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The only way to do great work is to love

what you do. If you havent found it

yet, keep looking. Dont settle. As with

all matters of the heart, youll know

when you find it.

Terence Shane Acod, BSN 2

N

O

R

M

A

L

VALUESVALUESVALUES

NORMAL

VALUES Compilation of nurses basic knowledge

Terence Shane Acod

Nursing Students

BSU-College of nursing

La Trinidad Benguet

RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL

Shan Ferrari Publishers, Inc.

ii

OLDEST

Adolescent

Because there are so many more op-

portunities in adolescence than childhood,

teens sometimes become overwhelmed and

may have difficulty making decisions. As they

mature and gain confidence and experience,

their decision making abilities will improve.

15

OLDEST

Adolescent

I m a g i -

nary Audience-

Adolescents be-

lieve that they

are the focus of

everyone's atten-

tion. As a result,

they become extremely self-conscious and

easy to embarrass, very concerned about what

others think, and are particularly sensitive to

criticism.

Personal Fable-Because adolescents

believe that everyone is focused on them, they

develop an inflated opinion of themselves.

They begin to feel as if they are special and

unique. Therefore, no one can possibly under-

stand the difficulties they are going through.

Adolescents also have a false sense of

invulnerability that contributes to risk-taking

behaviors. They may know that certain activi-

ties are dangerous, but they do not think that

the consequences of these behaviors could

happen to them.

Growth spurt:

Girls: 11-14 yrs.

Boys: 13-17 yrs.

Puberty:

Girls: 11-14 yrs.

Boys: 12-15 yrs.

14

Dedicated to that

most capricious

provokingly incorruptible

and

absolutely necessary

person

the gentle reader

Terence Shane Acod

Nursing Students

BSU-College of nursing

La Trinidad Benguet

iii

CONTENTS February 2014

Volume I Number I

NORMAL

VALUES Compilation of nurses basic knowledge

05 Neonate

10 Older

13 Oldest

Two Months

Nine Months

School Age

Adolescent

iv

OLDEST

Adolescent

Think hypothetically:

calculate consequences

of thoughts and actions

without experiencing

them; consider a number

of possibilities and plan

behavior accordingly

Think logically: identify

and reject hypotheses or

possible outcomes based

on logic

Think hypothetically, abstractly, logically

Think about thought: leads to introspection and self-

analysis Insight, perspective taking: understand and

consider others perspectives, and perspectives of

social systems

Systematic problem solving: can attack a problem,

consider multiple solutions, plan a course of action

13

Rules relied upon to guide behavior and play,

and provide child with structure and security

5-6 yrs.: believe rules can be changed

7-8 yrs.: strict adherence to rules

9-10 yrs.: rules can be negotiated

Begin understanding social roles; regards them

as inflexible; can adapt behavior to fit different

situations; practices social roles

Takes on more responsibilities at home

Less fantasy play, more team sports, board

games

School age

OLDER 12

Neonate

Older

Oldest

NEONATE

Albumin= 3.2-5 g/dl

BUN= 7-20 mg/dl

Hemoglobin (g/dl)= 13.5-16.5

(male)

= 12.0-15.0 (female)

Hematocrit (%)= 41-50 (male)

= 36-44 (female)

RBC (x 16/ ml)= 4.5-5.5 (male)

= 4.0-4.9 (female)

Platelet count= 100,000-450,000

WBC (cells/ml)= 4500-10,000

A baby will make love stronger, days shorter,

nights longer, bank balance smaller, home happier, clothes dirty, the past forgotten, and the future

worth living for.

NOTES:

05

Electrolytes

Calcium= 8.8-10-3 mg/dl

Calcium, ionized= 2.24-2.46

meq/L

Chloride= 95-107 meq/ L

Magnesium= 1.62.4 meq/L

Phosphate= 2.5-4.5 meq/L

Potassium= 3.5-5.2 meq/L

Sodium= 135-147 meq/L

RR: 30-60

PR: 120-160

PR RR Systolic

BP

Diastolic

BP

1 year 80-160 20-40 65-115 42-80

3 years 80-120 20-30 76-122 46-84

6 years 70-115 16-22 85-115 48-64

10 years 70-110 16-20 93-125 46-68

14 years 60-110 14-20 99-137 51-71

NEONATE 06

Concrete opera-

tions:

Accurate perception of

events; rational, logical

thought; concrete think-

ing; reflect upon self and

attributes;

Understands concepts

of space, time, dimen-

sion

Can remember events

from months, or years

earlier

More effective coping

skills

Understands how his

behavior affects others

Friendships are situa-

tion specific

Understands concepts

of right and wrong

School age

OLDER

10-12 yrs.: puberty be-

gins for some children

6-9 yrs.: have questions

about pregnancy, inter-

course, sexual wearing,

look for nude pictures in

books, magazines

10-12 yrs.: games with

peeing, sexual activity

(e.g., strip poker, truth/

dare, boy-girl relation-

ships, flirting, some kiss-

ing, stroking/rubbing, re

-enacting intercourse

with clothes on)

11

School age

OLDER

Physical Cogni-

tive Social

Slow, s teady

growth: 3 -4

inches per year

Motor & perceptual skills better integrated

Use language as a communication tool

Perspective taking:

5-8 years: can recognize others perspectives,

cant assume the role of the other .

810 yrs.: recognize difference between behavior

and intent; age

10-11 yrs.: can accurately recognize and consider

others viewpoints

NOTES:

10 NEONATE

Two Months

Social and Emotional

Begins to smile at people

Can briefly calm himself (may bring hands to

mouth and suck on

hand)

Tries to look at parent

Language/Communication

Coos, makes gurgling sounds

Turns head toward sounds

Cognitive (learning, thinking, problem-solving)

Pays attention to faces

Begins to follow things with eyes and recognize people at a distance

Begins to act bored (cries, fussy) if activity doesnt change

Movement/Physical Development

Can hold head up and begins to push up when lying on tummy

Makes smoother movements with arms and legs

07

Nine Months

NEONATE

Social and Emotional

May be afraid of strangers

May be clingy with famil-iar adults

Has favorite toys

Language/Communication

Understands no

Makes a lot of different sounds like mamamama and bababababa

Copies sounds and gestures of others

Uses fingers to point at things

08

Cognitive (learning, think-ing, problem-solving)

Watches the path of something as it falls

Looks for things he sees you hide

Plays peek-a-boo

Puts things in her mouth

Moves things smoothly from

one hand to the

other

Picks up things like ce-

real os be-

tween thumb

and index fin-

ger

Movement/Physical Devel-opment

Stands, holding on

Can get into sitting position

Sits without support

Pulls to stand

Crawls

Nine Months

NEONATE

09