Post on 07-May-2015
ObesityObesity
HealthHealth
Ms. EngelMs. Engel
What is obesity?What is obesity?
BMI=Body Mass BMI=Body Mass indexindex
Is a measure of body Is a measure of body fat based on fat based on height/weightheight/weight
Calculate BMICalculate BMI Weight/height squared Weight/height squared
(in x in) x 704.5=BMI(in x in) x 704.5=BMI Example: Example:
(125lbs/65x65) x (125lbs/65x65) x 704.5=20.8704.5=20.8
BMIBMI
Interpretation:Interpretation: under 18.5 = underweightunder 18.5 = underweight 18.5-24 = normal weight18.5-24 = normal weight 25-30 = overweight25-30 = overweight over 30 = obeseover 30 = obese
Who is obese?Who is obese?
World-highest rates World-highest rates in North America & in North America & Western EuropeWestern Europe
Diet high in animal Diet high in animal products & products & processed foodsprocessed foods
Wealthy and food Wealthy and food is plentifulis plentiful
Sedentary lifestyleSedentary lifestyle UrbanUrban
Obesity in the USObesity in the US
USA-55% of adults USA-55% of adults overweight & 22% overweight & 22% obese=97 million obese=97 million overweight/obeseoverweight/obese
30 diseases & 30 diseases & disorders disorders associated w/ associated w/ obesityobesity
Straining the Straining the health care systemhealth care system
Obesity by GenderObesity by Gender
% of male and % of male and female about equal female about equal w/ women being w/ women being slightly higherslightly higher
Men are getting Men are getting heavier at a faster heavier at a faster rate than women rate than women thoughthough
Obesity by Age, Race & Education Obesity by Age, Race & Education LevelLevel
AgeAge-most obese=50-59, next 40--most obese=50-59, next 40-49/60-69, next 30-39 & then 18-2949/60-69, next 30-39 & then 18-29 Group that is getting heaviest, Group that is getting heaviest,
fastest=18-29fastest=18-29 RacialRacial groups from most to least groups from most to least
obese=Black, Hispanic, Native Am, obese=Black, Hispanic, Native Am, White then AsianWhite then Asian
EducationEducation=not completed HS highest =not completed HS highest with advanced college degree least with advanced college degree least
Obesity by Geographic AreaObesity by Geographic Area
States w/ highest levels=W. Virginia, States w/ highest levels=W. Virginia, Mississippi, Alabama, Alaska, Mississippi, Alabama, Alaska, Michigan, S. Carolina and FloridaMichigan, S. Carolina and Florida
20% of population obese20% of population obese States w/ lowest=Arizona, Mass, States w/ lowest=Arizona, Mass,
Colorado, Vermont, New Hampshire, Colorado, Vermont, New Hampshire, Montana & New MexicoMontana & New Mexico
Why?Why?
Obese ChildrenObese Children
1 in 5 children 1 in 5 children overweightoverweight
# of overweight # of overweight children ages 6-17 children ages 6-17 doubled in past 3 doubled in past 3 decadesdecades
Patterns of obesity Patterns of obesity for race, gender, for race, gender, geographical area, geographical area, etc.=same for etc.=same for childrenchildren
Health Problems Associated w/ Health Problems Associated w/ ObesityObesity
ArthritisArthritis Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)Hypertension (High Blood Pressure) Impaired Immune ResponseImpaired Immune Response Birth DefectsBirth Defects Impaired Respiratory FunctionImpaired Respiratory Function CancersCancers InfectionsInfections Cardiovascular DiseaseCardiovascular Disease InfertilityInfertility Carpal Tunnel SyndromeCarpal Tunnel Syndrome Liver DiseaseLiver Disease Chronic Venous InsufficiencyChronic Venous Insufficiency Low Back PainLow Back Pain Daytime SleepinessDaytime Sleepiness Obstetric/Gynecological ComplicationsObstetric/Gynecological Complications Deep Vein Thrombosis Deep Vein Thrombosis PainPain End Stage Renal Disease End Stage Renal Disease
Kidneys) Gallbladder DiseaseKidneys) Gallbladder Disease DiabetesDiabetes PancreatitisPancreatitis GoutGout Heat DisordersHeat Disorders Urinary Stress IncontinenceUrinary Stress Incontinence Sleep ApneaSleep Apnea Surgical Complications Surgical Complications StrokeStroke OtherOther
Causes of ObesityCauses of Obesity
Genetics-some Genetics-some populations are populations are predisposed to predisposed to store fatstore fat
Altered diet=fast Altered diet=fast food, microwave, food, microwave, soda, snack foods, soda, snack foods, increase in portionsincrease in portions
Causes cont.Causes cont.
Decrease in Decrease in physical activity=physical activity= Fewer PE classesFewer PE classes Unsafe Unsafe
neighborhoodsneighborhoods Community Community
structurestructure MaterialismMaterialism
Causes cont.Causes cont.
Increase Increase inactivity=inactivity= Sedentary jobsSedentary jobs CarsCars Labor saving Labor saving
devicesdevices Elevators, Elevators,
escalators & escalators & automatic doorsautomatic doors
TV, Nintendo, video TV, Nintendo, video games, DVD, etc…games, DVD, etc…
Treatment for ObesityTreatment for Obesity
Goal settingGoal setting Dietary TherapyDietary Therapy Physical ActivityPhysical Activity Behavior TherapyBehavior Therapy Drug TherapyDrug Therapy Combined TherapyCombined Therapy SurgerySurgery
Prevention for YouPrevention for You Eat 5 or more servings Eat 5 or more servings
of fruits & vegetables of fruits & vegetables a daya day
Drink fewer caloriesDrink fewer calories Limit fast food intakeLimit fast food intake Don’t eat in front of Don’t eat in front of
the TVthe TV Be active in your free Be active in your free
timetime Take the stairsTake the stairs Walk, run, ride your Walk, run, ride your
bike when you canbike when you can
Prevention for Your Family & YouPrevention for Your Family & You
Plan healthy meals Plan healthy meals that you must cookthat you must cook
Eat out less oftenEat out less often Help w/ grocery Help w/ grocery
shopping for natural, shopping for natural, unprocessed foodsunprocessed foods
Turn off the TV-play Turn off the TV-play games, go for a walkgames, go for a walk
Be activeBe active
Prevention at SchoolPrevention at School
Take a PE classTake a PE class Don’t drink sodaDon’t drink soda Pack healthy Pack healthy
lunches & snackslunches & snacks Join a sports teamJoin a sports team Walk, ride your Walk, ride your
bike to schoolbike to school
In Your Community and CountryIn Your Community and Country
Walk whenever you Walk whenever you cancan
Make healthy Make healthy choiceschoices
Vote for officials Vote for officials that encourage the that encourage the development of development of parks, education, parks, education, health care, etc…health care, etc…
Obesity DiscriminationObesity Discrimination
Obese people:Obese people: Have a lower marriage Have a lower marriage
rate Are hired for jobs rate Are hired for jobs less often… less often…
Are promoted in their Are promoted in their jobs less often…jobs less often…
Are admitted to college Are admitted to college at a lower rate…at a lower rate…
Have fewer childhood Have fewer childhood playmates…playmates…
……than normal weight than normal weight peoplepeople