Post on 14-Mar-2020
MODULE 4:SIDs and STARs
Slide <#> of
CONTENT:WHAT ARE SIDS AND STARS
COMMON ELEMENTS
CHARTS
PROCESSING OF SIDS AND STARS
VECTORING
PHRASEOLOGIES
OUTLINE
Objective: To understand SIDs and STARs and
their applications
Version 1.0 15 September 2015
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Standard Instrument Departure
SID:Standard instrument departure (SID). A designated instrument flight rule (IFR) departure route linking the aerodrome or a specified runway of the aerodrome with a specified significant point, normally on a designated ATS route, at which the en-route phase of a flight commences.
Elements of a (Procedural) SID:
Runway eg Runway 26
SID Name: generally the name of the waypoint where the SID joins the ATS route (some exceptions)
eg EGMAS or UTULO
SID Identifier: a numeric or alpha numeric suffix after the SID name. SID are numbered from 1 to 9 then restart from 1 (can also have an alpha character associated with the SID)
eg EGMAS 1 or UTULO 1
(Reference is ICAO Annex 11 Appendix 3)
Lateral Path:
Described on a chart and coded into a navigation database via a series of waypoints (ARINC 424 coding)
ATC is not authorised to cancel the SID below MVA
Vertical Path:
Described as a series of altitude constraints or requirements. Work in conjunction with STAR altitude constraints or requirements
Speed limits:
A design requirement from ICAO DOC 8168 for airspace containment, terrain avoidance, track segregation, turn containment
ATC is not authorised to cancel:
a SID below MVA!
Speed restrictions – used for terrain separation and track containment
Text on SID plate.
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Standard Instrument
Departure
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PROCESSING OF A SID:
Delivery of SID: usually by the Tower on Clearance issue:
“Speedbird 624 cleared to Johannesburg via EGMAS, planned
route, EGMAS 1 departure Runway 26, Maintain 10000FT, squawk
code 3232, departure frequency 120.5”
Pilot will read back clearance in total including the SID.
The SID is programmed in the FMS or GPS system. Aircraft will fly
the lateral and vertical path adhering to any speed or altitude
constraints.
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EXCEPTIONS Sometimes a
TRANSITION is used where the SID serves multiple routes:
e.g. many routes north of FYWH
One SID can serve many routes with a transition from the SID waypoint to an enroute waypoint
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Standard Instrument
Departure with
Transitions
PROCESSING OF A SID WITH TRANSITIONS:
Delivery of SID: usually by the Tower on Clearance issue:
“Speedbird 624 cleared to Oomagulabi via NUTUBE, planned route,
Nanaimo eight departure Runway 34, NUTUBE Transition, Maintain
10000FT, squawk code 3232, departure frequency 120.5”
Pilot will read back clearance in total including the SID and
Transition.
The SID is programmed in the FMS or GPS system. Aircraft will fly
the lateral and vertical path adhering to any speed or altitude constraints.
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VECTORING OFF A SID AND
PHRASEOLOGIES: Due weather (CAUTION – must be at or ABV MVA!)
“NMB222, CANCEL SID track as required, clear of weather track
DCT EGMAS”
Due traffic (CAUTION – must be at or ABV MVA!)
“NMB222, CANCEL SID turn left/right heading xxx due traffic”
Not because a pilot wants to cancel the SID and do his own
thing!
Clear of traffic DCT to first enroute waypoint
“NMB222 RESUME OWN NAVIGATION, re-cleared DCT EGMAS”
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RADAR SID
Issue a heading for departure
Aircraft turns to assigned
heading at a certain altitude
Caters for terrain
requirements
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Standard Instrument Arrival
STAR:Standard Instrument Arrival (STAR). A designated instrument flight rule (IFR) arrival route linking a significant point, normally on an ATS route, with a point from which aa published instrument procedure can be commenced
Elements of a STAR:
Runway eg Runway 26
STAR Name: generally the name of the waypoint where the STAR leaves the ATS route some exceptions)
eg ATUPI or AXODA
STAR Identifier: a numeric or alpha numeric suffix after the SID name. SID are numbered from 1 to 9 then restart from 1 (can also have an alpha character associated with the SID)
eg ATUPI 1 or AXODA 1
(Reference is ICAO Annex 11 Appendix 3)
Lateral Path:
Described on a chart and coded into a navigation database
via a series of waypoints (ARINC 424 coding)
Vertical Path:
Described as a series of altitude constraints or requirements.
Work in conjunction with SID altitude constraints or
requirements
Speed limits:
A design requirement from ICAO DOC 8168 for airspace
containment, terrain avoidance, track segregation, turn
containment
ATC is not authorised to cancel speed restrictions on a STAR!
Text on STAR plate.
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Standard Instrument
Arrival
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PROCESSING OF A STAR:
Delivery of STAR: by the Enroute Controller on first contact but no later than 50NM prior to ToD (as a general rule):
“Speedbird 624” Star Clearance available
“GO ahead, Speedbird 624”
Speedbird 624 Star Cleaarance, ATUPI One Arrival Runway 26, when ready descend to FL250”
“ATUPI One arrival Runway 26 when ready descend to FL250, Speedbird 624”
Pilot will read back clearance in total including the STAR and Level if given.
The STAR is programmed in the FMS or GPS system. Aircraft will fly the lateral and vertical path adhering to any speed or altitude constraints.
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Review:
WHAT ARE SIDS AND STARS
COMMON ELEMENTS
CHARTS
PROCESSING OF SIDS AND STARS
VECTORING
PHRASEOLOGIES
Version 1.0: 15 September 2015
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