Post on 05-Apr-2018
8/2/2019 McInerney KM Intro General 10 02
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/mcinerney-km-intro-general-10-02 1/26
An Introduction to
Knowledge Management
8/2/2019 McInerney KM Intro General 10 02
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/mcinerney-km-intro-general-10-02 2/26
Objectives for this
sessionTo explore the history & theory ofKnowledge Management (KM)
To understand the controversiesaround KM
To learn about how KM programs are
implemented through different models
To discuss the ideas in the readings
8/2/2019 McInerney KM Intro General 10 02
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/mcinerney-km-intro-general-10-02 3/26
What is Knowledge
Management?
What are your ideas?What have you read?
What have you heard?
What do you imagine?
8/2/2019 McInerney KM Intro General 10 02
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/mcinerney-km-intro-general-10-02 4/26
One Perspective of KM
“KM [Knowledge Management]
involves blending a company’s
internal and external information andturning it into actionable knowledgevia a technology platform.”
Susan DiMattia and Norman Oder in Library Journal , September 15, 1997.
8/2/2019 McInerney KM Intro General 10 02
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/mcinerney-km-intro-general-10-02 5/26
Understanding KM
UnderstandingKnowledgeManagement requires
an understanding ofknowledge and theknowing process andhow that differs from
information andinformationmanagement.
8/2/2019 McInerney KM Intro General 10 02
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/mcinerney-km-intro-general-10-02 6/26
Classic Data to
Knowledge Hierarchy
Wisdom
Knowledge
Information
Data
8/2/2019 McInerney KM Intro General 10 02
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/mcinerney-km-intro-general-10-02 7/26
From Facts to Wisdom(Haeckel & Nolan, 1993)
one example of the hierarchy
Facts
Information
Intelligence
Knowledge
Wisdom
Less is
More
Volume
Completeness
Objectivity
Value
Structure
Subjectivity
8/2/2019 McInerney KM Intro General 10 02
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/mcinerney-km-intro-general-10-02 8/26
Knowledge Management
ModelsDocumentalist
Technologist
Learner & Communicator
8/2/2019 McInerney KM Intro General 10 02
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/mcinerney-km-intro-general-10-02 9/26
History of Information
Professionals as Knowledge
Managers
Knowledge management is a newbusiness strategy, but its techniquescan be traced to the work of
documentalists in the early part ofthe twentieth century.
8/2/2019 McInerney KM Intro General 10 02
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/mcinerney-km-intro-general-10-02 10/26
Documentalists as
Knowledge Managers
In Europe and America in the firstpart of the twentieth century,documentalists had grand visions of
collecting, codifying and organizingthe world’s knowledge for the
purpose of world peace.
8/2/2019 McInerney KM Intro General 10 02
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/mcinerney-km-intro-general-10-02 11/26
Information Professionals as
Knowledge ManagersThe documentalists were the original multimediaprofessionals.
Paul Otlet – began the International Federation forDocumentation. He wanted libraries to stop beingdepositories and to become more dynamic ininformation transfer.
Under the leadership of Otlet the Europeans notonly collected and codified documents, theydeveloped networks and worked to exchangeknowledge among people.
8/2/2019 McInerney KM Intro General 10 02
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/mcinerney-km-intro-general-10-02 12/26
Documentalists and
Special Librarians
Suzanne Briet, sometimes called
“Madame Documentation” drew thecomparison between American speciallibrarians and European documentalistsafter a visit to America in 1954.
8/2/2019 McInerney KM Intro General 10 02
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/mcinerney-km-intro-general-10-02 13/26
Briet & the Documentalists
“In Qu'est-ce que la documentation? Brietbrilliantly defined documents in terms ofindexical signs. In this, she was adopting an
argument that previous documentalists of her
time had suggested and which was present inthe cultural air, as she states, through
„linguists and philosophers,‟ surely in the formof structural linguistics and semiotics.”
Professor Ron Day in the Preface to Qu‟est-ce que ladocumentation?http://www.lisp.wayne.edu/~ai2398/briet.htm
8/2/2019 McInerney KM Intro General 10 02
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/mcinerney-km-intro-general-10-02 14/26
Caution
It would be a mistake,
though, to define KnowledgeManagement as solely thedomain of documents and
documentalists.
8/2/2019 McInerney KM Intro General 10 02
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/mcinerney-km-intro-general-10-02 15/26
KM as a Technological
SolutionIs KM
Big business?
A competitive advantage?
Intellectual capital?
An intranet solution?An asset dimension?
A technological infrastructure?
8/2/2019 McInerney KM Intro General 10 02
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/mcinerney-km-intro-general-10-02 16/26
Contentnets
have a role to play in KM
As knowledge repositories for tacit
knowledge that has been made explicitFor best practices databases
For expert “yellow pages”
Online learning and knowledge sharingKnowledge sharing “boards”
8/2/2019 McInerney KM Intro General 10 02
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/mcinerney-km-intro-general-10-02 17/26
Peoplenets &
Processnets
have a role to play in KMFor group learning applications
To connect individuals with each otherfor mentoring and knowledge sharing
For decision support & decision making
To sense, share, and respond to the“signals” coming from the environment
To capture ideas and turn them intoaction
8/2/2019 McInerney KM Intro General 10 02
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/mcinerney-km-intro-general-10-02 18/26
Caution
It would be a mistake,though, to define KnowledgeManagement as solely the KM
technology infrastructure.
8/2/2019 McInerney KM Intro General 10 02
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/mcinerney-km-intro-general-10-02 19/26
The Challenges of
Electronic Collaboration
in Knowledge Sharing
“Focusing exclusively on the technical issues
of electronic collaboration is a sure way to avery expensive failure.”
“A focus on the people issues dramatically
increases the potential for success.”
David Coleman, IBM Manager, San Francisco in Knowledge Management, a Real Business Guide, London: IBM, nd.
8/2/2019 McInerney KM Intro General 10 02
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/mcinerney-km-intro-general-10-02 20/26
The Learning and
Communication Process Model
Innovation is a way of life
Flexibility and the abilityto act quickly is
necessary in a changingenvironment
New projects can benefitfrom alliances andlearning from in-houseexperts and creativethinkers.
8/2/2019 McInerney KM Intro General 10 02
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/mcinerney-km-intro-general-10-02 21/26
KM: Learning and
Communication Process
In simple language KM is an effort tocapture not only explicit factualinformation but also the tacit information
and knowledge that exists in anorganization, usually based on theexperience and learning of individual
employees, in order to advance theorganization's mission. The eventualgoal is to share knowledge amongmembers of the organization.
8/2/2019 McInerney KM Intro General 10 02
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/mcinerney-km-intro-general-10-02 22/26
Value to
Organization
Organizational
Learning
Active Knowledge
Transfer
Expert KnowledgeBase
Contact Links
Expert Assistance asNeeded
Communities ofPractice Index
Decision MakingTools
Profiles forCustomization
Pushed Reports &News
Collaboration Tools
Repositories
Best Practices
Reports
Documents
Presentation Slides
Tips
8/2/2019 McInerney KM Intro General 10 02
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/mcinerney-km-intro-general-10-02 23/26
So…what is knowledge
management?“Knowledge management (KM) is an
effort to increase useful knowledge
within the organization. Ways to do thisinclude encouraging communication,offering opportunities to learn, and
promoting the sharing of appropriateknowledge artifacts.” McInerney, C. (2002). Knowledgemanagement and the dynamic natureof knowledge. JASIST, 53 (2).
8/2/2019 McInerney KM Intro General 10 02
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/mcinerney-km-intro-general-10-02 24/26
Some other key ideas
• Knowledge as a Social Value
• Knowledge artifacts
• Knowledge as an intellectualactivity & the mind/bodyconnection
• Common knowledge
• Process & things
• KM as a fad McInerney, C. (2002).Knowledgemanagement andthe dynamic natureof knowledge.
8/2/2019 McInerney KM Intro General 10 02
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/mcinerney-km-intro-general-10-02 25/26
“Processing data can beperformed by machine, but only
the human mind can processknowledge or even information.”
Jesse Shera in Machlup and Mansfield‟s
The Study of Information: Interdisciplinary
Messages . NY: Wiley, 1983.
8/2/2019 McInerney KM Intro General 10 02
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/mcinerney-km-intro-general-10-02 26/26
For more information
ASIS KM Websitehttp://www.asis.org/SIG/sigkm/index.html
Brint.com Knowledge Portal
http://www.brint.com/ym.html
Knowledge Management Research Center
http://www.cio.com/research/knowledge/
Karl-Erik Sveiby and Knowledge Associates
http://www.sveiby.com.au/ University of Arizona
http://www.cmi.arizona.edu/research/kno_mgmt/