Making available cultural heritage

Implementing Out-of-Commerce works MoU – State of Play

Olav Stokkmo, CEO of IFRRO

14 June 2013 Luxembourg

Provider of reliable information on copyright-led solutions in the text and image based sector

IFRROInternational Federation of Reproduction Rights Organisations

The global network141 members in 78 countries

International Federation of Reproduction Rights Organisations

87 RROs 54 Creator & Publisherbodies

IFRRO Mission• Increase lawful use of

copyright works• Eliminate unauthorized

copying• Promote efficient collec-

tive rights management

Cooperates with• WIPO• UNESCO

• EU• OAPI, ARIPO, LAS

APEC, CERLALC

• CISAC, SAA, etc.• IFLA, EBLIDA

Stakeholder developed Tools

Making Cultural Heritage in copyright available legally

• Identification of rights and rightholders– Diligent search for Rightholders - Guidelines– Works and Rightholder registries - Criteria– ARROW to increase time and cost efficiency

• Licensing– Rights Clearance Centres - Criteria– Model Licenses

• Open Networks/Online accessibility• Secure Networks

http://www.ifrro.org/content/i2010-digital-libraries

Out-of-Commerce & Orphan WorksStakeholder developed tools

Identification and AddressingRightsRightholdersRight statusRight clearanceOut-of-Commerce & In Commerce Works

Orphan Works

Result: Improved availability

Digitising Cultural Heritage legallyOOC MoU: Agreed framework

Out of Commerce Works (OOC)Principles in Stakeholder MoU

1. Selection: Agree on what to make available/digitise

2. Voluntary Collective Licensing; Remuneration

3. Possible inclusion of works of authors and publishers not in the RRO catalogue; Right of withdrawal

4. Libraries observe agreed conditions

5. Cross-border accessibility

OMITOut-of-commerce Mou Implementation Task force

• Purpose

• Involved

• Tasks

Facilitate implementation of MoU

MoU Signatories – and beyond

No limit to number of participants

Criteria for non-signatories to join

1. Identify projects with OOC works

2. Inform

3. Assist provide assistance, when required

1. Selection from the Library collection

Making Cultural Heritage available - Inclusion of Out-of Commerce Works

Selection from Library CollectionStep One: Agree what to include

Works/Materials• Public domain• In copyright

– In commerce– OOC (Majority)– Orphan (some)

Roman Alapage

Examples - OOC• France < 2001• Norway < 2000• Germany < 1966

2. Voluntary collective licensing(the work of RROs)

Making Cultural Heritage available - Inclusion of Out-of Commerce Works

OOC in digitisation projectsVoluntary Collective Licensing

RROs (CMOs) will– Be a representative RRO for rightholders concerned

– Collect mandates from authors and publishers Reproduction Making available

– Ensure opt out options for authors and publishers

– Sign and Monitor the licence

ARROW = appropriate tool to identify / select

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ABDR | Access Copyright | AGECOP | AIDRO| AMCOS | AUTOR | B-COPY| BBDA | BECLA Bonus Presskopia CADRA | CCC| CDR | CEDRO| CeMPro| CFC| CLA| CLASS| CLNZ| CMA| COPIBEC| Copydan Writing| CopyGhana | Copyright Agency | CopyRo – Romania | CopyRus| COSOMA| CWWCS| DALRO| DHK/CWA| DILIA ECCLA| EDISAM| FILCOLS| Fjölís| FJÖLRIT| GCA| HARR| HKRRRLS| ICLA| IPRO| IRRO| JAC| JAMCOPY| JRRC| Kopiken| Kopinor| KOPIOSTO| KOPIPOL| KOPITAN| KORRA| LATGA-A| LIBRIUS| LITA| Literar-Mechana | Luxorr| MASA| NLA| NLI| NSRR| OSDEL|

POLSKA KSIAZKA| ProLitteris| REPROBEL| REPRONIG| SADEL| Sámikopiija | TTRRO| VG Bild-Kunst | VG MUSIKEDITION | VG WORT | VIETRRO| YAYBİR| YRCI| ZANA| ZARRSO| ZIMCOPY

87 RROs in 78 countriesAround the world – on all continents

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The educational publishing ecosystem

Primary market

Secondary market

Exceptions

Valuing copyright allows investmentin creativity, knowledge and culture

exceptions are important; unremunerated exceptions should be limited to instances where primary and secondary markets cannot fulfil a market need efficiently

RRO Collective Administration Contributes to seamless access to © works

• Individual licensing when one to many

• Collective management when many to many; when individual licensing is

– Impossible• Typically Orphan works

– Impracticable or Insufficient• Typically Multiple copying & Out-of-Commerce Works

RROs complement individual administration

Operate on the basis of mandates from; governed jointly by• Authors and Publishers

Writers including translators; Visual artists; Composers

Publishers (Book, journal, newspaper, magazine, music)– Reproduction; Make available; Distribution– Limited by territories

• Legislation

§

• Bilaterals between RROs

RROs Make Copyright Work!

RROs -Reproduction Rights OrganisationsCollective Rights Managers in text & image sector

• Sources • Analogue; Electronic carriers; On-line; Internet downloads• Secondary uses of already published works

• Limited extracts• 5-15%; chapter; article• Personal and Internal use

• Applications and useso Photocopy o Scan

o EmailoPPT

o Printout o Whiteboardo Intranet oView

o Virtual Learning Environmento Document delivery

o Store o Content licensing

Content RRO licences

RRO mandates requiredfor large scale digitisation projects

• Reproduction– RROs generally have mandates

• Photocopying• Scanning

• Make available– Most RROs have

Specific mandates required for library digitisation projects

3. Inclusion of works of non-mandating R/H (Current experiences from three alternative techniques)

Making Cultural Heritage available - Inclusion of Out-of Commerce Works

Authors & PublishersNot in RRO catalogue

User(Library)

Voluntary Collective Licensing Agreement

RRO

MandatingAuthors

Collective LicensingInclusion of works not in RRO catalogue

MandatingPublishers

Works may be withdrawn

• Legal Presumption• Extended Coll. Licence• Compulsory Collective

Management

Contract National Library – RRO (Kopinor)– Mandate from authors and publishers– Extended Collective Licence

• Digitise and make available 250,000 books– Published before 2000– Includes orphan works and out of commerce works– Fee per page made available to public per year

• User access– Registered library users– Norwegian IP addresses– View; No download, print-out or copying– Purchase opportunities

http://www.arrow-net.eu/news/rightsholders-and-national-library-norway-agreed-digital-library-project.htmlhttp://www.arrow-net.eu/news/bookshelf-project-contract.html

Library Digitising Project“Bookshelf” (Norway)

FRANCE• Out-of-Commerce Books published in France < 2001• Compulsory Collective Management by RRO

– Right of withdrawal

GERMANY• Out-of-Commerce Books published in Germany < 1966• Licensing by RROs (VG Wort and VG Bildkunst)

– Legal Presumption– Right of withdrawal

Library Digitising project Some examples

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4. Observe licensing conditions(include, exclude)

Making Cultural Heritage available - Inclusion of Out-of Commerce Works

ARROWTool to facilitate rights identification

• Observe agreed conditions• Include works, authors, publishers covered by agreement

– Ex. OCW; OCW published before …;works not withdrawn, etc.

• ARROW : tool to identify works to be included/excluded– Works in or out of commerce– Works to be withdrawn– Authors and publishers to be withdrawn– Available in 14 countries & IFRRO Standard Software for RROs

5. Cross-border availability

Making Cultural Heritage available - Inclusion of Out-of Commerce Works

EC to propose solutionRequires

}

Mandates

For Not in catalogue &

Orphan • Mechanisms

• Agreements• Legislation• Mutual recognition• Other?

OOC in digitisation projectsCross-border availability

Based on Agreements?

}

Pilots • Discussed in Nordic countries• Swedish NL initiative

OOC in digitisation projectsCross-border availability

OOC Mou Implementation Task Force

Inclusion of Out-of-Commerce Works in digitisation projects

OMITOut-of-commerce Mou Implementation Task force

Task1 OOC Projects

Task 2: Information

Task 3: Assistance

Id through stakeholder bodies & Europeana & EC

Few projects Lack of funding

2 page intro Through relevant EU bodies

Resource pool, f.ex. http://www.ifrro.org/content/mou-resource-pool)

In Conclusion

OOC MoU implementationMain obstacle: Funding

1. Principles

2. RRO mandates

3. Inclusion of outliers

4. Id facilitator

5. Projects which include

Out-of-Commerce works

6. Cross border

Applicable across sectors Yes or obtainable In some, not all countries Exists: ARROW Few projects

Main obstacle: FundingEC funding limited to

infrastructure

Agreements being exploredEC to propose solution

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Thank you!

Olav.Stokkmo@ifrro.org

www.ifrro.org