
DOORS
6. FLUSH DOOR
3. Hollow core type flush Door
• The frame is made up of styles and
top and bottom rail (75 mm
Width.)
• The space is filled with closely
spaced battens of minimum 25
mm width such that the void area
does not exceed 0.5 sq. m.
• Plywood/veneers and cross bands
can be glued from both sides. The
thickness of plywood should not
be less than 6 mm.
LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 18
DOORS
7. FLY PROOF DOOR
This type of door is used
to avoid flies, mosquitoes
and insects inside building.
G.I. wire mess is fixed by
nail and beading.
Commonly provided
for kitchens, canteens,
refreshment room,
cupboard of storing
food, sweets, meat ect.
LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 19
DOORS
8. REVOLVING DOOR
SUCH TYPES ARE PROVIDED IN PUBLIC BUILDINGS, LIKE
BANKS, MUSEUMS, HOTELS, OFFICES ETC.
LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 20
DOORS
9. SLIDING DOORS
SUCH TYPES ARE SUITABLE FOR SHOPS,
SHED, GODOWN AND GARRAGE ETC.
LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 21
DOORS
10. SWING DOORS
• The shutter is fitted to its frame by special double
action hinges
• The hinges permits the shutter to move both ways,
inward as well as outward.
• The doors are not rebated at the meeting styles.
• To open the door, a slight push is made and the
spring action brings the shutter in closed position.
LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 22
DOORS
11. COLLAPSIBLE STEEL DOOR.
Recommended where light, ventilation and Security is required.
Door essentially consist of
vertical double channels,
each of 20 x 10 x 2mm in
size and spaced 10 to 12
cm apart.
Channels are braced with
diagonal flat iron of
20mmwide and 5mm
thick.
LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 23
DOORS
12 & 13. ROLLING STEEL/GRILL SHUTTER DOOR .
Recommended where
security is concern.
Guide channels are use of
mild steel and deep enough
to hold the door.
When there are door
opening is more than
10sq.m gearbox with
handle is required for
opening and closing of
doors.
LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 24
DOORS
14. M.S. SHEET DOOR
• Provided where high degree of protection and safety
is required.
• Door is normally provided with two shutter.
• Door frame and styles and rail maid with Steel
sections.
• This type of doors recommended for Railway
goods shed, garages, godowns etc.
LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 25
DOORS
15 Fire check door.
Door for fire Protection.
Two Type
• Steel Plate Door
• Metal Covered door
STEEL PLATE DOOR
Shutter made of 6mmthick steel plate.
The arrangement of Style Rail and steel plate should be such that the
thickness of the door is 18mm or more.
METAL COVERED DOOR
Core made of Seasoned Tick wood or Yellow Pined wood.
Core is incased in a steel sheet and ensured that it does not ignite.
LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 26
THANK YOU….