MODULE 4:SIDs and STARs

Slide <#> of

CONTENT:WHAT ARE SIDS AND STARS

COMMON ELEMENTS

CHARTS

PROCESSING OF SIDS AND STARS

VECTORING

PHRASEOLOGIES

OUTLINE

Objective: To understand SIDs and STARs and

their applications

Version 1.0 15 September 2015

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Standard Instrument Departure

SID:Standard instrument departure (SID). A designated instrument flight rule (IFR) departure route linking the aerodrome or a specified runway of the aerodrome with a specified significant point, normally on a designated ATS route, at which the en-route phase of a flight commences.

Elements of a (Procedural) SID:

Runway eg Runway 26

SID Name: generally the name of the waypoint where the SID joins the ATS route (some exceptions)

eg EGMAS or UTULO

SID Identifier: a numeric or alpha numeric suffix after the SID name. SID are numbered from 1 to 9 then restart from 1 (can also have an alpha character associated with the SID)

eg EGMAS 1 or UTULO 1

(Reference is ICAO Annex 11 Appendix 3)

Lateral Path:

Described on a chart and coded into a navigation database via a series of waypoints (ARINC 424 coding)

ATC is not authorised to cancel the SID below MVA

Vertical Path:

Described as a series of altitude constraints or requirements. Work in conjunction with STAR altitude constraints or requirements

Speed limits:

A design requirement from ICAO DOC 8168 for airspace containment, terrain avoidance, track segregation, turn containment

ATC is not authorised to cancel:

a SID below MVA!

Speed restrictions – used for terrain separation and track containment

Text on SID plate.

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Standard Instrument

Departure

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PROCESSING OF A SID:

Delivery of SID: usually by the Tower on Clearance issue:

“Speedbird 624 cleared to Johannesburg via EGMAS, planned

route, EGMAS 1 departure Runway 26, Maintain 10000FT, squawk

code 3232, departure frequency 120.5”

Pilot will read back clearance in total including the SID.

The SID is programmed in the FMS or GPS system. Aircraft will fly

the lateral and vertical path adhering to any speed or altitude

constraints.

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EXCEPTIONS Sometimes a

TRANSITION is used where the SID serves multiple routes:

e.g. many routes north of FYWH

One SID can serve many routes with a transition from the SID waypoint to an enroute waypoint

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Standard Instrument

Departure with

Transitions

PROCESSING OF A SID WITH TRANSITIONS:

Delivery of SID: usually by the Tower on Clearance issue:

“Speedbird 624 cleared to Oomagulabi via NUTUBE, planned route,

Nanaimo eight departure Runway 34, NUTUBE Transition, Maintain

10000FT, squawk code 3232, departure frequency 120.5”

Pilot will read back clearance in total including the SID and

Transition.

The SID is programmed in the FMS or GPS system. Aircraft will fly

the lateral and vertical path adhering to any speed or altitude constraints.

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VECTORING OFF A SID AND

PHRASEOLOGIES: Due weather (CAUTION – must be at or ABV MVA!)

“NMB222, CANCEL SID track as required, clear of weather track

DCT EGMAS”

Due traffic (CAUTION – must be at or ABV MVA!)

“NMB222, CANCEL SID turn left/right heading xxx due traffic”

Not because a pilot wants to cancel the SID and do his own

thing!

Clear of traffic DCT to first enroute waypoint

“NMB222 RESUME OWN NAVIGATION, re-cleared DCT EGMAS”

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RADAR SID

Issue a heading for departure

Aircraft turns to assigned

heading at a certain altitude

Caters for terrain

requirements

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Standard Instrument Arrival

STAR:Standard Instrument Arrival (STAR). A designated instrument flight rule (IFR) arrival route linking a significant point, normally on an ATS route, with a point from which aa published instrument procedure can be commenced

Elements of a STAR:

Runway eg Runway 26

STAR Name: generally the name of the waypoint where the STAR leaves the ATS route some exceptions)

eg ATUPI or AXODA

STAR Identifier: a numeric or alpha numeric suffix after the SID name. SID are numbered from 1 to 9 then restart from 1 (can also have an alpha character associated with the SID)

eg ATUPI 1 or AXODA 1

(Reference is ICAO Annex 11 Appendix 3)

Lateral Path:

Described on a chart and coded into a navigation database

via a series of waypoints (ARINC 424 coding)

Vertical Path:

Described as a series of altitude constraints or requirements.

Work in conjunction with SID altitude constraints or

requirements

Speed limits:

A design requirement from ICAO DOC 8168 for airspace

containment, terrain avoidance, track segregation, turn

containment

ATC is not authorised to cancel speed restrictions on a STAR!

Text on STAR plate.

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Standard Instrument

Arrival

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PROCESSING OF A STAR:

Delivery of STAR: by the Enroute Controller on first contact but no later than 50NM prior to ToD (as a general rule):

“Speedbird 624” Star Clearance available

“GO ahead, Speedbird 624”

Speedbird 624 Star Cleaarance, ATUPI One Arrival Runway 26, when ready descend to FL250”

“ATUPI One arrival Runway 26 when ready descend to FL250, Speedbird 624”

Pilot will read back clearance in total including the STAR and Level if given.

The STAR is programmed in the FMS or GPS system. Aircraft will fly the lateral and vertical path adhering to any speed or altitude constraints.

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Review:

WHAT ARE SIDS AND STARS

COMMON ELEMENTS

CHARTS

PROCESSING OF SIDS AND STARS

VECTORING

PHRASEOLOGIES

Version 1.0: 15 September 2015

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