Presented by Hiba Armouche

Motivation

MotivationMany of the differences in employee motivation, management styles, and organizational structures of companies throughout the world can be traced to differences in the collective mental programming of people in different national cultures. (Hofstede, 1980)

the five senses

Theories of Human Motivation

Sigmund FreudAbraham MaslowFrederick HerzbergDavid McClellandVictor Vroom

All people are motivated to pursue goals they value

Sigmund Freud

IdEgoSuperego

McClelland

Achievement Motive

Power Motive

Victor Vroom

Expectancy ( Conscious)

Effort PerformanceSpecific

Outcome: Value to the individual

Abraham Maslow

Self-Actualizat

ionEsteem

Social

Security

Physiological

Herzberg

Hygienic : salary, interpersonal relations, technical supervision, working conditions, and company policies and administration( Maslow’s Lower needs)

Motivators: achievement, recognition, responsibility, advancement, and the work itself ( Maslow’s higher needs)

Culture Conscious

Let’s look at these theories through

culture-conscious glasses

culture Conscious

U.S.A: Achievement

1- Low on Power Distance2- Low in Uncertainty Avoidance

3- High in Individualism

4- High in Masculinity

Satisfaction of some needExpectancy Theory - Self-interest - Conscious ( Vroom)

Achievement Motive(McClelland and Maslow)

RiskPerformance +

Austria: Security Motivation

1- Low on Power Distance

2- High on Uncertainty Avoidance

Comfortable - Security

3- Low on Individualism

4- High on Masculinity

“we” “Society”Superego (Freud)

Working hard is a way of relieving stress

Inner feeling of obligation: Unconscious (Freud)

Performance + Security

Singapore: Social motivation

1- High power distance2- Low uncertainty Avoidance3- Low Individualism4- Low Masculinity

Society- Superego : Freud

Quality of life Relationship between people Risk+ +

Portugal:Security and Social Needs

1- High Power Distance2- High Uncertainty Avoidance3- Low Individuality4- Low Masculinity

Quality of life + SecurityRather than on

Performance and Money

Lebanon

Power DistanceUncertainty avoidanceIndividualismMasculinity

Thank You

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