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LWW.com
Copyright c Shan Ferrari
The only way to do great work is to love
what you do. If you havent found it
yet, keep looking. Dont settle. As with
all matters of the heart, youll know
when you find it.
Terence Shane Acod, BSN 2
N
O
R
M
A
L
VALUESVALUESVALUES
NORMAL
VALUES Compilation of nurses basic knowledge
Terence Shane Acod
Nursing Students
BSU-College of nursing
La Trinidad Benguet
RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL
Shan Ferrari Publishers, Inc.
ii
OLDEST
Adolescent
Because there are so many more op-
portunities in adolescence than childhood,
teens sometimes become overwhelmed and
may have difficulty making decisions. As they
mature and gain confidence and experience,
their decision making abilities will improve.
15
OLDEST
Adolescent
I m a g i -
nary Audience-
Adolescents be-
lieve that they
are the focus of
everyone's atten-
tion. As a result,
they become extremely self-conscious and
easy to embarrass, very concerned about what
others think, and are particularly sensitive to
criticism.
Personal Fable-Because adolescents
believe that everyone is focused on them, they
develop an inflated opinion of themselves.
They begin to feel as if they are special and
unique. Therefore, no one can possibly under-
stand the difficulties they are going through.
Adolescents also have a false sense of
invulnerability that contributes to risk-taking
behaviors. They may know that certain activi-
ties are dangerous, but they do not think that
the consequences of these behaviors could
happen to them.
Growth spurt:
Girls: 11-14 yrs.
Boys: 13-17 yrs.
Puberty:
Girls: 11-14 yrs.
Boys: 12-15 yrs.
14
Dedicated to that
most capricious
provokingly incorruptible
and
absolutely necessary
person
the gentle reader
Terence Shane Acod
Nursing Students
BSU-College of nursing
La Trinidad Benguet
iii
CONTENTS February 2014
Volume I Number I
NORMAL
VALUES Compilation of nurses basic knowledge
05 Neonate
10 Older
13 Oldest
Two Months
Nine Months
School Age
Adolescent
iv
OLDEST
Adolescent
Think hypothetically:
calculate consequences
of thoughts and actions
without experiencing
them; consider a number
of possibilities and plan
behavior accordingly
Think logically: identify
and reject hypotheses or
possible outcomes based
on logic
Think hypothetically, abstractly, logically
Think about thought: leads to introspection and self-
analysis Insight, perspective taking: understand and
consider others perspectives, and perspectives of
social systems
Systematic problem solving: can attack a problem,
consider multiple solutions, plan a course of action
13
Rules relied upon to guide behavior and play,
and provide child with structure and security
5-6 yrs.: believe rules can be changed
7-8 yrs.: strict adherence to rules
9-10 yrs.: rules can be negotiated
Begin understanding social roles; regards them
as inflexible; can adapt behavior to fit different
situations; practices social roles
Takes on more responsibilities at home
Less fantasy play, more team sports, board
games
School age
OLDER 12
Neonate
Older
Oldest
NEONATE
Albumin= 3.2-5 g/dl
BUN= 7-20 mg/dl
Hemoglobin (g/dl)= 13.5-16.5
(male)
= 12.0-15.0 (female)
Hematocrit (%)= 41-50 (male)
= 36-44 (female)
RBC (x 16/ ml)= 4.5-5.5 (male)
= 4.0-4.9 (female)
Platelet count= 100,000-450,000
WBC (cells/ml)= 4500-10,000
A baby will make love stronger, days shorter,
nights longer, bank balance smaller, home happier, clothes dirty, the past forgotten, and the future
worth living for.
NOTES:
05
Electrolytes
Calcium= 8.8-10-3 mg/dl
Calcium, ionized= 2.24-2.46
meq/L
Chloride= 95-107 meq/ L
Magnesium= 1.62.4 meq/L
Phosphate= 2.5-4.5 meq/L
Potassium= 3.5-5.2 meq/L
Sodium= 135-147 meq/L
RR: 30-60
PR: 120-160
PR RR Systolic
BP
Diastolic
BP
1 year 80-160 20-40 65-115 42-80
3 years 80-120 20-30 76-122 46-84
6 years 70-115 16-22 85-115 48-64
10 years 70-110 16-20 93-125 46-68
14 years 60-110 14-20 99-137 51-71
NEONATE 06
Concrete opera-
tions:
Accurate perception of
events; rational, logical
thought; concrete think-
ing; reflect upon self and
attributes;
Understands concepts
of space, time, dimen-
sion
Can remember events
from months, or years
earlier
More effective coping
skills
Understands how his
behavior affects others
Friendships are situa-
tion specific
Understands concepts
of right and wrong
School age
OLDER
10-12 yrs.: puberty be-
gins for some children
6-9 yrs.: have questions
about pregnancy, inter-
course, sexual wearing,
look for nude pictures in
books, magazines
10-12 yrs.: games with
peeing, sexual activity
(e.g., strip poker, truth/
dare, boy-girl relation-
ships, flirting, some kiss-
ing, stroking/rubbing, re
-enacting intercourse
with clothes on)
11
School age
OLDER
Physical Cogni-
tive Social
Slow, s teady
growth: 3 -4
inches per year
Motor & perceptual skills better integrated
Use language as a communication tool
Perspective taking:
5-8 years: can recognize others perspectives,
cant assume the role of the other .
810 yrs.: recognize difference between behavior
and intent; age
10-11 yrs.: can accurately recognize and consider
others viewpoints
NOTES:
10 NEONATE
Two Months
Social and Emotional
Begins to smile at people
Can briefly calm himself (may bring hands to
mouth and suck on
hand)
Tries to look at parent
Language/Communication
Coos, makes gurgling sounds
Turns head toward sounds
Cognitive (learning, thinking, problem-solving)
Pays attention to faces
Begins to follow things with eyes and recognize people at a distance
Begins to act bored (cries, fussy) if activity doesnt change
Movement/Physical Development
Can hold head up and begins to push up when lying on tummy
Makes smoother movements with arms and legs
07
Nine Months
NEONATE
Social and Emotional
May be afraid of strangers
May be clingy with famil-iar adults
Has favorite toys
Language/Communication
Understands no
Makes a lot of different sounds like mamamama and bababababa
Copies sounds and gestures of others
Uses fingers to point at things
08
Cognitive (learning, think-ing, problem-solving)
Watches the path of something as it falls
Looks for things he sees you hide
Plays peek-a-boo
Puts things in her mouth
Moves things smoothly from
one hand to the
other
Picks up things like ce-
real os be-
tween thumb
and index fin-
ger
Movement/Physical Devel-opment
Stands, holding on
Can get into sitting position
Sits without support
Pulls to stand
Crawls
Nine Months
NEONATE
09