NAMING NAMING Ionic Ionic

COMPOUNDSCOMPOUNDS

Jenny CasaresJenny CasaresXandra GaranzuayXandra Garanzuay

IONIC BONDINGIONIC BONDINGOpposites AttractOpposites Attract

MetalMetal - - NonmetalNonmetal

CationCation - - AnionAnion

Ex. Ex. NaNaClCl MgMgBrBr22

metalmetal--nonmetalnonmetal metalmetal--nonmetalnonmetal

--++

Binary CompoundsBinary CompoundsExample: aluminum oxideExample: aluminum oxide

1. Write cation symbol first, then 1. Write cation symbol first, then anion.anion.

aluminumaluminum oxideoxide

AlAl3+3+ OO2-2-

Binary CompoundsBinary CompoundsExample: aluminum oxideExample: aluminum oxide

2. Compare value of charges.2. Compare value of charges.

AlAl3+3+ OO2-2-

Binary CompoundsBinary CompoundsExample: aluminum oxideExample: aluminum oxide

2. Compare value of charges.2. Compare value of charges.

AlAl3+3+ OO2-2-

Two (2) aluminum ions are needed to Two (2) aluminum ions are needed to balance out three (3) oxide ions.balance out three (3) oxide ions.

AlAl3+3+ AlAl3+3+ OO2-2- OO2-2- OO2-2-

+3 x 2 = ++3 x 2 = +66 and and -2 x 3 = -2 x 3 = -6-6

Charges cancel, or +Charges cancel, or +6 – 6 = 06 – 6 = 0, , Neutral! Neutral!

Binary CompoundsBinary CompoundsExample: aluminum oxideExample: aluminum oxide

3. Check subscripts for smallest 3. Check subscripts for smallest whole number ratio:whole number ratio:

Formula is:Formula is: AlAl22OO33

(cannot be reduced further)(cannot be reduced further)

Stock SystemStock System

Some Some metalsmetals are multivalent, are multivalent, having more than one cation.having more than one cation.

Example:Example:

iron(II)iron(II) iron(III)iron(III)

FeFe2+2+ Fe Fe3+3+

Stock SystemStock System

To distinguish different ionic To distinguish different ionic charges, Roman numerals are charges, Roman numerals are used.used.

Example:Example:

iron(II)iron(II) iron(III)iron(III)

FeFe2+2+ Fe Fe3+3+

II=+2II=+2 III=+3 III=+3

Stock SystemStock SystemExample: iron(II)oxideExample: iron(II)oxide

1. Write cation symbol first, then 1. Write cation symbol first, then anion.anion.

iron(II)iron(II) oxideoxide

FeFe2+2+ OO2-2-

Stock SystemStock SystemExample: iron(II)oxideExample: iron(II)oxide

2. Compare value of charges.2. Compare value of charges.

FeFe2+2+ OO2-2-

One (1) iron ion is needed to One (1) iron ion is needed to balance out one (1) oxide ion.balance out one (1) oxide ion.

+2 x 1 = ++2 x 1 = +22 and and -2 x 1 = -2 x 1 = -2-2

Stock SystemStock SystemExample: iron(II)oxideExample: iron(II)oxide

3. Check subscripts for smallest 3. Check subscripts for smallest whole number ratio:whole number ratio:

FFormula: ormula: FeOFeO

Let’s practice!Let’s practice!

1. Write cation first, then anion.1. Write cation first, then anion.

2. Compare charges.2. Compare charges.

3. Check subscripts for smallest 3. Check subscripts for smallest whole number ratio.whole number ratio.

IONIC BONDINGIONIC BONDINGOpposites AttractOpposites Attract

Polyatomic IonPolyatomic Ion – – Polyatomic IonPolyatomic Ion

CationCation – – AnionAnion

Ex. Ex. NaNaOHOH (NH(NH44))22COCO33

metalmetal--polyatomicpolyatomic polyatomicpolyatomic--polyatomicpolyatomic

++ --

Polyatomic CompoundsPolyatomic CompoundsExample: ammonium carbonateExample: ammonium carbonate

1. Write cation symbol first, then 1. Write cation symbol first, then anion.anion.

ammoniumammonium carbonatecarbonate

NHNH44++ COCO33

2-2-

Polyatomic CompoundsPolyatomic CompoundsExample: ammonium carbonateExample: ammonium carbonate

2. Compare value of charges.2. Compare value of charges.

NHNH44++

COCO332-2-

Polyatomic CompoundsPolyatomic CompoundsExample: ammonium carbonateExample: ammonium carbonate

2. Compare value of charges.2. Compare value of charges.

NHNH44++

COCO332-2-

Two (2) ammonium ions are needed to Two (2) ammonium ions are needed to balance out one (1) carbonate ion.balance out one (1) carbonate ion.

NHNH44++ NHNH44

++ COCO332-2-

+1 x 2 = ++1 x 2 = +22 and and -2 x 1 = -2 x 1 = -2-2

Charges cancel, or +Charges cancel, or +2 – 2 = 02 – 2 = 0, , Balanced! Balanced!

Polyatomic CompoundsPolyatomic CompoundsExample: ammonium carbonateExample: ammonium carbonate

3. Use “( )” around polyatomic ions 3. Use “( )” around polyatomic ions when there is when there is more than onemore than one. Check . Check subscripts for smallest whole number subscripts for smallest whole number ratio.ratio.

Formula is:Formula is: (NH(NH44))22COCO33

*Polyatomic ions are a bonded unit and *Polyatomic ions are a bonded unit and cannot be separated or reduced.cannot be separated or reduced.

* A “1” subscript is understood and not * A “1” subscript is understood and not written.written.

Let’s practice!Let’s practice!

1. Write cation first, then anion.1. Write cation first, then anion.

2. Compare charges.2. Compare charges.

3. Check subscripts for smallest 3. Check subscripts for smallest whole number ratio.whole number ratio.

COVALENT BONDINGCOVALENT BONDINGCoCooperative Bondingoperative Bonding

Before you can name Before you can name correctly, you must be able to correctly, you must be able to distinguish between an ionic distinguish between an ionic and a covalent compound.and a covalent compound.

THERE ARE NO METALS IN A THERE ARE NO METALS IN A COVALENT COVALENT COMPOUND !!!!!COMPOUND !!!!!

COVALENT BONDINGCOVALENT BONDING

Nonmetal Nonmetal + + NonmetalNonmetal

Ex. Ex. C + OC + O

= = COCO

carbon monoxidecarbon monoxide

Prefixes 1 - 10Prefixes 1 - 10

Mono - 1Mono - 1 Di - 2Di - 2 Tri - 3Tri - 3 Tetra - 4Tetra - 4 Penta - 5Penta - 5

Hexa - 6Hexa - 6 Hepta - 7Hepta - 7 Octa - 8Octa - 8 Nona - 9Nona - 9 Deca - 10Deca - 10

Using PrefixesUsing Prefixes

If there is only 1 of the first atom in If there is only 1 of the first atom in a compound, you do not add monoa compound, you do not add mono

If there is only 1 of the second atom If there is only 1 of the second atom in a compound, you MUST put mono in a compound, you MUST put mono before the namebefore the name

Always add prefixes to any element Always add prefixes to any element name with 2 or more atomsname with 2 or more atoms

EXAMPLESEXAMPLES

PP44OO1010

COCO22

SOSO22

CC22HH66

CFCF44

Let’s practice!Let’s practice!