Post on 25-Dec-2015
Open Education____________________________________________________
Past , Present , and Your Future
Paul Kawachi FRSA
kawachi @ open - ed.net
overview
past
present
future
overview
past
present
future your
overview
past
present
future your
: define ‘open’
: development
: re-define ‘open’
overview
The purpose and aims for this presentation : (1)define ‘open’ : to see what other open universities are doing, to know the differences
(2) development : to understand how universities change, and why there are differences
(3) re-define ‘open’ : to understand the current reform and to see your role in all this
overview
past
present
future your
: define ‘open’
: development
: re-define ‘open’
1. define ‘open’
: people, places, methods, ideas
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
1. define ‘open’
: people, places, methods, ideas
UK Open Universitystarted out with quality assurance and research orientation
they started almost all the leading innovations . . .
1. define ‘open’
people : modular courses, credit bank, and listening to students
places : local tutors, repeated broadcasts, and recordings of lessons
methods : study centres, supported learning, educational radio and television
ideas : easy English, conversational model women’s studies, group team learning, and cross-faculty courses
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
The first ever recording of open distance education university course material was of radio broadcasts published in Germany as a plastic record in 1970
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
The first ever recording of open distance education university course material was of radio broadcasts published in Germany as a plastic record in 1970
1. define ‘open’
: people, places, methods, ideas
UK Open University
but not yet . . . languages, cultures, costs
1. define ‘open’
: people, places, methods
India IGNOU
they are open to changing their mission statement
1. define ‘open’
: people, places, methods
India IGNOU
and open to . . . languages, costs but not yet . . . cultures
1. define ‘open’
: people, (places), (methods)
Japan O U J
and not yet . . . languages, costs, cultures, time
1. define ‘open’
: people, (places), (methods)
Japan O U Jmission = promote lifelong learning for older adults
and not yet . . . languages, costs, cultures, time
1. define ‘open’
: people, places, costs
Korea N O U
1. define ‘open’
1. define ‘open’
1. define ‘open’
philosophical difference
distance education : conformity to standard teaching to students-as-objects
open learning : individualised learner-centred honours and values diversity student is the subject of learning
1. define ‘open’
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
2. develop
cycles : to understand the role and function of openness in open universities
we need to understand the cycles of development
2. develop
cycles : basically there are two parts in each cycle of development
2. develop
cycles : basically there are two parts in each cycle of development
these are first technical improvementfollowed by quality improvement
2. develop
cycles : basically there are two parts in each cycle of development
these are first technical improvementfollowed by quality improvement
originally proposed by Otto Peters in 1983then identified by Paul Kawachi in 2002
2. develop
cycles :
technical improvement zweckrationalität technical rationalisation
quality improvement wertrationalität value - adding rationalisation
2. develop
cycles : zweckrationalität , wertrationalität technical value - adding
1970 ~ 1990 1990 ~ 1995 1995 ~ 2000 2001 ~ 2005 2005 ~ 2008 2009 ~ 2012 2013 ~ 2020 2021 ~
2. develop
zweckrationalität wertrationalität technical value - adding 1970 ~ 1990 1990 ~ 1995
industrialisation tutor - supportmass production media choice learners in groups
2. develop
zweckrationalität wertrationalität technical value - adding 1995 ~ 2000 2001 ~ 2005
objective text - based student - centred internet use ethnic diversity email tolerance / law
2. develop
zweckrationalität wertrationalität technical value - adding 2005 ~ 2008 2009 ~ 2012
financial crisis consortia mergers course choicessharing courses social networking
2. develop
zweckrationalität wertrationalität technical value - adding 2013 ~ 2020 2021 ~
prior - learning face - recognition recognition voice - recognition virtual realitycross-accreditation student mobility lifelong learning
2. develop
cycles : zweckrationalität , wertrationalität technical value - adding
1970 ~ 1990 1990 ~ 1995 1995 ~ 2000 2001 ~ 2005 2005 ~ 2008 2009 ~ 2012 2013 ~ 2020 2021 ~
2. develop
cycles : different regions are at different stages of vertical development ( cycles of technical + value-adding ) and of horizontal development ( out-reach )
2. develop
cycles : understanding these cycles
helps us to know thatdifferent countries are at different stagesandeven within a country different universities are at different stages
3. re-define ‘open’
: UK Open University has 20 million downloads of courseware from i Tunes Univ
put short courses freely online http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn
60 % of those who try sampler courses later enrol+ they offer new Openings courses for the poor
3. re-define ‘open’
: Humboldt
Bologna
3. re-define ‘open’
: Humboldt founded the first liberal arts university
Bologna Process of specialisation aiming to recover higher education for the people
types of university and distinct function of each type
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
3. re-define ‘open’
: universities stand for different purposes
and develop vertically rarely connecting with each other
3. re-define ‘open’
universities stand for different purposes
3. re-define ‘open’
universities stand for different purposes
medicinehospital
school teacherscollege
businessschoolM B A
adult - educationopen university
3. re-define ‘open’
and develop individually without joining together
medicinehospital
school teacherscollege
businessschoolMBA
adult-edopen university
3. re-define ‘open’
can they join together
?
3. re-define ‘open’
maybe
open university
technologyuniversity
teachertraininguniversity
3. re-define ‘open’
and possiblytransnationally
O U J
O U C
K N O U
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
some open universities are moving into Stage 6 or 7
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
to develop into Stage 6 the open university needs to be open culturally
andto develop into Stage 7 the open university needs to develop shared open resources
3. re-define ‘open’
to develop into Stage 6 the open university needs to be open culturally
andto develop into Stage 7 the open university needs to develop shared open resources
3. re-define ‘open’
to develop into Stage 6 the open university needs to be open culturally
andto develop into Stage 7 the open university needs to develop shared open resources
Let’s see how well open universities are developingand re-defining the concept of open = going out
3. re-define ‘open’
: UK Open University offers pic-n-mix courses, certs higher ed, diplomas, and degrees in ‘Open Programme’
BA/ BSc Open Degreehttp://www3.open.ac.uk/study/undergraduate/qualification/bd.htm
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
“ With the Open degree you can take modules from any of our undergraduate subjects …You can also get a Certificate of Higher Education Open,and a Diploma of Higher Education Open, on the way toyour Open degree with honours. The Open degree is an important part of what makes the Open University unique.”
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
in Britain the Open Universitygoes out hand-in-handwith others into the high streets
in New Zealand too
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
… in a sub-way train station underground in Taipei
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
… and in Canada
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
… mobile library buses go outto reach the people in rural Britain
3. re-define ‘open’
: India IGNOU
people, places, methods languages, costs
and gradually . . . cultures
3. re-define ‘open’
: Japan O U J
people, methods ( = lifelong learning )
and also now . . . places eg community centres
3. re-define ‘open’
: Japan O U J
most excitingly open to real collaboration across cultures
3. re-define ‘open’
: Japan O U J
most excitingly open to real collaboration across cultures
unique !
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
Open University of China is always looking outto find new ways to reach the people
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
Open University of Chinais open to high technology
3. re-define ‘open’
3. re-define ‘open’
: we must go outside to be open, listen PLAR, share with family, continue lifelong learning learning and … more open to cultures, costs, languages
Only a few teachers … but who is a teacher ?Peers, senior even junior students are also teachersespecially graduates and alumni
summary
past
present
future
summary
your
: define ‘open’
: development
: re-define ‘open’
summary
define ‘open’ : people, places, methods, ideas
development : cycles of technical and value-adding
re-define ‘open’ : we must go outside to be open
summary
define ‘open’ : people, places, methods, ideas
development : cycles of technical and value-adding
re-define ‘open’ : we must go outside to be open, listen, share, and continue learning
summary
define ‘open’ : people, places, methods, ideas
development : cycles of technical and value-adding
re-define ‘open’ : we must go outside to be open, listen, share, and continue learning, develop new resources
‘open’defined
as ways tocome in
‘open’re-definedas ways to
go out
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
you can download these slides freely from the website
http://www.open-ed.net / library / define . ppt
or by email to me at
kawachi @ open - ed . net
you can download the full paper
http://www.open-ed.net / library / define . pdf
or by email to me at
kawachi @ open - ed . net
thank you
http://www.open-ed.net/presentations.pdf
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
past
present
future your
: define ‘open’
: development
: re-define ‘open’
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
http://www.open-ed.net/presentations.pdf
thank you
Open Education Networkhttp :// www . open - ed. net
http://www.open-ed.net/presentations.pdf
thank you