Post on 07-Aug-2015
Oil & G P d ti F iliti &Oil & G P d ti F iliti &Oil & Gas Production Facilities & Oil & Gas Production Facilities & FPSOFPSO
InGu LeeInGu Lee
ContentsContentsContentsContentsContents Contents Contents Contents Offshore Field Development AreaList of Oil Exploration & Production CompaniesList of Oil Exploration & Production CompaniesReview on Global Field Development CAPEXOutlook on Global Offshore Facilities DevelopmentDrilling Process
Exploration & Drilling rigDrillingDrilling
Introducing Offshore FacilitiesFPSO Process
S bSubseaTopsidesHull
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Offshore Field Development AreaOffshore Field Development AreaOffshore Field Development AreaOffshore Field Development AreaOffshore Field Development AreaOffshore Field Development AreaOffshore Field Development AreaOffshore Field Development AreaMain offshore field
– North Sea, the Gulf of Mexico, the Campos and Santos Basins off the coasts of B il N f dl d d N S i l fi ld ff W Af i blBrazil, Newfoundland and Nova Scotia, several fields off West Africa most notably west of Nigeria and Angola, as well as offshore fields in South East Asia and Sakhalin, Russia
Arctic
RedevelopmentHeavy oil
Arctic
Conventional &Conventional &Gas value chain
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List of Oil Exploration and Production List of Oil Exploration and Production CompaniesCompaniesList of Oil Exploration and Production List of Oil Exploration and Production CompaniesCompaniesCompaniesCompaniesCompaniesCompanies
Africa Americas
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List of Oil Exploration and Production List of Oil Exploration and Production Companies(Continued )Companies(Continued )List of Oil Exploration and Production List of Oil Exploration and Production Companies(Continued )Companies(Continued )Companies(Continued…)Companies(Continued…)Companies(Continued…)Companies(Continued…)
Asia Australia & Oceania
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List of Oil Exploration and Production List of Oil Exploration and Production Companies(Continued )Companies(Continued )List of Oil Exploration and Production List of Oil Exploration and Production Companies(Continued )Companies(Continued )Companies(Continued…)Companies(Continued…)Companies(Continued…)Companies(Continued…)
Europe
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Review on Global Field Development Review on Global Field Development CAPEXCAPEXReview on Global Field Development Review on Global Field Development CAPEXCAPEXCAPEXCAPEXCAPEXCAPEX
Field development capex offshore 2008-2011
20 000
25 000
(USD million)
15 000
20 000Onshore(OffshoreTechnology)Eng & Mmt
5 000
10 000
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Floatingplatforms
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CAPEX i 33 billi $7
CAPEX is approx. 33 billion $ per year
Outlook on Global Offshore Facilities Outlook on Global Offshore Facilities DevelopmentDevelopmentOutlook on Global Offshore Facilities Outlook on Global Offshore Facilities DevelopmentDevelopment
I t ll d b f Fl ti d ti
Development Development Development Development
400
450 SemisTLPSpar
Installed base of Floating production
250
300
350SparFPSO
150
200
250
50
100
0Installed base
1987Installed base
1997Installed base
2007Under
constructionBidding phase Long term Total 2015
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Exploration & Drilling RigExploration & Drilling RigExploration & Drilling RigExploration & Drilling RigDrill-siteSelection
Geological evidence indicating the possible accumulation of petroleumpossible accumulation of petroleum
Drill-sitePreparation
Rigging up
Spudding in
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DrillingDrillingDrillingDrillingDrilling
surface hole
Initial DrillingSurface casing installation to prevent fresh
water zones and support the production casingsu ace o e water zones and support the production casingCementedBOP(Blowout Preventer) installation
R l t f d illi bitDrilling tototal depth
Replacement of drilling bitDrill-stem testing
- During drilling porous rock- Testing of Oil & Gas formation
Well logging
Removal of drill stringInsert logging tools
- Electrical logWell logging Electrical log- Radioactivity log- Sonic log
D h l t b t d b k t
Completing well
Dry hole to be cemented back to the original condition
Producer to be with production casing
Fill ith d illi fl id
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- Fill with drilling fluid- Insert production casing- Christmas tree
Introducing Offshore FacilitiesIntroducing Offshore FacilitiesIntroducing Offshore FacilitiesIntroducing Offshore FacilitiesIntroducing Offshore FacilitiesIntroducing Offshore FacilitiesIntroducing Offshore FacilitiesIntroducing Offshore FacilitiesStarted in the fresh waters of the Grand Lake St. Marys(Ohio) in 1891Facilities to drill wells and extract and process oil and natural gas andFacilities to drill wells and extract and process oil and natural gas and export the products to shoreTypes and design rely on the area environment of operation so the project specificationproject specification
1, 2) conventional fixed platforms; 3) compliant tower; 4, 5) vertically moored tension leg and mini-tension leg platform; 6) Spar ; 7,8) Semi-submersibles ; 9) Floating production, storage, and offloading facility; 10) sub sea completion and tie back to host facility
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offloading facility; 10) sub-sea completion and tie-back to host facility.
Introducing Offshore FacilitiesIntroducing Offshore Facilities(Continued )(Continued )(Continued…)(Continued…)
Fixed Platforms- Water depth up to about 520 m- Concrete or steel leg anchored
Compliant Platforms(Fixed Type)- Water depths ranging from 460 to 910 m
Designed to sustain significant lateral deflections and forces- Designed to sustain significant lateral deflections and forcesTLPs(Tension Leg Platforms)
- Water depths ranging from 300 to 1,500 mDesigned to eliminate vertical motion of the platform- Designed to eliminate vertical motion of the platform
- Permanently moored by means of tendonsSpar Platforms
- A large-diameter, single vertical cylinder supporting a deckg , g y pp g- About 90% of the structure is underwater and more stable than TLP- Water depth ranging up to 3,000 m
Semi-submersible Platforms- Can be moved from place to place and can be FPSO- Water depths ranging from 60 to 3,000 m- Dynamic Positioning
FPSO(Floating Production Storage and12
FPSO(Floating Production, Storage andOffloading)
Floating Production, Storage Floating Production, Storage and Offloadingand Offloadingand Offloadingand Offloading
Subsea Process(Oil reservoir)- Wellhead
Christmas tree(Tree Oil well)- Christmas tree(Tree, Oil well)- Subsea pipeline, Manifold and etc
Top side process(Oil production)- Modular design basis
A f ilit hi h f i f d ti- A facility which performs processing of production fluids(a mixture of sand, oil, gas and produced water) from oil wells in order to separate out key components(Oil & Gas)
- Separators(Gravity separate; sand, water, oil and gas)Oil t t t(C l )- Oil treatment(Coalescer)
- Water treatment(Hydrocyclone)- Gas treatment(Associated gas(Wet gas) to scrubbers,
Compressors and coolers to make Dry gas through TEG Regeneration
- Fuel gas sweetening system(Amine plant)- Gas export(Re-injecting or Fueling or Exporting)- Offloading and etc.
Hull side process(Oil storage/Ship Stability)p ( g p y)- Hull Structure- Loading process- Cargo Tanks including wash tanks and continuous
settling tanks
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- Production tanks/Slop tanks- Ballast tanks- COW and etc.
Subsea Process(Oil Reservoir)Subsea Process(Oil Reservoir)Subsea Process(Oil Reservoir)Subsea Process(Oil Reservoir)Wellhead
- The component at the surface of an oil or gas well that provides the structural and pressure-containing interface for the drilling and production equipmentp g g p q p
- To provide the suspension point and pressure seals for the casing strings that run from the bottom of the hole sections to the surface pressure control equipment
- BOP(Blowout Preventer) to prevent pressure exposure to outside while drilling- Surface wellhead such as Well Head Tower or Subsea wellhead
Christmas tree(Tree, Oil well)- Installed on the top of wellhead for production- Includes isolation valves and chock equipment to control the flow of well fluids- Surface tree or Subsea tree
Manifold pipeline system(MPS)- Direct the flow into several production flowline headers inclusive of pigging loops,
flow meters and control systems
Tie-in and subsea flow-linese a d subsea o esControl and data acquisition
- Umbilicals- HPU(Hydraulic Power Unit)
SPC(Subsea Production Control)- SPC(Subsea Production Control)- SPCU(Subsea Power and Communication Unit)- PLC- Etc.
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Well Reserviors Production & Injection
Typical Subsea ArchitectureTypical Subsea ArchitectureTypical Subsea ArchitectureTypical Subsea Architecture
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Subsea Control SystemSubsea Control System -- IntegrationIntegrationSubsea Control System Subsea Control System -- IntegrationIntegrationMaster Control Station
Electrical Power Unit
Hydraulic Power Unit
Chemical Injection UnitStation
MCSer Unit
EPSer Unit
HPUtion Unit
CIU
Platform Junction BoxSubsea Communications
Umbilical
Platform Junction BoxGateway (SG)
Subsea
Topside
EPIC OEM
Subsea Control Module
Subsea distribution unitSubsea Communications Gateway (SG)
Proprietary
Subsea Electronic Module
SEM
SCMTree
Pressure, Temp, Choke position etc SEMChoke position, etc
Hydraulic Power
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y
Topside(Overall)Topside(Overall)Topside(Overall)Topside(Overall)
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Topside(Overall: Continued )Topside(Overall: Continued )Topside(Overall: Continued…)Topside(Overall: Continued…)
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Production Riser DetailsProduction Riser DetailsProduction Riser DetailsProduction Riser Details
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Topside(Slug Catcher & Separator)Topside(Slug Catcher & Separator)Topside(Slug Catcher & Separator)Topside(Slug Catcher & Separator)Slug Catcher
- Slugging can be caused by gravity difference, flow-rate diff d i li h i ht diff i lti l hdifference and pipeline height difference in multiple phase, especially vapor and liquid.
- Pig Launcher/Receiver- A vessel with sufficient buffer volume to store/drain the
largest slugs.
Multi-phase Separator - A large drum designed to separate production fluids into their
constituent components of oil, gas and water.- The three components have different densities, which allows
them to stratify when moving slowly with gas on top waterthem to stratify when moving slowly with gas on top, water on the bottom and oil in the middle.
- Any solids such as sand will also settle in the bottom of the separator.
- HP/LP/Test separators or 1st/2nd separator
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Separator DetailsSeparator DetailsSeparator DetailsSeparator Details
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Topside(Gas)Topside(Gas)Topside(Gas)Topside(Gas)Vapor-Liquid Separator
- Called flash drum, knock-out drum, knock-out pot, compressor suction d d i l t ddrum and compressor inlet drum
- Called demister when used to remove suspended water droplets from streams of air
- Consists of Inlet diffuser/Mesh pad/Level control
LP CompressorsLP Compressors- Parallel & serial centrifugal compressors driven by Gas or Steam Turbine
OR Motor- Anti-surge/loading sharing/master performance control(CCC series)- Handle associated/wet gas in separators and stabilize Header pressure g p p
of HP or Injection Compressors
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Topside(Gas: LP Compressor Details)Topside(Gas: LP Compressor Details)Topside(Gas: LP Compressor Details)Topside(Gas: LP Compressor Details)
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Topside(Gas)Topside(Gas)HP or Injection Compressors
- This is most dynamic and important k i ff h d FPSO
Topside(Gas)Topside(Gas)
package in offshore and FPSO- GIC(Gas Injection Compressor) is the
biggest vendor package- HP Compressors has only purpose of
ti d t th t i l/fl t kexporting dry gas to the terminal/flare stack- Injection compressor has both purposes of
exporting dry gas to the terminal/flare stack as well as subsea wellParallel & serial centrifugal compressors- Parallel & serial centrifugal compressors driven by Gas or Steam Turbine or Motor
- Anti-surge/loading sharing/master performance control(CCC series)Glycol dehydration between compressors- Glycol dehydration between compressors to convert wet/associated gas to dry gas
Other Process Units- VRU(Vapor Recovery Unit)- OHC(Over Head Compressor)- Amine Plant for FG sweetening
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HP or Injection Compressor train DetailsHP or Injection Compressor train DetailsHP or Injection Compressor train DetailsHP or Injection Compressor train Details
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Topside(Gas Overall w/ GlycolTopside(Gas Overall w/ Glycol DehydDehyd ))Topside(Gas Overall w/ Glycol Topside(Gas Overall w/ Glycol DehydDehyd.).)
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Topside(TEGTopside(TEG RegenRegen., Glycol Dehydration)., Glycol Dehydration)Topside(TEG Topside(TEG RegenRegen., Glycol Dehydration)., Glycol Dehydration)
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Topside(Oil)Topside(Oil)Topside(Oil)Topside(Oil)HP
Separators or
LPSeparatorsor
1st Separatorsor
Test Separators
Separators or
2nd Separators
Stabilizers Cargo TKs
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Topside(Conceptual Seawater Treatment)Topside(Conceptual Seawater Treatment)Topside(Conceptual Seawater Treatment)Topside(Conceptual Seawater Treatment)
HPSeparators
or 1st Separators
VRU GIC
orTest Separators
Flotation Unit Process TKs Cargo TKs
LPSeparators
or 2nd Separators Seawater Lift
(Filters Minox)Seawater
Injection Pumps(Filters, Minox) Injection PumpsSand
Seawater
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Topside(Seawater Treatment Schematic 1)Topside(Seawater Treatment Schematic 1)Topside(Seawater Treatment Schematic 1)Topside(Seawater Treatment Schematic 1)
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Topside(Topside(HydrocycloneHydrocyclone –– Flotation Units)Flotation Units)Topside(Topside(HydrocycloneHydrocyclone –– Flotation Units)Flotation Units)
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Topside(Seawater Treatment Schematic 2)Topside(Seawater Treatment Schematic 2)Topside(Seawater Treatment Schematic 2)Topside(Seawater Treatment Schematic 2)
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Hull side(Overall)Hull side(Overall)Hull side(Overall)Hull side(Overall)
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HullsideHullside (Cargo Loading)(Cargo Loading)HullsideHullside (Cargo Loading)(Cargo Loading)
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HullsideHullside(Cargo Offloading)(Cargo Offloading)HullsideHullside(Cargo Offloading)(Cargo Offloading)
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HullsideHullside(Ballast Tanks)(Ballast Tanks)HullsideHullside(Ballast Tanks)(Ballast Tanks)
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HullsideHullside Process(Cargo Offloading)Process(Cargo Offloading)HullsideHullside Process(Cargo Offloading)Process(Cargo Offloading)
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HullsideHullside((COW:CrudeCOW:Crude Oil Washing)Oil Washing)HullsideHullside((COW:CrudeCOW:Crude Oil Washing)Oil Washing)
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Floating LNG(To be continued???)Floating LNG(To be continued???)
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Floating LNG(To be continued???)Floating LNG(To be continued???)C3/MR Simplified Process Cascade Simplified Process
APX Simplified Process Shell DMR Simplified Process
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