One Health and New Media in Veterinary Education

Katinka de Balogh

Senior Officer-Veterinary Public Health Animal Health Service

Food and Agriculture Organization Rome

Outline of presentation

• Emerging diseases and One Health

• Technology since 1970s

• New media for information sharing and learning

Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN

• 192 member countries + EU

• Ministers of Agriculture

• HQ-Rome

Mission

• Helping to built a world without hunger

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1961 1964 1967 1970 1973 1976 1979 1982 1985 1988 1991 1994 1997 2000 2003 2006

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Beef Pig meat Milk Poultry Meat Sheep and Goat Meat Aquaculture

aquaculture

poultry

“Fish, the new chicken”

doubling

in 15 yrs

doubling

in 10 yrs

courtesy E. Opoio

What has created the interest in emerging zoonoses?

• BSE (1980s)

• Nipah (2000)

• SARS (2003)

New infectious disease agent 1976-…..

• 1976 Crytosporidium parvum • 1977 Ebola (Congo) • 1977 Hataan virus (Korea) • 1977 Campylobacter jejuni • 1982 E. coli 0157:H7 • 1982 Borrelia burgdorfi (Lyme Disease) • 1983 Human Immuodeficiency Virus (HIV) • 1983 & 1997 Avian Influenza A H5N2 (USA & Italy) • 1984 Escherichia coli O157:H7 (USA) • 1985 Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus (USA/UK) • 1987 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus (USA) • 1988 Hepatitis E • 1989 Ehrlichia chaffeensis • 1989 Venezuelan Hemmorrhagic Fever (Venezuela) • 1989 Barmah Forest Virus (Western Australia) • 1991 Guanarito virus (Venezuela) • 1991 & 1997 Avian Influenza A H5N1 (UK & China) • 1992 Bartonella henselae (cat scratch disease) • 1993 Sin nombre virus (USA) • 1993 & 1995 Avian Influenza A H5N2 (Mexico) • 1994 Hendra Virus (Australia)

• 1994 Sabia virus (Brasil) • 1996 Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (UK) • 1996 Laguna Negra Virus (Paraguay/Bolivia) • 1996 Australian Bat Lyssavirus (Australia) • 1996 Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus (Japan) • 1997 Menangle Virus (Australia) • 1997 H5N1 flu (Hong Kong) • 1998 Nipah Virus (Malaysia) • 1999 Choclo Virus (Panama) • 1999 & 2007 Avian Influenza A (Italy & Netherlands) • 2002 Monkeypox (USA) • 2002 & 2004 Avian Influenza A H7N3 (Chile & Canada) • 2002 & 2007 Avian Influenza H7N2 (USA & UK) • 2003 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome - SARS (China)

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New infectious (zoonotic) disease agent 1976-….

• 1976 Crytosporidium parvum • 1977 Ebola (Congo) • 1977 Hataan virus (Korea) • 1977 Campylobacter jejuni • 1982 E. coli 0157:H7 • 1982 Borrelia burgdorfi (Lyme Disease) • 1983 Human Immuodeficiency Virus (HIV) • 1983 & 1997 Avian Influenza A H5N2 (USA & Italy) • 1984 Escherichia coli O157:H7 (USA) • 1985 Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus (USA/UK) • 1987 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus (USA) • 1988 Hepatitis E • 1989 Ehrlichia chaffeensis • 1989 Venezuelan Hemmorrhagic Fever (Venezuela) • 1989 Barmah Forest Virus (Western Australia) • 1991 Guanarito virus (Venezuela) • 1991 & 1997 Avian Influenza A H5N1 (UK & China) • 1992 Bartonella henselae (cat scratch disease) • 1993 Sin nombre virus (USA) • 1993 & 1995 Avian Influenza A H5N2 (Mexico) • 1994 Hendra Virus (Australia)

• 1994 Sabia virus (Brasil) • 1996 Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (UK) • 1996 Laguna Negra Virus (Paraguay/Bolivia) • 1996 Australian Bat Lyssavirus (Australia) • 1996 Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus (Japan) • 1997 Menangle Virus (Australia) • 1997 H5N1 flu (Hong Kong) • 1998 Nipah Virus (Malaysia) • 1999 Choclo Virus (Panama) • 1999 & 2007 Avian Influenza A (Italy & Netherlands) • 2002 Monkeypox (USA) • 2002 & 2004 Avian Influenza A H7N3 (Chile & Canada) • 2002 & 2007 Avian Influenza H7N2 (USA & UK) • 2003 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome - SARS (China) • 2003 Avian Influenza A H5N1 (China & Vietnam) • 2004 – 2008 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus

aureus CC398 • 2007 & 2008 Avian Influenza A H5N2 (Nigeria) • 2009 Pandemic Influenza virus A H1N1 (Mexico & USA) • 2009-2011 Escherichia coli O104:H4 (STEC O104:H4)

(Georgia & Germany) • 2011 Schmallenberg virus (Germany) zoonotic?

FAO/OIE/WHO Collaborative Framework

Tripartite Position Paper

Ecosystem HealthEcosystem Health

AnimalAnimal Health Health

HumanHuman Health Health

One Health

..

...

Need for new competencies?

Experiential learning

Leadership skills

Multidisciplinary

Communication

Problem solving

Knowledge transfer

• Oral Memorization

• Scripture hand-copy

• Printing press multiplication of documents

Do you remember how you were taught?

What medium/media was used?

well known teaching tool

1970s

Teaching/Presentations

Literature Research

1980s and 1990s

1990 my first laptop (30 MB)

ProMed listserver 1994 Program for Monitoring Emerging Diseases

Animal, Human and Plant Diseases

Aug. 1994 launched with 40 subscribers from 7 countries

Dec . 1994, 200 subscribers, 15 countries

May 1995: Ebola outbreak in Kikwit, DR Congo

July: subscribers 2000

May 1996: subscribers 5000

2009: subscribers over 50,000 in over 180 countries !!

Globalisation and democratisation of information and communication

Knowledge transfer

• Oral Memorization

• Scripture hand-copy

• Printing press

• Photocopy/fax/scanning

• Internet knowledge of entire humanity just a click away

J. Foer. Moonwalking with Einstein.

Need for new competencies

• Problem solving capabilities

• Understanding complexities

• How to deal with uncertaintities?

• Global outlook

• Keeping knowledge & skills up-to-date

• Leadership skills

• Addressing multidisciplinary

• Communication, communication, communication

WebCT 1999

• Student assignment

• Linking students from Utrecht University and University of Florida

• Websites on West Nile Virus

Capacity building and information

exchanges e-conferences and e-consultations

• Interactive CD-Roms

• Long distance courses

2010 +

Webcam and Skype

Virtual classrooms, online-courses and webinars

Social networks, gaming,

virtual reality (SIM outbreak?)

Endless possibilities.....

Simulations and teaching The haptic cow

S. Baillie, RVC

New technologies for disease surveillance

The power of the mobile phone

Mobile phone technology

Digital Pen Technology for surveillance of transboundary animal diseases

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Battery

Memory – 40 A4 Pages

Processor

InfraredCamera

Ink Cartridge and force sensor

Encrypted data transmission – 128 bit

Bluetooth transceiver/USB

The Applications –

Acquiring Laboratory Tests information

using barcode writing/reading technologies:

glews@glews.net glews@glews.net

Simulation exercises (table-top and field) for zoonotic diseases

Enhance emergency preparedness of countries

Strengthen collaboration,

coordination and

cooperation between

different sectors

What travels faster than diseases?

Information can travel faster!

Conclusion

• Veterinary curricula need to respond to the needs of society

• New areas to be addressed (emergency preparedness, fish diseases, leadership, One Health)

• New technologies provide unprecedented opportunities for all Life-long learning

Thank you!

•

katinka.debalogh@fao.org

Fish diseases

Emergency

Preparedness

Early detection

Rapid response

Better Health

systems

Development

Poverty alleviation

Public awareness

Chain approach

Empowered

consumers

Certification

systems

Antibiotic

residues and

antimicrobial

resistance

Disease Form

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