WESTWARD MIGRATIONSSUSH6 The student will analyze the nature of

territorial and population growth and the impact of this growth in the early decades of

the new nation. a. Explain the Northwest Ordinance’s importance in the westward migration of

Americans, and on slavery, public education, and the addition of new states.

b. Describe Jefferson’s diplomacy in obtaining the Louisiana Purchase from France and the territory’s exploration by Lewis and Clark.

Northwest Ordinance • The ordinance was

passed under the Articles of Confederation as a means of raising money for the new government

• It set up an orderly way of settling the new territory by dividing the area into townships

Northwest Ordinance• The Northwest Ordinance:

1-guaranteed freedom of religion, property, and trial by jury.

2-forbad slavery, beginning the division between northern and southern states

3-set aside land for the support of public education

4-set up rules for how territories could become states

What ordinances were passed to entice

settlers to move into the new territory?

Education, Slavery, New States

• Education: Schools were seen as a place to instill “American Values.” Many states guaranteed public education in their state constitutions.

• Noah Webster: created 1st US Dictionary• Slavery: Not allowed. Many free

blacks move to Ohio River.• New States Created out of North

West Ordinance: Ohio, Illinois, Michigan, Indiana, Wisconsin

Objective: To examine the causes and effects of the Louisiana Purchase.

Do Now: Why is Toussaint

L’Ouverture considered to be a hero in Haiti? (p. 272)

The Haitian Revolution

• In 1801, Toussaint L'Ouverture led black slaves in a revolt in Haiti against the French, killing 35,000 French soldiers.

Video: (6:35)

Freeing Haiti (Segment from Africans in America: Brotherly Love: 1791–1831)

• Haiti became an independent nation in 1804.

The Louisiana Purchase

• France was on the brink of war with Great Britain and needed money.

• Therefore, the French leader, Napoleon, sold all of Louisiana to the U.S. for $15 million in 1803.

* The Louisiana Purchase doubled the size of the U.S.!

Lewis and Clark

• Lewis and Clark were sent to find an all water route across the continent.

(left) William Clark and (right) Meriwether Lewis

• The party consisted of 33 people and Lewis’ dog.

http://www.nationalgeographic.com/xpeditions/activities/images/MAP2LCRouteandLand.jpg

Sacagawea, a Shoshone woman, served as their guide and interpreter.

Lewis and Clark’s Corps of Expedition: A Partial Supply List

Mathematical Instruments:• surveyor’s compass • hand compass • telescope • chronometer (needed to calculate longitude)

Clothing:• 45 flannel shirts • coats • shoes • woolen pants • blankets • knapsacks • stockings

Camp Supplies:• 150 yards of cloth to be oiled and sewn into tents and sheets• 30 steels for striking to make fire • handsaws • hatchets • whetstones • iron corn mill • mosquito curtains • 10 1/2 pounds of fishing hooks and fishing lines • 12 pounds of soap • 193 pounds of "portable soup" (a thick paste concocted by

boiling down beef, eggs and vegetables) • three bushels of salt • writing paper, ink and crayons

Lewis and Clark’s Corps of Expedition: A Partial Supply List

Arms and Ammunition:• 15 prototype Model 1803 muzzle-loading .54 caliber rifles • knives • 500 rifle flints • 420 pounds of sheet lead for bullets • 176 pounds of gunpowder packed in 52 lead canisters • 1 long-barreled rifle that fired its bullet with compressed air,

rather than by flint, spark and powder

Lewis and Clark’s Corps of Expedition: A Partial Supply List

Medicine and Medical Supplies:• 50 dozen Dr. Rush’s patented "Rush’s pills" • lancets • forceps • syringes • tourniquets • 1,300 doses of physic • 1,100 hundred doses of emetic • 3,500 doses of diaphoretic (sweat inducer) • other drugs for blistering, salivation and increased kidney

output

Lewis and Clark’s Corps of Expedition: A Partial Supply List

Traveling Library:• Barton’s Elements of Botany • Antoine Simon Le Page du Pratz’s History of Louisiana • Richard Kirwan’s Elements of Mineralogy • A Practical Introduction to Spherics and Nautical Astronomy • The Nautical Almanac and Astronomical Ephemeris • a four-volume dictionary • a two-volume edition of Linnaeus (the founder of the Latin

classification of plants) • tables for finding longitude and latitude • map of the Great Bend of the Missouri River

Lewis and Clark’s Corps of Expedition: A Partial Supply List

Presents for Indian Tribes Encountered:• 12 Dozen pocket mirrors • 4,600 Sewing needles • 144 Small scissors • 10 Pounds (4.5 kilograms) of sewing thread • Silk ribbons• Ivory combs • Handkerchiefs • Yards of bright-colored cloth • 130 Rolls of tobacco • Tomahawks that doubled as pipes • 288 Knives • 20 Pounds (9 kilograms) of assorted beads, mostly blue• 5 Pounds (2 kilograms) of small, white, glass beads

Lewis and Clark’s Corps of Expedition: A Partial Supply List

Concluding Video (2:27)

• Lewis and Clark did not find an all water route across the continent.

• However, they:

- learned a lot about the land and

- started friendly relations with Native American tribes.

Lewis and Clark keelboat

Keelboat

• 55 feet long• Used poles or ropes to move it against the

current• Weighed 12,000 pounds• Carried 13,000 pounds of supplies• Had a swivel gun mounted on the front of

the boat which was never used

Fort Mandan

Bitterroot Mountains

Shoshone

Nez Pearce

Missouri River, Great Falls

Missouri River, Great Falls

Five Falls

Corp of Discovery on the lower Columbia River

Columbia River

Columbia River

Mouth of the Columbia River

Fort Clatsop

Fort Clatsop - Bunks

Fort Clatsop - Kitchen

Cascade Mountains