Post on 22-Mar-2018
ACADEMIC REGULATIONS
COURSE STRUCTURE AND SYLLABI
M.TECH.
THERMAL ENGINEERING (Department of Mechanical Engineering)
2014 – 2015
GAYATRI VIDYA PARISHAD
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
(AUTONOMOUS)
Accredited by NAAC with A Grade with a CGPA of 3.47/4.00
Affiliated to JNTUK-Kakinada
MADHURAWADA, VISAKHAPATNAM – 530 048
VISION
To evolve into and sustain as a Centre of Excellence in Technological
Education and Research with a holistic approach.
MISSION
To produce high quality engineering graduates with the requisite
theoretical and practical knowledge and social awareness to be able to
contribute effectively to the progress of the society through their
chosen field of endeavor.
To undertake Research & Development, and extension activities in the
fields of Science and Engineering in areas of relevance for immediate
application as well as for strengthening or establishing fundamental
knowledge.
DEPARTMENT OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Vision
To become a sought after center for higher learning and application
in the field of Mechanical Engineering.
Mission
_ To produce competent and responsible mechanical engineering
graduates and post graduates by imparting quality and value
based education.
_ To prepare students for professional career and guide them for
entrepreneurship and higher studies including research.
_ To motivate the young minds towards services beneficial to the
society through their academic and professional activities.
F O R E W O R D
It gives an immense satisfaction and strength, as three batches
successfully completed the M.Tech. programme under the autonomous
system. Based on the experiences and insight from the past
performance, to catch up the changing trends in higher education and to
make the degree, to be more in tune with the global level requirements, a
system of Outcome Based Education (OBE) is introduced into the
curriculum from 2013-14 admitted batch. The new approach is more
focused towards learner centric. The expected outcomes are clearly
stated, and levels of attainment are measured at each stage.
The experiences from implementation of new OBE system for one year
are taken and fine tuning is done in the meetings of the Boards of studies
and Academic Council held recently.
I take this opportunity to thank all the members of the Academic Council
and the members of the respective Boards of Studies, representatives
from the industry, who shared their valuable experiences to further
sharpen the focus of the entire programme.
I thank the authorities of the affiliating University, JNTU, Kakinada, for
their constant support, encouragement and guidance in successful
running of the autonomous system at each step.
I thank the parents, who are giving constant moral support, and the
students who are keeping the college flag high at every opportunity.
Finally, I thank all the teaching and non-teaching staff for their hard
work and dedication with single point focus towards the continuous
betterment of the system.
PRINCIPAL
MEMBERS ON THE BOARD OF STUDIES
IN
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Prof. P. Bangaru Babu, Professor in Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology
(NIT), Warangal – 506 004.
Sri M. Prasanna Kumar,
DGM (O & M), NTPC Simhadri, Parawada, Visakhapatnam.
Sri V. Damodar Naidu,
President, Sujana Towers Ltd., Plot No.5/A, Vengalrao Nagar,
Hyderabad – 500 038.
Prof. M.M.M. Sarcar,
Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering , College of
Engineering (Autonomous) Andhra University, Visakhapatnam-530 003.
Dr. N. Siva Prasad,
Professor, Machine Design Section, Department of Mechanical
Engineering, IIT Madras, Chennai - 600 036.
Sri K. R. Sreenivas,
Engineering Mechanics Unit, JNCASR, Jakkur, Bangalore 560 064.
Sri P. Srikanth,
Project Manager, Software Development, Parabola Software, MVP
Double Road, Visakhapatnam.
All faculty members of the Department
M.Tech. Thermal Engineering
Programme Educational Objectives (PEOs)
PEO 1: Analyze and solve thermal engineering problems using
modern engineering and software tools.
PEO 2: Play key role in collaborative multidisciplinary scientific
research with due consideration to economical and financial
factors.
PEO 3: Engage in life-long learning with professional code of
conduct.
Programme Outcomes (POs)
PO 1: Exhibit in-depth knowledge in thermal engineering
specialization.
PO 2: Think critically and analyze complex engineering problems
to make creative advances in theory and practice.
PO 3: Solve problem, think originally and arrive at feasible and
optimal solutions with due consideration to public health and
safety of environment.
PO 4: Use research methodologies, techniques and tools, and will
contribute to the development of technological knowledge.
PO 5: Apply appropriate techniques, modern engineering tools to
perform modeling of complex engineering problems with
knowing the limitations
PO 6: Understand group dynamics, contribute to collaborative
multidisciplinary scientific research.
PO 7: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of engineering
and management principles and apply the same with due
consideration to economical and financial factors.
PO 8: Communicate complex engineering problems with the
engineering community and society, write and present
technical reports effectively.
PO 9: Engage in life-long learning with a high level of enthusiasm
and commitment to improve knowledge and competence
continuously.
PO 10: Exhibit professional and intellectual integrity, ethics of
research and scholarship and will realize the responsibility
towards the community.
PO 11: Examine critically the outcomes of actions and make
corrective measures.
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
M.TECH. ACADEMIC REGULATIONS (Effective for the students admitted into first year
from the Academic Year 2013 - 14)
The M.Tech. Degree of Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University
Kakinada shall be recommended to be conferred on candidates who are
admitted to the program and fulfill all the following requirements for the
award of the Degree.
1.0 ELGIBILITY FOR ADMISSION:
Admission to the above program shall be made subject to the
eligibility, qualifications and specialization as per the guidelines
prescribed by the APSCHE and AICTE from time to time.
2.0 AWARD OF M.TECH. DEGREE:
a. A student shall be declared eligible for the award of the M.Tech.
degree, if he pursues a course of study and completes it
successfully for not less than two academic years and not more
than four academic years.
b. A student, who fails to fulfill all the academic requirements for
the award of the Degree within four academic years from the
year of his admission, shall forfeit his seat in M.Tech. Course.
c. The duration of each semester shall normally be 20 weeks with
5 days a week. A working day shall have 7 periods each of
50 minutes.
3.0 STRUCTURE OF THE PROGRAMME:
*Elective
1
Semester No. of Courses per Semester Credits
Theory + Lab
I (5 +1*) + 1 20
II (5+1*) + 1 20
III Seminar 02
III, IV Project Work 40
TOTAL 82
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
4.0 ATTENDANCE:
The attendance shall be considered subject wise.
a. A candidate shall be deemed to have eligibility to write his end
semester examinations in a subject if he has put in at least 75%
of attendance in that subject.
b. Shortage of attendance up to 10% in any subject (i.e. 65% and
above and below 75%) may be condoned by a Committee on
genuine and valid reasons on representation by the candidate
with supporting evidence.
c. Shortage of attendance below 65% shall in no case be
condoned.
d. A student who gets less than 65% attendance in a maximum of
two subjects in any semester shall not be permitted to take the
end- semester examination in which he/she falls short. His/her
registration for those subjects will be treated as cancelled. The
student shall re-register and repeat those subjects as and when
they are offered next.
e. If a student gets less than 65% attendance in more than two
subjects in any semester he/she shall be detained and has to
repeat the entire semester.
5.0 EVALUATION:
The performance of the candidate in each semester shall be
evaluated subject-wise with 100 marks for each theory subject
and 100 marks for each practical, on the basis of Internal
Evaluation and External End -Semester Examination.
The question paper of the external end semester examination
shall be set externally and valued both internally and externally.
If the difference between the first and second valuations is less
than or equal to 9 marks, the better of the two valuations shall
be awarded. If the difference is more than 9 marks, the scripts
are referred to third valuation and the corresponding marks are
awarded.
a. A candidate shall be deemed to have secured the minimum
academic requirement in a subject if he secures a minimum of
40% of marks in the End Semester Examination and aggregate
minimum of 50% of the total marks of the End Semester
Examination and Internal Evaluation taken together.
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GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
b. For the theory subjects, 60 marks shall be awarded based on the
performance in the End Semester examination and 40 marks
shall be awarded based on the Internal Evaluation. One part of
the internal evaluation shall be made based on the average of the
marks secured in the two internal examinations of 30 marks
each conducted one in the middle of the Semester and the other
immediately after the completion of instruction. Each mid-term
examination shall be conducted for a duration of 120 minutes
with 4 questions without any choice. The remaining 10 marks
are awarded through an average of continuous evaluation of
assignments / seminars / any other method, as notified by the
teacher at the beginning of the semester.
c. For practical subjects, 50 marks shall be awarded based on the
performance in the End Semester Examinations, 50 marks shall
be awarded based on the day-to-day performance as Internal
marks. A candidate has to secure a minimum of 50% in the
external examination and has to secure a minimum of 50% on
the aggregate to be declared successful.
d. There shall be a seminar presentation during III semester. For
seminar, a student under the supervision of a faculty
member(advisor), shall collect the literature on a topic and
critically review the literature and submit it to the Department in
a report form and shall make an oral presentation before the
Departmental Committee. The Departmental Committee shall
consist of the Head of the Department, advisor and two other
senior faculty members of the department. For Seminar, there
will be only internal evaluation of 50 marks. A candidate has to
secure a minimum of 50% to be declared successful.
e. In case the candidate does not secure the minimum academic
requirement in any subject (as specified in 5.a to 5.c), he has to
reappear for the End Examination in that subject. A candidate
shall be given one chance to re-register for each subject
provided the internal marks secured by a candidate in that
subject is less than 50% and he has failed in the end
examination. In such a case, the candidate must re-register for
the subject (s). In the event of re-registration, the internal marks
and end examination marks obtained in the previous attempt are
nullified.
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GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
f. In case the candidate secures less than the required attendance
in any subject(s), he shall not be permitted to appear for the End
Examination in those subject(s). He shall re-register for the
subject(s) when they are next offered.
g. Laboratory examination for M.Tech. subjects must be
conducted with two Examiners, one of them being Laboratory
Class Teacher and second examiner shall be other than the
Laboratory Teacher.
6.0 EVALUATION OF PROJECT / DISSERTATION WORK:
Every candidate shall be required to submit the thesis or
dissertation after taking up a topic approved by the
Departmental Research Committee (DRC).
a. A Departmental Research Committee (DRC) shall be
constituted with the Head of the Department as the Chairman
and two senior faculty as Members to oversee the proceedings
of the project work from allotment of project topic to
submission of the thesis.
b. A Central Research Committee (CRC) shall be constituted with
a Senior Professor as Chair Person, Heads of the Departments
which are offering the M.Tech. programs and two other senior
faculty members from the same department.
c. Registration of Project Work: A candidate is permitted to
register for the project work after satisfying the attendance
requirement of all the subjects (theory and practical subjects.)
d. After satisfying 6.0 c, a candidate has to submit, in consultation
with his project supervisor, the title, objective and plan of action
of his project work to the DRC for its approval. Only after
obtaining the approval of DRC the student can initiate the
Project work.
e. If a candidate wishes to change his supervisor or topic of the
project he can do so with the approval of the DRC. However,
the Departmental Research Committee shall examine whether
the change of topic/supervisor leads to a major change in his
initial plans of project proposal. If so, his date of registration
for the Project work shall start from the date of change of
Supervisor or topic as the case may be whichever is earlier.
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GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
f. A candidate shall submit and present the status report in two
stages at least with a gap of 3 months between them after
satisfying 6.0 d. The DRC has to approve the status report, for
the candidate to proceed with the next stage of work.
g. The work on the project shall be initiated in the beginning of the
second year and the duration of the project is for two semesters.
A candidate shall be permitted to submit his dissertation only
after successful completion of all theory and practical subject
with the approval of CRC but not earlier than 40 weeks from the
date of registration of the project work. For the approval by
CRC the candidate shall submit the draft copy of the thesis to
the Principal through the concerned Head of the Department and
shall make an oral presentation before the CRC.
h. Three copies of the dissertation certified by the Supervisor shall
be submitted to the College after approval by the CRC.
i. For the purpose of adjudication of the dissertation, an external
examiner shall be selected by the Principal from a panel of 5
examiners who are experienced in that field proposed by the
Head of the Department in consultation with the supervisor.
j. The viva-voce examination shall be conducted by a board
consisting of the supervisor, Head of the Department and the
external examiner. The board shall jointly report the candidate’s
work as:
A. Excellent
B. Good
C. Satisfactory
k. If the adjudication report is not favorable, the candidate shall
revise and resubmit the dissertation, in a time frame prescribed
by the CRC. If the adjudication report is unfavorable again, the
dissertation shall be summarily rejected and the candidate shall
change the topic of the Project and go through the entire process
afresh.
7.0 AWARD OF DEGREE AND CLASS :
A candidate shall be eligible for the degree if he satisfies the
minimum academic requirements in every subject and secures
satisfactory or higher grade report on his dissertation and viva-
voce.
5
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
After a student has satisfied the requirements prescribed for the
completion of the program and is eligible for the award of M.Tech.
Degree, he shall be placed in one of the following three classes.
% of Marks secured Class Awarded
70% and above First Class with Distinction
60% and above but less than 70% First Class
50% and above but less than 60% Second Class
The grade of the dissertation shall be mentioned in the marks
memorandum.
8.0 WITHHOLDING OF RESULTS:
If the candidate has not paid any dues to the college or if any case
of indiscipline is pending against him, the result of the candidate
shall be withheld and he will not be allowed into the next higher
semester. The recommendation for the issue of the degree shall be
liable to be withheld in all such cases.
9.0 TRANSITORY REGULATIONS: Revised regulations for the students seeking re-admission into 2013 Regulations
(detained due to shortage of attendance / lack of credits)
1. The student has to continue the course work along with the
regular students of the respective semester in which the
student gets re-admission.
2. The credit structure shall remain same, which is applicable
at the time of first admission. Substitute / compulsory
subjects shall be offered in place of subjects that are already
studied earlier. The student has to register for those courses.
3. The mode of internal evaluation (i.e., in-course
assessments) and external evaluation (i.e., end-semester
examinations) shall be on par with the regular students, i.e.,
the student has to follow the then mode of internal
evaluation and the then question paper model for the end-
semester examinations along with the regular students of the
respective semester in which the student gets re-admission.
6
4. For the subjects studied under earlier regulations but failed,
the student has to appear, pass and acquire credits from the
supplementary examinations as and when conducted. The
question paper model shall remain same as that the student
appeared under earlier regulations.
5. The promotion criteria based on attendance shall be in
accordance with the regulations under which the student
was first admitted.
6. All other academic requirements shall be in accordance with
the regulations under which the student was first admitted.
7. The decision by the Chairman Academic Council is final on
any other clarification in this regard.
10.0 GENERAL
1. The academic regulations should be read as a whole for
purpose of any interpretation.
2. In case of any doubt or ambiguity in the interpretation of the
above rules, the decision of the Chairman, Academic
Council is final.
3. The College may change or amend the academic regulations
and syllabus at any time and the changes amendments made
shall be applicable to all the students with effect from the
date notified by the College.
4. Wherever the word he, him or his occur, it will also include
she, hers.
******
7
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
COURSE STRUCTURE
SEMESTER - I
Course
Code
THEORY/LAB L P C
13BM2201 Advanced Computational Methods 4 - 3
13ME2301 Advanced Fluid Mechanics 4 - 3
13ME2302 Advanced Thermodynamics 4 - 3
13ME2303 Advanced Heat Transfer 4 - 3
13ME2304 Advanced I.C. Engines 4 - 3
13ME2305
13ME2306
13ME2307
Elective – I
Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning
Advanced Power Plant Engineering
Jet and Rocket Propulsion
4 - 3
13ME2308 Thermal Engineering Lab - 3 2
TOTAL 24 3 20
SEMESTER – II
Course
Code
THEORY/LAB L P C
13ME2309 Measurements in Thermal Engineering 4 - 3
13ME2310 Turbo Machines 4 - 3
13ME2311 Computational Fluid Dynamics 4 - 3
13ME2312 Fuels and Combustion 4 - 3
13ME2313 Renewable Energy Resources 4 - 3
13ME2314
13ME2315
13ME2316
Elective – II
Optimization Techniques and
Applications
Design of Thermal Equipment
Energy Conservation and Audit
4 - 3
13ME2317 Simulation Lab - 3 2
TOTAL 24 3 20
8
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
SEMESTER – III
Course Code SEMINAR/ PROJECT WORK CREDITS
13ME2318 SEMINAR 2
13ME2319 PROJECT WORK (Contd..) -
SEMESTER – IV
Course code PROJECT WORK CREDITS
13ME2319 PROJECT WORK 40
9
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
ADVANCED COMPUTATIONAL METHODS
Course Code: 13BM2101 L P C
4 0 3
Course Outcomes:
At the end of the Course, Student will be able to:
CO1 : Discuss several important methods with widespread application
for solving large system of equations
CO2 : Appraise the importance of eigen value problems in engineering
sciences.
CO3 : Analyze experimental data by fitting a polynomial or estimating
the derivative or finding the integrals or performing Fourier
analysis.
CO4 : Prepare mathematical model for physical situations and
numerically analyze the corresponding ordinary linear/nonlinear,
initial/boundary value differential equations.
CO5 : Prepare mathematical model for physical situations and
numerically analyze the corresponding partial linear/nonlinear,
initial value/ initial boundary value differential equations.
UNIT-I System of linear equations: Gauss elimination method, triangularization
method, Cholesky method, Partition method, Error Analysis for Direct
Methods.
Iteration Methods: Jacobi Iteration Method, Gauss Seidel Iteration
Method, SOR Method.
UNIT-II
Eigen value and Eigen Vectors, Bounds on Eigen values, Jacobi Method
for symmetric matrices, givens method for symmetric matrices,
householders method, power method.
UNIT-III
Numerical differentiation: Introduction, methods based on undetermined
coefficients, optimum choice of step length, extrapolation methods,
partial differentiation.
Numerical Integration: Introduction, open type integration rules,
methods based on undetermined coefficients: Gauss-Legendre, Gauss-
Chebyshev, Romberg Integration.
Double integration: Trapezoidal method, Simpson’s method.
10
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
UNIT-IV
Numerical Solutions of ordinary differential equations (boundary value
problem): introduction, shooting method: linear and non linear second
order differential equations.
UNIT-V
Numerical solutions of partial differential equations: introduction, finite
difference approximation to derivatives. Laplace equation- Jacobi
method, Gauss Seidel Iteration Method, SOR Method, Parabolic
Equations, iterative methods for parabolic equations, hyperbolic
equations.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. M.K. Jain, S.R.K. Iyengar and R.K.Jain, “Numerical Methods for
Scientific and Engineering Computation”, New Age International
(P) Limited, Publishers, 4th
Edition, 2003.
2. S.S.Sastry, “Introductory Methods of Numerical Analysis”,
Prentice Hall India Pvt., Limited, 4th
Edition.
REFERENCES:
1. Samuel Daniel Conte, Carl W. De Boor, “Elementary
Numerical Analysis: An Algorithmic Approach”, 3rd
Edition,
McGraw-Hill.
11
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
ADVANCED FLUID MECHANICS
Course Code: 13ME2301 L P C
4 0 3
Course Outcomes:
At the end of the course, the student will be able to CO1 : Analyze and apply the concepts of potential flow and Navier-
Stokes equations to solve the fluid flow problems.
CO2 : Explain the concepts of boundary layer separation and turbulent
flows
CO3 : Classify the compressible fluid flows and discuss stagnation
properties.
CO4 : Solve nozzle, diffuser, and shock wave problems of compressible
fluids.
CO5 : Apply Prandtl, Rankine-Hugniot equations to solve oblique shock
waves and discuss the Fanno curves.
UNIT-I Rotational and irrotational flows – velocity potential – circulation –
relationship between stream function and potential function – basic
solutions of stream and potential functions for uniform flow, source or
sink, doublet and vortex flow – stationary circular cylinder - cylinder
with circulation.
Normal stresses – shear stresses - Navier-Stokes equations – flow
through a parallel channel – very low Reynolds number flow – order of
magnitude analysis, and approximation of N-S equations – boundary
layer equations.
UNIT-II Momentum integral equations – flow over a flat plate – displacement
thickness – momentum thickness – boundary layer separation – drag –
bluff bodies – aerofoils.
Laminar–turbulent transition – time mean and time dependent
description – conservation of mass – momentum equations and Reynolds
stresses – boundary layer equations – shear stress models, eddy
viscosity, Prandtl’s mixing length – laminar sub layer –turbulent
boundary layer on a flat plate.
12
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
UNIT-III Wave propagation in an elastic solid medium – propagation of sound
waves – Mach number – Mach angle – equation of sound wave.
Energy equation – energy equation for non-flow and flow processes –
adiabatic energy equation – stagnation enthalpy - stagnation temperature
- stagnation pressure – stagnation velocity of sound – reference
velocities – Bernoulli’s equation – effect of Mach number on
compressibility.
UNIT-IV Comparison of isentropic and adiabatic processes – Mach Number
variation - expansion in nozzles – compression in diffusers – stagnation
and critical states – area ratio as a function of mach number – impulse
function - mass flow rate, flow through nozzles - convergent nozzles –
convergent-divergent nozzles – flow through diffusers.
Development of a shock wave – rarefaction wave – governing equations,
Fanno line, Rayleigh line -Prandtl-Meyer relation – Mach number
downstream of the shock wave – static pressure ratio across the shock -
temperature ratio across the shock – density ratio across the shock -
stagnation pressure ratio across the shock.
UNIT-V
Nature of flow through oblique shock waves – fundamental relations -
Prandtl’s equation – Rankine-Hugoniot equation.
The Fanno curves – Fanno flow equations – variation of flow
parameters.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. A.K. Mohanty, “Fluid Mechanics”, 2nd
Edition, PHI Learning
Private Limited, New Delhi, 2010.
2. S.M. Yahya, “Fundamentals of Compressible Flow With Aircraft
And Rocket Propulsion
(SI UNITs)”, 3rd
Edition, New Age International Publishers, New
Delhi, 2003.
13
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
REFERRENCES: 1. Som and Biswas, “Introduction to Fluid Mechanics and Fluid
Machines”, 2nd
Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2004.
2. S.W. Yuan, “Foundations of Fluid Mechanics”, Prentice-Hall,
1967.
3. Patrick H. Oosthuizen and William E. Carscallen, “Compressible
Fluid Flow”, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., New York, 1997.
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GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
ADVANCED THERMODYNAMICS
Course Code: 13ME2302 L P C
4 0 3
Course Outcomes:
At the end of the course, student will be able to
CO1 : Apply the concept of entropy and irreversibility to solve practical
problems.
CO2 : Explain P-V, T-S, P-T and h-s diagrams of pure substance and its
significance.
CO3 : Distinguish the equations of state for ideal and real gases and gas
mixtures.
CO4 : DevelopTdS, Maxwell’s equations and power cycles.
CO5 : Explain thermodynamic distribution function and partition
function in statistical thermodynamics.
UNIT-I Entropy: Clausius theorem - the property of entropy – the inequality of
Clausius – entropy change in an irreversible process – entropy principle
– applications of entropy principle to the processes of transfer of heat
through a finite temperature difference, and mixing of two fluids
maximum work obtainable from a finite body and a thermal energy
reservoir – entropy transfer with heat flow - entropy generation in a
closed system – entropy generation in an open system.
UNIT-II
Available energy: Available energy referred to a cycle - available
energy from a finite energy source – maximum work in a reversible
process – dead state – availability in a steady flow process – availability
in a non-flow process – availability in chemical reactions.
P-V-T Relationships for pure substances: P-v diagram for a pure
substance, triple point line, critical point, saturated liquid and vapor
lines, P-T diagram for a pure substance - T-s diagram for a pure
substance – h-s diagram (Mollier diagram) for a pure substance –
dryness fraction – problems using steam tables.
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GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
UNIT-III
Properties of Gases: Equations of state – Vander Waal’s equation – law
of corresponding states – Beattie-Bridgeman equation, Redlich-Kwong
equation.
Gas Mixtures: Dalton’s law of partial pressures – enthalpy and entropy
of gas mixtures.
Reactive Systems: Degree of reaction – reaction equilibrium – law of
mass action – heat of reaction – temperature dependence of the heat of
reaction – temperature dependence of the equilibrium constant – change
in Gibbs function – Fugacity and activity.
UNIT-IV
Thermodynamic Relations: Maxwell’s equations –TdS equations –
difference in heat capacities – ratio of heat capacities – Joule-Kelvin
effect – Clausius-Clapeyron equation.
Power Cycles: Brayton cycle – comparison between Brayton cycle and
Rankine cycle – effect of regeneration on Brayton cycle efficiency –
Brayton-Rankine combined cycle.
Statistical Thermodynamics-I: Thermodynamic equilibrium
distribution – thermodynamic distribution function – thermodynamic
ensemble, micro canonical ensemble, canonical ensemble, grand
canonical ensemble.
UNIT-V
Statistical Thermodynamics-II: Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics and
distribution – Fermi-Dirac statistics and distribution – Bose-Einstein
statistics and distribution – phase space – Liouville equation –
equilibrium constant by statistical thermodynamic approach.
Partition function – equipartition of energy – partition function for
canonical ensemble – partition function for an ideal monoatomic gas –
decomposition of partition function – translational partition function –
electronic, rotational and vibrational partition functions.
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GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
TEXT BOOKS:
1. P.K. Nag, “Engineering Thermodynamics”, 4th
Edition, Tata
McGraw-Hill Education Private Limited, 2010.
2. S.S. Thipse, “Advanced Thermodynamics”, Narosa Publishing
House, New Delhi, 2013
REFERENCES:
1. Y.A. Cengel and M.A. Boles, “Thermodynamics – An Engineering
Approach”, 5th
Edition in SI Units, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing
Company Limited, New Delhi, 2006.
2. C. Borganakke and R.E. Sonntag, “Fundamentals of
Thermodynamics”, 7th
Edition,
Wiley India, Delhi, 2012.
3. Van P. Carey, “Statistical thermodynamics and micro scale thermo
physics”, Cambridge University Press, 1999
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GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
ADVANCED HEAT TRANSFER
Course Code: 13ME2303 L P C
4 0 3
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, the student will be able to
CO1 : Explain the general heat conduction equation, fin heat transfer,
solution of two-dimensional steady state equation, and conduction
shape factor
CO2 : Describe the solution of transient heat conduction equation by
analytical methods and by Heisler’s charts, and laminar heat
transfer for flow over a flat plate
CO3 : Analyze heat transfer in laminar and turbulent flows through pipe,
liquid metal and high speed flow, and describe pool and flow
boiling
CO4 : Compare external and in-tube film condensation, and explain
working of a heat pipe
CO5 : Explain radiation properties and apply radiation networks to
calculate radiation exchange between surfaces, and gas radiation
UNIT-I
General heat conduction equation: Heat conduction equation in
Cartesian, cylindrical, and spherical coordinates.
One-dimensional steady state heat conduction: Heat transfer from
extended surfaces – infinitely long fin - rectangular and triangular fins –
boundary conditions - fin performance.
Two-dimensional steady state heat conduction: Steady state two-
dimensional heat conduction equation – boundary conditions –
numerical solution by finite difference method.
Definition of conduction shape factor – conduction shape factor for a
three-dimensional wall and for different other geometries.
UNIT-II
Unsteady-state heat conduction: Lumped heat capacity system -
transient heat conduction in a semi-infinite rod - transient heat
conduction in an infinite plate with convection boundary condition at the
surface.
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GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
Transient heat conduction in an infinite cylinder exposed to a convection
environment - transient heat conduction in a sphere - Heisler’s charts.
Forced convection-I: Laminar boundary layer on a flat plate – Von
Karman analysis through integral equations for hydrodynamic boundary
layer thickness – energy balance equation and thermal boundary layer on
a flat plate, turbulent boundary layer – mixing length and eddy viscosity.
UNIT-III
Forced convection-II: Heat transfer in laminar tube flow – turbulent
flow in a tube, heat transfer in high speed flow – liquid metal heat
transfer – high speed heat transfer for a flat plate.
Boiling: Regimes of saturated pool boiling – Rohsenow’s correlation for
nucleate pool boiling, flow boiling: external flow boiling, internal flow
boiling, two-phase flow regimes.
UNIT-IV
Condensation: Nusselt’s analysis for laminar film condensation on a
vertical plate – condensate Reynolds number – film condensation inside
horizontal tubes.
Heat pipe: Heat pipe components, materials and working fluids –
Applications of heat pipe – Cooling of electronic components.
UNIT-V
Radiation heat transfer: Radiation properties – Kirchhoff’s law –
Wien’s displacement law – Planck’s distribution law – black body - gray
body. Radiation heat exchange between black isothermal surfaces -
radiation shape factor, Irradiation–radiosity– space resistance – surface
resistance – radiation networks – radiation between two hot plates
enclosed by a room.
Gas radiation: Radiation exchange between a gas and a heat transfer
surface - absorption in a gas layer - radiation network for an absorbing
and transmitting medium, interaction of radiation with conduction and
convection.
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GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Holman, J.P., “Heat Transfer”, 10th
Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill
Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi, 2010.
2. David Reay and Peter Kew, “Heat pipes – Theory, Design and
Applications”, 5th
Edition, Butterworth and Heinemann (Elsevier),
2006.
REFERENCES:
1. M. Thirumaleswar, “Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer”,
2nd
Edition, Pearson Education, New Delhi, 2009.
2. Incropera, F.P., Dewitt, D.P., Bergman, T.L., Lavine, A.S.,
Seetharamu, K.N. and Seetharam,T.R., “Fundamentals of Heat and
Mass Transfer”,1st
Edition, WileyIndia, 2013.
3. Sachdeva, T.R., “Fundamentals of Engineering Heat and Mass
Transfer” (SI UNITs), 4th
Edition, New Age International, 2010.
20
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
ADVANCED I.C. ENGINES
Course Code: 13ME2304 L P C
4 0 3
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, the student will be able to
CO 1 : Explain the design and operating parameters of an engine and
analyze thermodynamic concepts of fuel- air cycles.
CO 2 : Summarize the concepts of volumetric efficiency, turbocharging
and supercharging.
CO 3 : Explain the concepts of types of charge motion within the
cylinder and flow in intake manifold.
CO 4 : Analyze different stages of combustion in SI and CI engines.
CO 5 : Explain the formation of different pollutants, their affect and
their treatment, and also associate the concepts of modern trends
in IC engines.
UNIT I
Engine types and their operation, engine design and operating
parameters, Fuel-air mixtures and cycle analysis- thermo chemistry of
fuel-air mixtures, properties of working fluids, ideal models of engine
cycles, fuel-air cycle analysis, and availability analysis of engine
processes.
UNIT II
Gas Exchange Processes - Volumetric efficiency, flow through valves,
residual gas fraction, exhaust gas flow rate and temperature variation,
flow through ports, supercharging and turbo charging.
UNIT III Charge motion- Mean velocity and turbulence characteristics, swirl,
squish, pre-chamber engine flows, crevice flows and blowby.
Fuel metering and manifold phenomenon-SI engine mixture
requirements, carburetors, fuel injection systems, flow past throttle plate,
flow in intake manifolds.
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GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
UNIT IV SI Engine combustion, thermodynamic analysis of SI engine
combustion, flame structure and speed, cyclic variations in combustion,
and abnormal combustion.
CI Engine combustion-Essential features, types of diesel combustion
systems, phenomenological model, analysis of cylinder pressure data,
fuel spray behavior, ignition delay, and mixing-controlled combustion.
UNIT V Pollutant formation and control- Nature and extent of problem, nitrogen
oxides, carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbon emissions, particulate
emissions, exhaust gas treatment.
Modern trends in I.C. engines, lean burning engines-rotary engines,
modification in I.C engines to suit Bio – fuels, HCCI and GDI concepts.
TEXT BOOK:
1. John B. Heywood, “Internal Combustion Engine Fundamental”,
1st
Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill Education, 2011.
REFERENCES:
1. Heinz Heisler, “Advanced Engine Technology”, Trafalgar Square,
1997.
2. V. Ganesan, “Internal Combustion Engines”, 2nd
Edition, Tata
McGraw Hill, 2002.
3. M.L.Mathur and R.P. Sharma, “Internal Combustion Engines”,
DhanpatRai, 2008.
22
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
REFRIGERATION AND AIR-CONDITIONING
(Elective – I)
Course Code: 13ME2305 L P C
4 0 3
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, the student will be able to
CO1 : Explain different refrigeration systems, select refrigerants, and
design refrigeration components.
CO2 : Analyze simple vapor compression refrigeration systems, design
multi-evaporator systems and vapor absorption refrigeration
systems.
CO3 : Design steam jet and non-conventional refrigeration systems,
discuss different defrosting methods.
CO4 : Outline psychrometric properties and analyze different air
conditioning systems.
CO5 : Calculate capacities at different loads and design air conditioning
systems
UNIT – I Review on refrigeration- Methods of refrigeration-refrigeration by
expansion of air-refrigeration by throttling of gas-vapor refrigeration
system-steam jet refrigeration system-unit of refrigeration and COP–
mechanical refrigeration – ideal cycles of refrigeration. Air Refrigeration
- Bell-Coleman cycle and Brayton Cycle, open and dense air systems –
actual air refrigeration system problems – air craft refrigeration -simple,
bootstrap, regenerative, and reduced ambient systems – problems based
on different systems. Refrigerants - types, properties, and selection.
Refrigeration system components - compressors – general classification
– comparison – advantages and disadvantages, condensers and cooling
towers – classification – working principles, evaporators – classification
– working principles, expansion devices – types – working principles.
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GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
UNIT-II Vapor compression refrigeration -working principle and essential
components of the plant – simple vapor compression refrigeration cycle
– COP – representation of cycle on T-S and p-h charts – effect of sub
cooling and super heating – cycle analysis – methods to improve the
COP - use of p-h charts – wet versus dry compression.
Multi-evaporator and compressors -methods of improving COP, sub-
cooler heat exchanger, optimum inter stage pressure for two stage
refrigeration system –single load systems-multi load systems with single
compressor-multiple evaporator and compressor system - dry ice
system-cascade systems.
Vapor absorption system – simple absorption system –practical
ammonia absorption system – Electrolux Refrigerator- comparison of
VARS COP with Carnot COP- Domestic Electrolux Refrigerator-
Lithium–Bromide system-actual analysis of ammonia absorption
system-advantages of VARS over VCRS.
UNIT-III Steam jet refrigeration system - analysis-components of plant-
advantages, limitations and applications –performance.
Non-conventional refrigeration systems - thermoelectric refrigerator -
Vortex tube or Hilsch tube
Methods of defrosting - automatic periodic defrosting–solid absorbent
system- water defrosting-defrosting by reversing cycle-automatic hot gas
defrosting-thermo bank defrosting-electric defrosting -electric air switch
defrosting system-two outdoor unit system-multiple evaporators
defrosting system.
Applications: Food processing and storage by refrigeration.
UNIT-IV Air-conditioning- psychometric properties-psychrometric processes-
summer air-conditioning systems-winter air conditioning systems-year
around air –conditioning-requirements of comfort air-conditioning-
thermodynamics of human body- comfort chart-design considerations-
need for ventilation.
24
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
Air conditioning systems -classification of equipment - filters, grills and
registers, fans and blowers, humidifiers, dehumidifiers-central station
air-conditioning system-unitary air-conditioning system-self-contained
air-conditioning units.
UNIT-V Design of air conditioning systems -cooling load calculations - different
heat sources-bypass factor (BF) - effective sensible heat factor (ESHF) -
cooling coils and dehumidifying air washers.
TEXT BOOK:
1. S.C. Arora and S. Domkundwar, “A Course in Refrigeration and
Air Conditioning”, 8th
Edition, DhanpatRai & Co., 2012.
REFERENCES:
1. C.P.Arora, “Refrigeration and Air Conditioning”, 2nd
Edition, Tata
McGraw-Hill, 2008.
2. W.P. Stoeker, “Refrigeration and Air Conditioning”, Tata
McGraw-Hill, 1989.
3. R.J. Dossat, “Principles of Refrigeration”, John Willey and sons,
John Wiley (SI Version), 1989.
25
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
ADVANCED POWER PLANT ENGINEERING
(Elective – I)
Course Code: 13ME2306 L P C
4 0 3
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, the student will be able to
CO1 : Analyze steam and gas turbine cycles.
CO2 : Discuss binary and power cycles.
CO3 : Explain advances in nuclear and MHD power plants.
CO4 : Explain heat recovery in combined power plants and pollution
caused by power plants
CO5 : Design for different loads and explain economic analysis of
power plant.
UNIT – I
Rankine Cycle – performance – thermodynamic analysis of cycles, cycle
improvements, super heaters, reheaters – condenser and feed water
heaters – operation and performance – layouts, gas turbine cycles –
optimization – thermodynamic analysis of cycles – cycle improvements
– multi spool arrangement. intercoolers, reheaters, regenerators –
operation and performance – layouts.
UNIT- II Binary and combined cycle – coupled cycles – comparative analysis of
combined heat and power cycles – IGCC – AFBC/PFBC cycles –
thermionic steam power plant.
UNIT- III
Overview of Nuclear power plants – radioactivity – fission process –
reaction rates –diffusion theory, elastic scattering and slowing down –
criticality calculations – critical heat flux – power reactors – nuclear
safety. MHD and MHD – steam power plants.
26
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
UNIT- IV
Advantages of combined working – load division between power
stations – storage type hydro-electric plant in combination with steam
plant – run of river plant in combination with steam plant – pump
storage plant in combination with steam or nuclear power plant –
coordination of hydro-electric and gas turbine stations – coordination of
hydro-electric and nuclear power station – coordination of different
types of power plants.
Air and water pollution –acid rains – thermal pollution – radioactive
pollution –standardization – methods of control.
UNIT-V Load curves–effects of variable load on power plant design and
operation–peak load plant– requirements of peak load plants–cost of
electrical energy–selection of type of generation– selection of generating
equipments–performance and operating characteristics of power plants.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Nag, P.K., “Power Plant Engineering”, Tata Mcgraw Hill Publishing
Co Ltd, New Delhi, 1998.
2. Arora and Domkundwar, “A course in power Plant Engineering”,
DhanpatRai and CO, 2004.
REFERENCES:
1. Haywood, R.W, “ Analysis of Engineering Cycles”, 4th
Edition,
Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1991.
2. Wood, A.J., Wollenberg, B.F, “Power Generation, operation and
control”, John Wiley, New York, 1984.
3. Gill, A.B., “ Power Plant Performance”, Butterworths, 1984.
4. Lamarsh, J.R., “Introduction to Nuclear”, Engg.2nd
edition, Addison-
Wesley, 1983.
27
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
JET AND ROCKET PROPULSION
(Elective – I)
Course Code: 13ME2307 L P C
4 0 3
Course Outcomes:
At the end of the course, the student will be able to
CO1 : Explain the working of jet engines and rocket propulsion systems.
CO2 : Describe liquid propellant rocket engines.
CO3 : Discuss solid propellant rocket engines and explain rocket motor
design approach.
CO4 : Classify solid propellants and discuss the characteristics.
CO5 : Explain the working of hybrid propellant rockets and select the
process for rocket propulsion systems.
UNIT-I Ramjet engine, pulse jet engine, turboprop engine, turbojet engine, thrust
and thrust equation, specific thrust of turbojet engine, specific thrust of
the turbojet engine, efficiencies, parameters effecting the flight
performance, thrust augmentation.
Duct jet propulsion, rocket propulsion, chemical rocket propulsion,
nuclear rocket engines, electric rocket propulsion, applications of rocket
propulsion-space launch vehicles, spacecraft, missiles and other
applications.
UNIT-II
Liquid propellant rocket engine-propellants, propellant feed systems, gas
feed systems, propellant tanks, tank pressurization, turbo pump feed
system and engine cycles, flow and pressure balance, valves and pipe
lines, engine support structure.
Liquid Propellant properties, liquid oxidizers, liquid fuels liquid
monopropellants, gelled propellants, combustion process, analysis,
combustion instability.
28
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
UNIT-III Solid propellant rocket engine - propellant burning rate, basic
performance relations, propellant grain and grain configuration,
propellant grain stress and strain, attitude control.
Motor case – metal cases, wound –filament –reinforced plastic cases,
nozzles- classification, design and construction, heat absorption and
nozzle materials, rocket motor design approach.
UNIT-IV Solid propellants-classification, propellant characteristics, propellant
ingredients, smokeless propellant, igniter propellants, physical and
chemical processes, ignition process, extinction or thrust termination,
combustion instability.
UNIT-V Hybrid propellant rockets - applications and propellants, performance
analysis and grain configuration, combustion instability. Rocket
propulsion systems - selection process, criteria for selection, interfaces.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. V Ganesan, “Gas Turbines”, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2nd
Edition, 2003.
2. Sutton P and Oscar Biblaz,” Rocket Propulsion Elements”, Wiley
India Pvt.Ltd. 2010.
REFERENCES:
1. Khajuria and Dubey, “Gas Turbines & Propulsive System”,
DhanpatRai Publications, 2012.
2. Hill and Peterson, “Mechanics and Dynamics of Propulsion”, 2nd
Edition, Prentice Hall, 1991.
29
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
THERMAL ENGINEERING LAB
Course Code: 13ME2308 L P C
0 3 2
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, the student will be able to
CO1 : Measure the compressibility of real gases and dryness fraction of
steam.
CO2 : Evaluate the performance of variable compression engines, air
conditioning systems, heat pipe and refrigeration system.
CO3 : Analyze exhaust gases and test the evacuated tube concentrator.
CO4 : Determine overall heat transfer co-efficient for double pipe heat
exchanger with parallel and counter flow.
CO5 : Test the performance of pin fin under natural convection and
forced convection.
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS:
Any TEN Experiments.
1. Compressibility factor measurement of different real gases.
2. Dryness fraction estimation of steam.
3. Performance test on a variable compression ratio (VCR) diesel
engine.
4. Exhaust gas analysis with gas analyzer.
5. COP of refrigeration system.
6. Performance of an air-conditioning system.
7. Pin fin experiment under natural convection heat transfer conditions.
8. Pin fin experiment under forced convection heat transfer conditions.
9. Double pipe heat exchanger with parallel and counter flow.
10. Finned tube heat exchanger.
11. Performance of heat pipe.
12. Evacuated tube concentrator.
30
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
MEASUREMENTS IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
Course Code: 13ME2309 L P C
4 0 3
Course Outcomes:
At the end of the course, student will be able to
CO1 : Identify the suitable instrument for measuring transport
parameters and estimate error
CO2 : Detect suitable range of pressure gauge and compute its dynamic
response
CO3 : Distinguish different flow visualization methods and temperature
measurements.
CO4 : Determine thermal conductivity in solids, liquids and gases and
radiation measurements
CO5 : Develop transfer function of given mechanical system by using
concept of control system.
UNIT-I
Instrument classification, static and dynamic characteristics of
instruments, experimental error analysis, systematic and random errors,
statistical analysis, uncertainty, reliability of instruments,
Variable resistance transducers, capacitive transducers, piezoelectric
transducers, photoconductive transducers, photovoltaic cells, ionization
transducers, Hall effect transducers.
UNIT-II Dynamic response considerations, Bridgman gauge, McLeod gauge,
Pirani thermal conductivity gauge, Knudsen gauge, Alphatron.
UNIT-III Flow measurement by drag effects; hot-wire anemometers, magnetic
flow meters, flow visualization methods, interferometer, Laser Doppler
anemometer.
Temperature measurement by mechanical effect, temperature
measurement by radiation, transient response of thermal systems,
thermocouple compensation, temperature measurements in high- speed
flow.
31
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
UNIT-IV Thermal conductivity measurement of solids, liquids, and gases,
measurement of gas diffusion, convection heat transfer measurements,
humidity measurements, heat-flux meters.
Detection of thermal radiation, measurement of emissivity, reflectivity
and transmissivity, solar radiation measurement.
UNIT-V
Review of open and closed loop control systems and servo mechanisms,
Transfer functions of Mechanical Systems, input and output systems.
TEXT BOOK:
1. Holman, J.P., “Experimental methods for engineers”, Tata
McGraw-Hill, 7th
Edition, 2007.
REFERENCES:
1. Prebrashensky. V., “Measurement and Instrumentation in Heat
Engineering”, Vol.1, MIR Publishers, 1980.
2. Raman, C.S. Sharma, G.R., Mani, V.S.V., “Instrumentation
Devices and Systems”, 2nd
Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill., 2001.
3. Morris. A.S, “Principles of Measurements and Instrumentation”,
3rd
Edition, Butterworth-Heinemann, 2001.
32
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
TURBOMACHINES
Course Code: 13ME2310 L P C
4 0 3
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, the student will be able to
CO1 : Apply thermodynamic principles to nozzles, diffusers and various
stages of compressors and turbines.
CO2 : Discuss the gas, steam turbine plants and explain flow through the
cascades of compressors and turbines.
CO3 : Apply the methods to estimate the stage work and efficiency of
axial and centrifugal compressors.
CO4 : Apply the methods to estimate the stage work and efficiency of
axial and radial turbines.
CO5 : Explain the parameters required for the design of fans.
UNIT-I Turbo machines, turbines, pumps and compressors, fans and blowers,
compressible flow machines, incompressible flow machines, turbine,
compressor and fan stages, extended turbo machines, axial stages, radial
stages, mixed flow stages, impulse stages, reaction stages, variable
reaction stages, multistage machines, stage velocity triangles, design
conditions, off-design conditions, applications.
Thermodynamics -basic definitions and laws, energy equation, adiabatic
flow through nozzles, adiabatic flow through diffusers, work and
efficiencies in turbine stages, work and efficiencies in compressor
stages.
UNIT-II Gas and steam turbine plants - open and closed circuit plants - aircraft
gas turbine plants - gas turbines for surface vehicles, electric power
station, petro-chemical plants and cryogenics.
Types of steam turbines – steam power cycle – industrial steam turbines
– combined steam and gas turbine plants.
Flow through cascades -two-dimensional flow, cascade of blades,
cascade performance, axial turbine cascades, axial compressor cascades,
annular cascades, radial cascades.
33
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
UNIT-III
Axial compressor stages -stage velocity triangles, enthalpy-entropy
diagram, flow through blade rows, stage losses and efficiency, work
done factor, low hub-tip ratio stages, supersonic and transonic stages,
performance characteristics.
Centrifugal compressor stages -elements of centrifugal compressor
stage, stage velocity triangle, enthalpy-entropy diagram, nature of
impeller flow, slip factor, diffuser, volute casing, stage losses and
performance characteristics.
UNIT-IV
Axial turbine stages -stage velocity triangle, single impulse stage, multi
stage velocity and pressure compounded impulses, reaction stages,
blade-to-gas speed ratio, losses and efficiencies, performance charts, low
hub-trip ratio stages.
Radial turbine stages -elements of a radial turbine stage, stage velocity
triangles, enthalpy-entropy diagram, stage losses, performance
characteristics, outward flow radial stages.
UNIT-V
Axial fans and centrifugal fans -fan applications, axial fans, fan stage
parameters, types of axial fan stages, types of centrifugal fans,
centrifugal fan stage parameters, design parameters.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. S.M. Yahya, “Turbines, Pumps, Compressors”, 4th
Edition, Tata
McGraw Hill, 2010.
REFERENCES:
1. Charles A, Earsons, “The steam turbine”, Cambridge University
Press, 2012.
2. Norman Davey, “Gas Turbines – Theory and practice”, 3rd
Edition, Merchant Books, 2006.
3. S.M. Yahya, “Fundamentals of Compressible flow with aircraft
and rocket propulsion”, New Age International, 2010.
4. Cophen, Roger and Sarvanamiuttu, “Gas Turbines”, 6th
Edition,
Pearson, 2008.
5. Seppo A. Korpela, “Principles of turbomachinery”, John Wiley &
Sons, 2011.
34
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS
Course Code: 13ME2311 L P C
4 0 3
Course Outcomes:
At the end of the course, the student will be able to
CO1 : Explain basic approaches and numerical methods to solve fluid
dynamics problems
CO2 : Explain finite volume method for diffusion and convection-
diffusion problems using different interpolation schemes
CO3 : Solve linear algebraic equations and transient one and two
dimensional heat conduction equations
CO4 : Explain stream function-vorticity method, and to solve the
pressure equation
CO5 : Discuss pressure correction method to solve incompressible and
compressible flows, and explain turbulent flow models
UNIT-I Principles of conservation of mass and momentum – dimensionless form
of equations – simplified mathematical models for incompressible,
inviscid, potential and creeping flows, Boussinesq and boundary layer
approximations – mathematical classification as hyperbolic, parabolic
and elliptic flows.
Approaches to fluid dynamical problems – possibilities and limitations
of numerical methods – components of numerical solution method:
mathematical model, discretization method, coordinate and basis vector
systems, numerical grid, finite approximations, solution method,
convergence criteria, consistency, stability, convergence – discretization
approaches: finite difference method, finite volume method, finite
element method.
UNIT-II Finite difference methods: approximation of first, second and mixed
derivatives, uniform and non-uniform derivatives, implementation of
boundary conditions, discretization errors.
Finite volume methods: approximation of surface and volume integrals –
interpolation schemes: upwind differencing, central difference scheme,
quadratic upwind interpolation (QUICK) scheme – implementation of
boundary conditions – algebraic equation system.
35
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
UNIT III Solution of linear algebraic equations: Gauss elimination method,
Thomas algorithm for tri-diagonal system of equations.
Solution of transient one-dimensional differential equation: explicit
method, Crank-Nicolson implicit scheme.
Solution of unsteady two-dimensional differential equation: Alternating
Direction Implicit method.
UNIT-IV Solution of Navier-Stokes equations-I: Discretization of derivative
terms: convective and viscous terms, pressure and body force terms –
conservation properties.
Variable grid: Collocated arrangement, staggered arrangement.
The pressure equation and its solution: A simple explicit time advance
scheme, a simple implicit time advance scheme - stream function-
vorticity method.
UNIT-V Solution of Navier-Stokes equations-II: Implicit pressure correction
methods: SIMPLE and SIMPLER algorithms.
Turbulent flows: Large eddy simulation (LES) – Reynolds averaged
Navier-Stokes equations – Simple turbulence models – Reynolds stress
model.
Compressible flow: Pressure correction method, pressure-velocity-
density coupling, boundary conditions.
TEXT BOOK:
1. J. H, Ferziger and M. Peric, “Computational Methods for Fluid
Dynamics”, 3rd
Revised Edition, Springer, 2002.
REFERENCES:
1. C. Hirsch, “Numerical Computation of Internal and External Flows:
Volume 1, Fundamentals of Numerical Discretization”, 2nd
Edition,
John Wiley & Sons, 2007.
2. C. Hirsch, “Numerical Computation of Internal and External Flows:
Volume 2, Methods of Inviscid and Viscous Flows”, John Wiley
& Sons, 2007.
3. H. K. Versteeg and W. Malalasekera, “An Introduction to
Computational Fluid Dynamics: the Finite Volume Method”,
Longman Scientific & Technical, 1996.
36
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
FUELS AND COMBUSTION
Course Code: 13ME2312 L P C
4 0 3
Course Outcomes:
At the end of the course, the student will be able to CO1 : Differentiate between various fuels
CO2 : Explain different steps in refinery process of petroleum
CO3 : Analyze exhaust and flue gases
CO4 : Design burners
CO5 : Explain methods for emission control in combustion.
UNIT-I Classification of coal, analysis and properties of coal, oxidation of coal,
hydrogenation of coal, agro fuels, solid fuel handling.
.
UNIT-II Classification of petroleum products, Handling and storage of petroleum
products, Refining and other conversion processes, property and testing
of petroleum products, other liquid fuels.
Types of gaseous fuels, natural gases, methane from coal mines,
manufactured gases, producer gas, water gas, blast furnace gas, refinery
gas, LPG, cleaning and purification of gaseous fuels.
UNIT-III Stoichiometry relations, theoretical and minimum air required for
complete combustion, calculation of dry flue gases, exhaust gas analysis,
flue gas analysis.
Principles of combustion, rapid methods of combustion, flame
propagation, various methods of flame stabilization.
UNIT-IV
Basic features of burner, types of solid, liquid and gaseous fuel burners,
design consideration of different types of burners, recuperative and
regenerative burners, Pulverised fuel furnaces–fixed, entrained, and
fluidized bed systems.
37
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
UNIT-V Emissions, Emission index, corrected concentrations, control of
emissions for premixed and non-premixed combustion.
TEXT BOOK:
1. S. Sarkar, “Fuels and combustion”, 3rd
Edition, Universities
Press, 2009.
REFERENCES:
1. H. Joshua Phillips, “Fuels, solid, liquid and gaseous – Their
analysis and valuation”, General Books, 2010.
2. S.R. Turns, “An introduction to combustion – Concepts and
applications”, Tata McGraw- Hill, 2000.
3. K. Kanneth, “Principles of combustion”, Wiley and Sons, 2005.
4. S.P. Sharma and C. Mohan, “Fuels and combustion”, Tata
McGraw-Hill, 1984
38
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES
(Elective-II)
Course Code: 13ME2313 L P C
4 0 3
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, the student will be able to
CO1 : Explain solar energy radiation, analyze different solar collectors,
energy conversion systems.
CO2 : Discuss power generation using geothermal and wind energy.
CO3 : Describe power generation in biomass and bio-fuels.
CO4 : Analyze the electro chemical effects and fuel cells, hydrogen
energy cycle.
CO5 : Apply the direct energy conversion methods, wave and tidal
energy.
UNIT – I
Introduction – Renewable Energy sources-energy parameters-
cogeneration-new technologies-distributed energy systems-impact of
renewable energy generation on environment-solar energy, wind energy,
biomass energy, geothermal energy, ocean energy.
Scenario - survey of energy resources – classification – need for non-
conventional energy resources.
Solar Radiation and its Measurement: The Sun – sun-earth relationship –
solar radiation – radiation measuring instruments.
Solar Collectors: Solar collectors- flat plate collector- performance
analysis of flat plate collector- solar air collectors-solar concentrating
collectors- performance analysis -types of concentrating collectors-
compound parabolic concentrator (CPC)-Tracking CPC and solar swing
- performance analysis.
Solar Thermal Energy Storage: Different systems.
Solar Thermal Energy Conversation Systems: solar water heating–
heating of swimming pool-solar thermal power plant-central receiver
power plants– solar ponds-solar pumping systems-solar air heaters- solar
crop drying –solar kilns-integrated solar dryers- solar cooker-solar
passive techniques-solar air conditioning & refrigeration-solar green
houses.
39
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
Solar Photovoltaic System: Semi conductor materials and doping-p-n
junction-photovoltaic effect- efficiency of solar cells- semiconductor
materials for solar cells- solar photovoltaic system (SPS)-application-
plastic solar cells with nanotechnology.
UNIT – II
Geothermal Energy: Introduction-structure of earth – plate tectonic
theory-geothermal field–geothermal gradients- geothermal power
generation-preheat hybrid with conventional plant- resources in India.
Wind Energy: Introduction- classification of wind turbines-types of
rotors-terms used-aerodynamic operation –wind energy extraction-
extraction of power-wind characteristics-mean wind speed & energy
estimation-power density duration curve- types of wind machines-
modes of wind power generation.
UNIT - III Bio – Energy: Introduction-biomass resources-bio fuels-biogas-producer
gas-biomass conversion technologies-biochemical conversion-biomass
gasification-biogas technology-biogas plants-energy recovery from
urban waste-MSW based power project-power generation from land fill
gas- power generation from liquid waste-biomass cogeneration-ethanol
from biomass-bio diesel-bio fuel petrol-biomass resource development
in India-environmental benefits.
UNIT – IV
Electro Chemical Effects and Fuel Cells: Principle of operation of an
acidic fuel cell-technical parameter of fuel cell-fuel processor-methanol
fuel cell-classification of fuel cells- other types of fuel cells- comparison
between acidic and alkaline hydrogen oxygen fuel cells- efficiency and
EMF of fuel cells- operating characteristics of fuel cells- advantages of
fuel cell power plants- future potential of fuel cells.
Hydrogen Energy: Properties of hydrogen in respect of its use as source
of renewable energy- sources of hydrogen- production of hydrogen-
storage and transportation- safety and management-development of
hydrogen cell- economics of hydrogen fuel and – I.C. Engines
applications – utilization strategy – performances.
40
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
UNIT – V Energy from Oceans: Tidal Energy: Introduction to -tidal characteristics-
range-energy estimation for tidal power project-double cycle system-
development of tidal power scheme-components of power plant-
advantages and disadvantages-global scenario-power development in
India.
Wave Energy: Introduction -factors effecting wave energy-ocean wave
parameters-energy from waves-wave power data-energy resource in
India-wave area-analysis of wave energy-wave energy conversation-
principles of wave energy-wave power development in India-OTEC.
Direct Energy Conversion: Need for DEC- Carnot cycle- limitations-
Principles of DEC. Thermo-electric generators-Seebeck-Peltier and
Joule-Thompson effects- figure of merit- materials- applications-MHD
generators- principles- dissociation and ionization- Hall effect-magnetic
flux- MHD accelerator- MHD engine- power generation systems-
electron gas dynamic conversion- economic aspects.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. D.P. Kothari, K.C. Singal, Rakesh Ranjan, “Renewable Energy
Resources and Emerging Technologies”, 2nd
Ed., PHI Learning
Private Limited , 2012 .
2. G.D. Rai., “Non-conventional Energy sources”, 4th
Edition,
Khanna Publishers, 2008.
REFERENCES:
1. Suhas- P. Sukhatma and Nayak- J.K., “Solar Energy”, 3rd
Ed.,
TMH- New Delhi, 2008.
2. G.N.Tiwari and M.K.Ghosal, “Fundamentals of Renewable Energy
Resources”, Alpha Science International Limited, 2007.
3. John Twidell & Tony Weir, “Renewable Energy Resources”, 2nd
Edition, Taylor & Francis, 2006.
41
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES AND APPLICATIONS
(Elective-II)
Course Code: 13ME2314 L P C
4 0 3
Course Outcomes:
At the end of the course, the student will be able to
CO1 : Solve optimization problems using classical optimization
techniques
CO2 : Solve simple non-linear multivariable optimization problems
CO3 : Solve optimization problems using geometric programming
CO4 : Explain the working of different operators used in genetic
algorithms for optimization.
CO5 : Explain concepts of stochastic programming and solve problems
using integer programming.
UNIT-I
Introduction-Classification of optimization problems classical
optimization techniques: single variable optimization–multivariable with
no constraints-multivariable with equality constraints, direct substitution
method, method of Lagrange multipliers.
Unimodal function, methods of single variable optimization -, bisection
method, unrestricted,
Dichotomous, Fibonacci.
UNIT-II Univariate search, Pattern search methods- Hookes-Jeeves method,
Powell’s method, steepest descent method. Penalty approach- interior
and exterior penalty function methods.
UNIT- III
Geometric programming -solution from differential calculus point of
view - solution from arithmetic-geometric inequality point of view -
degree of difficulty - optimization of zero degree of difficulty problems
with and without constraints- optimization of single degree of difficulty
problems without constraints.
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GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
UNIT-IV
Genetic algorithms - differences and similarities between conventional
and evolutionary algorithms, working principle, reproduction, crossover,
mutation, termination criteria, different reproduction and crossover
operators, GA for constrained optimization, drawbacks of GA.
UNIT-V
Integer Programming- Introduction – formulation – Gomory cutting
plane algorithm – Zero or one algorithm, branch and bound method.
Stochastic programming - Basic concepts of probability theory, random
variables- distributions-mean, variance, correlation, co variance, joint
probability distribution- stochastic linear, dynamic programming.
TEXT BOOK:
1. Singiresu S. Rao, “Engineering Optimization -Theory and
Practice”, 4th
Edition, Wiley, 2009.
REFERENCES:
1. Kalyanmoy Deb, “Optimization for Engineering Design-
Algorithms and Examples”, PHI, 8th
reprint, 2005.
2. Ashok D. Belegundu and Tirupathi R. Chandrupatla,
“Optimization concepts and applications in engineering”, 2nd
Edition, PHI, 2011.
43
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
DESIGN OF THERMAL EQUIPMENT
(Elective-II)
Course Code: 13ME2315 L P C
4 0 3
Course Outcomes:
At the end of the course, the student will be able to
CO1. Classify and design heat exchangers
CO2. Estimate convective heat transfer in ducts, concentric annuli,
circular pipes.
CO3. Determine pressure drop and effect of fouling in heat exchangers.
CO4. Design double pipe heat exchangers and compact heat
exchangers by considering fin effects.
CO5. Design condensers and evaporators for application in
refrigeration and air-conditioning.
UNIT-I Classification of heat exchangers: Tubular heat exchangers, plate heat
exchangers, extended surface heat exchangers – flow arrangements –
applications.
Basic design methods of heat exchangers: Overall heat transfer
coefficient – multi pass and cross flow heat exchangers - log mean
temperature difference method – effectiveness-NTU method for heat
exchanger analysis–heat exchanger design calculation–heat exchanger
design methodology.
UNIT-II Correlations for forced convection heat transfer coefficients: Laminar
forced convection in ducts and concentric annuli – turbulent forced
convection in circular pipes – heat transfer in helical coils and spirals –
heat transfer in bends.
UNIT-III Heat exchanger pressure drop and pumping power: Tube side pressure
drop in laminar and turbulent flows – pressure drop in helical and spiral
coils – pressure drop in bends and fittings.
44
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
Fouling of heat exchangers: Basic considerations – effect of fouling and
heat transfer and pressure drop – aspects of fouling – design of heat
exchangers subject to fouling.
UNIT-IV Double pipe heat exchangers: Pressure drop – hydraulic diameter –
hairpin heat exchanger – parallel and series arrangements of hairpins –
total pressure drop.
Compact heat exchangers: Plate-fin heat exchangers – tube-fin heat
exchangers – pressure drop for finned-tube heat exchangers – pressure
drop for plate-fin heat exchangers.
UNIT-V Condensers and evaporators: Horizontal shell-and-tube condensers –
horizontal in-tube condensers – plate condensers – air-cooled
condensers, thermal design of shell-and-tube condensers – design and
operational considerations.
TEXT BOOK: 1. Sadik Kakac and Hongtan Liu, “Heat Exchangers – Selection,
Rating and Thermal Design”, CRC Press, New York, USA,
2000.
REFERENCES:
1. Donald Q. Kern, “Process Heat Transfer”, Tata McGraw-Hill,
2001.
2. S. Kakac, A.E. Bergles and F. Mayinger, “Heat Exchangers:
Thermal-Hydraulic Fundamentals and Design”, Hemisphere
Pub., 1981.
3. “Standards of the Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association
(TEMA)”, Inc., 7th
Edition, New York, 1988.
45
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
ENERGY CONSERVATION AND AUDIT
(Elective-II)
Course Code: 13ME2316 L P C
4 0 3
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, the student will be able to
CO1. Explain the principles of energy conservation and methodology
of energy auditing.
CO2. Determine energy efficiency in thermal utilities such as boilers,
compressors, refrigeration systemsand cooling towers
CO3. Discuss concepts of total energy and its application and role of
instrumentation in energy conservation
CO4. Propose potential areas for electrical energy conservation
CO5. Distinguish the importance of energy management, energy
economics and life cycle costing.
UNIT-I
Introduction – Energy scenario, principles, and imperatives of energy
conservation, energy consumption pattern, resource availability, role of
energy managers in industries.
Energy auditing, methodology with respect to process industries,
characteristic method employed in energy intensive industries.
UNIT-II Energy efficiency in thermal utilities –boilers, steam systems, furnaces,
insulation, refractory, cogeneration, waste heat recovery.
Energy efficiency in compressed air system, refrigeration systems, fans,
blowers, pumps and pumping system, cooling towers.
UNIT-III
Concept of total energy, advantages and limitations, total energy system
and application, various possible schemes.
Role of instrumentation in energy conservation, prime movers used in
total energy systems, potential and economics of total energy systems.
46
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
UNIT-IV
Potential areas for electrical conservation in various industries, energy
management opportunities in electrical heating, lighting system and
electric motors and variable speed drives.
UNIT-V Importance of energy management, energy economics, discount rate,
internal rate of return and life cycle costing.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Goswami and Kreith, “Energy Conversion”, CRC Press, 2007.
2. Umesh Rathod, “Energy management”, S.K. Kataria & Sons,
REFERENCES:
1. Y.P. Abbi, “Energy audit, thermal power, combined cycle and
cogeneration plants”, Teri Publishers, 2012.
2. W.C. Turner., “Energy management hand book”, CRC Press
Publications.
47
GVPCE(A) M.Tech. Thermal Engineering 2014
SIMULATION LAB
Course Code: 13ME2317 L P C
0 3 2
Course Outcomes:
At the end of the course, the student will be able to
CO1. Solve numerically the problems of steady and unsteady state heat
conduction in a slab
CO2. Estimate theoretically the heat transfer rate from rectangular and
triangular fins
CO3. Solve numerically the problems of forced convection in internal
flow and natural convection heat transfer
CO4. Design from numerical computations the parallel and counter
flow heat exchangers
CO5. Explain TDMA and methods to solve first and second order
ordinary differential Equations
LIST OF NUMERICAL PROBLEMS:
Any TEN numerical problems.
The following problems are solved using MATLAB, FEM and FVM
softwares.
1. Two dimensional steady state heat conduction in a slab.
2. One dimensional unsteady state heat conduction in a slab.
3. Heat transfer from a rectangular fin.
4. Heat transfer from a triangular fin.
5. Laminar flow through a rectangular duct.
6. Laminar natural convection from a vertical plate.
7. Parallel flow double pipe heat exchanger.
8. Counter flow heat exchanger.
9. Solution of a Tridiagonal matrix (TDM) using Thomas algorithm.
10. Solution of a second order ordinary differential equation by fourth-
order Runge-Kutta Method.
11. Solution of simultaneous first order ordinary differential equations
by fourth-order Runge-Kutta Method.
48