Managing the Mandate:The ARCS Model

Gaining Attention

Michael Simonson, Ph.D.Program Professor

Instructional Technology and Distance EducationFischler School

x8563simsmich@nova.edu

www.nova.edu/~simsmich

Agenda

IntroductionInstructional Technology & The

Faculty – what is it?Some Basic Assumptions

Visual LiteracyCone of ExperienceCognitive DomainRole of the Teacher

ARCS Model and Examples

www.tresystems.com

“The theory and practice of design, development, utilization, management and evaluation of

(systematic) processes and resources for learning.”

Instructional Technology

COMPONENTSCOMPONENTS OF OF INSTRUCTIONAL INSTRUCTIONAL

TECHNOLOGYTECHNOLOGY

• Things/Devices

• People

• Processes

“The best current evidence is that media are mere vehicles that deliver instruction but do not influence student achievement any more than the truck that delivers our groceries causes changes in our nutrition.”

Richard Clark

Visual LiteracyVisual Literacy

We learn by:

We remember from:

Hearing 11%

Seeing 83%

Hearing 20%

Seeing (& Hearing) 50-70%

People retain when exposed one time... 10% of what they read 20% of what they hear 30% of what they see 50% of what they see and hear 70% of what they say as they talk 90% of what they say as they perform a task

Learning through Media, cont'd

We communicate at the rate of ... 25 WPM by writing 125 WPM by speaking 200 WPM by hearing 250 WPM by reading 600WPM by thinking

The average person's span of attention is 1.9 minutes.

People retain when exposed one time... 10% of what they read 20% of what they hear 30% of what they see 50% of what they see and hear 70% of what they say as they talk 90% of what they say as they perform a task

Learning through Media, cont'd

We communicate at the rate of ... 25 WPM by writing 125 WPM by speaking 200 WPM by hearing 250 WPM by reading 600WPM by thinking

The average person's span of attention is 1.9 minutes.

People retain when exposed one time... 10% of what they read 20% of what they hear 30% of what they see 50% of what they see and hear 70% of what they say as they talk 90% of what they say as they perform a task

Learning through Media, cont'd

We communicate at the rate of ... 25 WPM by writing 125 WPM by speaking 200 WPM by hearing 250 WPM by reading 600WPM by thinking

The average person's span of attention is 1.9 minutes.

How we learn:

1% Through taste

2% Through touch

3% Through smell

11% Through hearing

83% Through sight

How we learn:

1% Through taste

2% Through touch

3% Through smell

11% Through hearing

83% Through sight

ATOMIC ENERGY

Bloom's Taxonomy of Educational Objectives

1. Knowledge 2. Comprehension 3. Application 4. Analysis 5. Synthesis 6. Evaluation

Edgar Dale's Cone of Experience

Verbal Symbols

Visual Symbols

Radio and Recordings

Still Pictures

Motion Pictures: Edited Mediated Reality

Educational Television: Real Time, Mediated Reality

Exhibits: Edited Reality

Study Trips, Viewing Reality

Demonstrations: Learner Becomes a Spectator

Dramatized Experiences: Involving, Qualitative

Contrived Experiences: Representation of Reality

Direct Purposeful Experiences: Multisensory, Highly Qualitative

XII

XI

X

IX

VIII

VII

VI

V

IV

III

II

I

Symbolizing

Observing

Doing Least Abstract

Most Abstract

Teacher-Chef as Skeuomorph

ARCS – John Keller

Attention

Relevance

Confidence

Satisfaction

Chunking of Information

Pre-Chunking Post- Chunking

Attention Strategies

Incongruity/Conflict

Concreteness

Variability

Humor

Inquiry

Participation

Trigger Films

Teaching professionalism with the aid of trigger films.

Ber R, Alroy G.

Department of Medical Education, B Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel. rosalieb@technion.ac.il

Accessing the living laboratory: trigger films as an aid to developing, enabling, and assessing anesthesia clinical instructors.

Hartland W, Biddle C, Fallacaro M.

Department of Nurse Anesthesia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va., USA

Examples

• Advanced Applications Introduction

• Leadership – Patton

• Professional Growth – Miracle

• Eisenhower

• Shufflin’ Chef

Assignment

• Identify one strategy you use to establish attention, explain this strategy and email your strategy and explanation to Mike Simonson at:

simsmich@nova.edu