Modern AfricaModern Africa

Unparalelled Unparalelled DestructionDestruction Much of

Europe, North Africa and East Asia lay in ruins.

Total war had destroyed cities, factories, railroads, homes – and lives.

The Decline of the The Decline of the Colonial PowersColonial Powers

And the Cold WarAnd the Cold War

AfricaAfrica Produced Many Produced Many Newly-Independent Nations Newly-Independent Nations

in a Very Short Timein a Very Short Time

British ColoniesBritish Colonies Were Some of Were Some of the First to Seek the First to Seek

Independence becauseIndependence becauseBritain felt hypocritical about Britain felt hypocritical about colonialism.colonialism.War left her weak and unable to afford War left her weak and unable to afford colonies.colonies.A New African educated middle class A New African educated middle class began to emerge in the cities.began to emerge in the cities.

GhanaGhana: First African : First African State to Gain State to Gain IndependenceIndependence

Kwame Nkrumah Led the Kwame Nkrumah Led the Former Gold CoastFormer Gold Coastto Independenceto Independence

Educated abroad. Schoolteacher. Preached

nonviolence. Used boycotts and

strikes. Ultimately

successful 1957.

Ghana today still needs to Ghana today still needs to modernizemodernize

Market inMarket in Kumasi.Kumasi. Sells shoes crafted from old automobile Sells shoes crafted from old automobile

tires. tires. Sprawls across 25 dusty acres in ancientSprawls across 25 dusty acres in ancient

Ashanti capital.Ashanti capital. One of the largest marketplaces in West One of the largest marketplaces in West

Africa. Africa.

KenyaKenya

Kenyan Independence: Kenyan Independence: 19631963

London educated London educated Jomo KenyattaJomo Kenyatta provided strong nationalist provided strong nationalist leadership.leadership.

Mau Mau RebellionsMau Mau Rebellions made up of made up of KikuyuKikuyu farmers weaken British settlers farmers weaken British settlers opposition.opposition.

Today famous athlete Today famous athlete opened school for opened school for

orphans orphans

Kip Keino, famed distance runner.Kip Keino, famed distance runner. Opened school for grades 1-8.Opened school for grades 1-8. Down road from his Baraka ("Blessing") Down road from his Baraka ("Blessing")

farm. farm. He and his wife, adopted more than 100 He and his wife, adopted more than 100

orphaned and abandoned children in past 30 orphaned and abandoned children in past 30 years. years.

The old BelgianThe old Belgian CongoCongo, , Formerly Formerly ZaireZaire,,

Faces Many Challenges Faces Many Challenges Today!Today!

Mobutu Sese SekoMobutu Sese Seko Ruled 1965-Ruled 1965-

1997.1997. Supported by Supported by

U.S.U.S. as Cold War ally. as Cold War ally.

Changed name Changed name toto Zaire. Zaire.

Left “a house Left “a house thatthat had been eaten had been eaten by by termites” termites” NYTimes.NYTimes.

Reign described Reign described in in 2002 2002 documentarydocumentary as an “African as an “African Tragedy.” Tragedy.”

Congo Makes Up for a LackCongo Makes Up for a Lackof Roads & Highwaysof Roads & Highways

Congo RiverCongo River barge carries hundreds of barge carries hundreds of passengers on its passengers on its 1000 mile journey from Kinshasa to Kisangani. 1000 mile journey from Kinshasa to Kisangani.

Many people travel on barges without shelter Many people travel on barges without shelter for asfor as long as a month, crowded together with their long as a month, crowded together with their belongings, livestock, furniture and wares for belongings, livestock, furniture and wares for sale.sale.

Today the Congo IsToday the Congo IsExperiencing Punishing Experiencing Punishing

War!War!

Michael Kamber for Michael Kamber for The New York TimesThe New York Times

About 5,000 people fleeing the ethnic warfare in About 5,000 people fleeing the ethnic warfare in and around Bunia, Congo, sought safety at a and around Bunia, Congo, sought safety at a camp on Monday. camp on Monday.

Death in the Congo!Death in the Congo!

The AllureThe AllureRich Mineral Resources:

Gold Diamonds Copper

Have Often Drawn ForeignExploitation.

Young Soldiers & a Young Soldiers & a VictimVictim

Child RebelsChild Rebels

A child fighter in a rebel group stands A child fighter in a rebel group stands watch with a U.N. armored vehicle in watch with a U.N. armored vehicle in Bunia, Congo, where there have been Bunia, Congo, where there have been reports of rape and cannibalism.reports of rape and cannibalism.

AlgeriaAlgeria French

settlers fought fiercely to keep Algeria a French colony.

DeGaulle realized after the war that France could not hold onto Algeria by force.

Independence came in 1962.

Africa: 2012Africa: 2012

South AfricaSouth Africa

Nelson Mandela jailed for 20 Nelson Mandela jailed for 20 years in his fight against years in his fight against

ApartheidApartheid

Lived to vote in the Lived to vote in the first racially democratic first racially democratic

electionelection

19941994

And Become President of And Become President of South AfricaSouth Africa

South African President Nelson Mandela, center, flanked by his two deputy presidents, Thabo Mbeki, left and F.W. de Klerk, right, celebrate the new constitution, May 8, 1996. (AP/WWP Photo Leon Muller)

Age-Group DifferencesAge-Group Differences

Less Developed Less Developed RegionsRegions

Global Water StressGlobal Water Stress

Share of Share of World’s World’s

GDPGDP

Bits Per Capita: An Bits Per Capita: An Information Revolution?Information Revolution?

using using ICTsICTs for social and economic for social and economic developmentdevelopment (Information and communication technologies) (Information and communication technologies)

All across AfricaAll across Africa

A Cyber Shepherd in A Cyber Shepherd in Senegal’s SahelSenegal’s Sahel

2004-04-152004-04-15PastoralistsPastoralists tracking wandering cattle tracking wandering cattle herds using cell phones and Global herds using cell phones and Global Positioning Systems. Positioning Systems.

South Africa: South Africa: Eco-tourism

Small tourist businesses operating Small tourist businesses operating out of the townships attracting out of the townships attracting customers from around the world customers from around the world by using the Internet.by using the Internet.

Mozambique stops Mozambique stops poaching with radiospoaching with radios

Healthcare in UgandaHealthcare in Uganda

A health care worker conducting a survey using a PDA. (SATELLIFE Photo: Mark Grabowsky)

Kony in UgandaKony in Uganda

Using children as soldiers