Transcript of MH SBI 4U (DNA) Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA is thought of as a “recipe for life” DNA is the...
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- MH SBI 4U
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- (DNA) Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA is thought of as a recipe for
life DNA is the nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions
that bring us to life Found in the nucleus of every cell in the
human body Four bases: A, T, C, G Our DNA is 99.9% identical 0.1 %
is different, 3 million base pairs
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- Dr. Alec Jeffreys Dr. Jeffreys discovered the use of DNA in
forensics Fingerprinting was the first method of evidence Searched
for a more accurate method DNA in forensic criminology is the use
of DNA to match a criminal to a crime scene Which was powerful
enough to implicate or eliminate a suspect
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- Southern Hybridization Method -Extracted DNA from evidence is
compared to DNA extracted from reference samples -Electrophoresis
-Negatively charged DNAs migrate towards the positive electrode
-Smaller DNA fragments move faster -Transferred to a nylon membrane
(like paper) -A single locus probe is a DNA or RNA sequence that is
able to hybridize with DNA from a specific restriction
fragmentation -Single locus probes are usually tagged with a
radioactive label for easy detection
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- We can extract DNA from almost everything Blood Hair Semen
Saliva Skin We call this evidence trace evidence May be enough
evidence to put someone away (Ex. taxi)
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- Murder at Rodman Dam, 1988 In July 1987, Randall Scott Jones
and Chris Reesh were target shooting (with.3-30 rifles) Truck got
stuck in a sandpit Found a couple sleeping in their truck, Matthew
Brock and Kelly Lynn Perry They ended up driving away with both
trucks What happened?
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- Bodies were found in a nearby forest (both shot) Kelly appeared
to have been sexually abused Warrant was issued by court Confessed
as soon as the DNA results were announced
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- DNA Databases First Type: Known DNA Second Type: Unknown
DNA
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- Combined DNA Index System (CODIS)
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- Wrongfully Accused Worked on freeing the wrongfully accused
Many were set free Saved from the death penalty Various speeches
all over the internet
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- Suspect #2
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- Pig Experiment Used to train forensic scientists who get
involved right away Pigs have similar skin to a human Used to build
their knowledge on the insects that decompose a body
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- Conclusion Using DNA in forensic criminology has helped the
justice system greatly Has sent/taken people to/from prison DNA
lasts forever We can improve on the time it takes to analyze
DNA
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- References _____. (1999). Forensic DNA. Retrieved from:
http://library.thinkquest.org/28599/courtroom.htmhttp://library.thinkquest.org/28599/courtroom.htm
Human Genome Project Information. (2009). DNA Forensics. Retrieved
from:
http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/elsi/forensics.shtml
http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/elsi/forensics.shtml
Nute, Dale. (1999). Advice about a Career in Forensic Science.
Retrieved from:
htpps://www.criminology.fsu.edu/faculty/nute/FScareers.html William
C. Thompson. (2008). The Potential for Error in Forensic DNA
Testing (and How That Complicates the Use of DNA Databases for
Criminal Identification). Retrieved from:
http://www.councilforresponsiblegenetics.org/pageDocuments/H4T5EOYUZI.pdf
http://www.councilforresponsiblegenetics.org/pageDocuments/H4T5EOYUZI.pdf
_____. (2010). Forensic DNA analysis in the identification of human
remains in mass graves. Retrieved from:
http://academicjournals.org/JCPFM/PDF/Pdf2010/Mar/Jakovski et
al.pdfhttp://academicjournals.org/JCPFM/PDF/Pdf2010/Mar/Jakovski et
al.pdf Advancing Criminal Justice Through DNA Technology. (2010).
History of Forensic DNA Analysis. Retrieved from:
http://www.dna.gov/basics/analysishistory
http://www.dna.gov/basics/analysishistory _____. (2008). Has DNA
testing led to significant improvements in the criminal justice
system?. Retrieved from:
http://deathpenalty.procon.org/view.answers.php?questionID=001189
http://deathpenalty.procon.org/view.answers.php?questionID=001189
CBC News Canada. (2010). Key events in the Bernardo/Homolka Case.
Retrieved from:
http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/story/2010/06/16/f-bernardo-homolka-timeline.html
http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/story/2010/06/16/f-bernardo-homolka-timeline.html
National Criminal Justice Reference Service. (2003). Forensic
Science. Retrieved from:
http://www.policyalmanac.org/crime/archive/forensic_science.shtml
http://www.policyalmanac.org/crime/archive/forensic_science.shtml
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. (2003). State of Florida vs. Jones
and Reesh, Murder at Rodman Dam, 1988. Retrieved from:
http://www.dnai.org/d/index.html?m=1,3
http://www.dnai.org/d/index.html?m=1,3 Federal Bureau of
Investigation. (2007). Combined DNA Index System (CODIS). Retrieved
from:
http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/lab/codishttp://www.fbi.gov/about-us/lab/codis
_____. (2001). What is DNA?. Retrieved from:
http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/ovc/publications/bulletins/dna_4_2001/dna2_4_01.htmlhttp://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/ovc/publications/bulletins/dna_4_2001/dna2_4_01.html
The Biology Project. (1996). DNA Forensics Problem Set 1. Retrieved
from:
http://www.biology.arizona.edu/human_bio/problem_sets/DNA_forensics_1/01t.html
http://www.biology.arizona.edu/human_bio/problem_sets/DNA_forensics_1/01t.html
Detective Ray Rikic ( Head of the Hamilton Forensics Police
Department)
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- Sites for Pictures
http://www.molecularstation.com/images/southern-blot.jpg
http://farm1.static.flickr.com/69/205471921_05b52359f6.jpg
http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/images/news/dnafingerprints.gif
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_6WSTYpSuKf0/SwxRK03FeWI/AAAAAAAAABw/ON7EJC
816Cs/s1600/SCANNER.jpg
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_6WSTYpSuKf0/SwxRK03FeWI/AAAAAAAAABw/ON7EJC
816Cs/s1600/SCANNER.jpg
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_DAgs4uhkNSE/SSH4bh9l6_I/AAAAAAAAABs/M_hpUBCt
NRw/s400/DNA+01.jpg
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_DAgs4uhkNSE/SSH4bh9l6_I/AAAAAAAAABs/M_hpUBCt
NRw/s400/DNA+01.jpg
http://bernews.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/dna_crime.jpg
http://www.newsnet14.com/images/Codis.jpg
http://www2.fbi.gov/hq/lab/lab2006/images/investigations2.jpg
http://merahjinggabiru.files.wordpress.com/2012/01/question-mark.jpg
http://www.uwindsor.ca/dailynews/2011-10-13/pig-experiment-chance-to-share-
forensic-knowledge-with-windsor-police-officers
http://www.uwindsor.ca/dailynews/2011-10-13/pig-experiment-chance-to-share-
forensic-knowledge-with-windsor-police-officers
http://www.gamepimpin.com/content/icons/csi-icon-1.jpg
http://www.georgetandy.com/evidence_low_resolution-blk-alpha.jpg