LE/ES Science Regents: Processing the 7 Types of

Science Diagrams

Gary CarlinScience Inst Specialistgcarlin@schools.nyc.gov

(917) 714 – 7448 (718) 828-5943

CFN 603

Understanding Diagrams• 1. Compare & Contrast

• 2. Before & After

• 3. Representational

• 4. Parts

• 5. Step-by-Step

• 6. Flow Chart

• 7. Complete Process

or 1-Picture Story

Living Environment Diagrams

Earth Science Diagrams

Chemistry Diagrams

Compare & Contrast (N-D-P-D)

Part Names

(in the “In Between Area”)

Part Descriptions (shading, shape, size, location in the “Surrounding Area”)

Presence (+/-)

(Box Below Left)

Difference (+/+)

(Box Below Right)

Wall

Membrane

Cytoplasm

EPR

Nucleus

Chloroplasts

Vacuole

Mitochondria

1. 2.

Round Shape Square Shape

Green

RigidFlexible

Nucleus Center

Presence (+/-)Chloroplasts (2)Wall (2)Centrioles (1)

DifferencesVacuole: small/many-- large fewNucleus: center – off centerShape: round -- rectangle

Terrestrial Planets

Core42% Volume

HighDensity(Iron)

Highest Eccentricity

Smallestplanet Similar to

Earth

CO2atmosphere

Partially liquid

Hot, noPlateTectonicsNo magneticfield

O2, Na, H Atmosphere

1. 2.

Size of Mantle and CoreAtmosphereSimilarity to EarthEccentricityMagnetic Field

Before & After

Part Names

(if not already done)

Differences

Unknown(s)

(label)

Explanation(s)

1. 2.

Oxygen7/2

Water6/6

Protein0/7

MoreOxygenInside ofCell5/4

Explanation: The concentration of oxygen is greater outside of the cell so it willdiffuse into the cell. (Protein molecules stay within the cell because they are toolarge to diffuse out of the cell. The water concentration is at equilibrium.)

Seven Stars A-GConstellation: Ursa MajorBig Dipper - Plough

Location of Stars – Change?:Dubhe, Merak, Phecda, Megrez, Alioth, Mizar, Alkaid

5 of the stars of the Big Dipper are the core of the Ursa Major Moving Group. The two ends are not part of the swarm, and are moving in the opposite direction. This will slowly change the Dipper's shape, with the bowl opening up and the handle becoming more bent. In 50,000 years the Dipper will no longer exist as we know it, but be re-formed into a new Dipper facing the opposite way.

Representational

Part Description

(color, shape, size)

Part Name

Arrangement Explanation

(model/process)

Arrangement:

Two Alternating Phosphate and Sugar strands that are cross connected by pairs of matching Nitrogen Bases (G-C, A-T)

WhiteRectangle

BlackRectangle

PointedFlag

FishtailFlag

Ice creamStick

CigarCutter

NitrogenBases

Sugar

PhosphateExplanation:Provides code for production of specific proteins (characteristics)

Large circle withTwo small circles

Cube

Irregularshape

Water moleculesAttach to surfaceof salt and dust particles

Water molecules will combine with tiny particles of dust, salt, and smoke in the air to form cloud droplets, which grow and develop into clouds and form of water we can see.

Parts

Part Name Location

Structure Function

PelvicRegion

Oviduct Placenta

Ovary

Uterus

Vagina

Amnion

BetweenRectum and

BladderStructure:Placenta embeds into the walls of the uterus and embryo is enclosed in a fluid filled membrane.

Function:Food and wastes diffuse across the placenta and travel through the umbilical cord to support the growth and development of the fetus in the uterus.

The experimental apparatus consists of a tall pendulum free to oscillate in any vertical plane. The direction along which the pendulum swings rotates with time because of Earth's daily rotation.

Pendulum Pail with pendulumon a stool that can bespunStool that can

be turned

Step-by-Step

Label Parts

(if not already done)

Identify Action/Change

d1-d2 d2-d3

d3-d4 d4-d5

Identify Process(es) State Explanation(s)

Process:Enzymatic BreakdownHydrolysis

Enzyme

Substrate

Enzyme-Substrate Complex

Substrate fits into Enzyme

E-S Complex breaks down substrate into 2 parts

Explanation:Enzymes are specific for the substrate they work on. The substrate fits into the enzymes active site and undergoes hydrolysis (or can be joined by dehydration synthesis).

Atoms(undecayed)

Decayed Atom

Half Life: Amount of time it takes for half of the atoms in a sample to decay and is constant over the whole life of the decay

Half the atoms have decayed

Time interval is the same

Flow Chart

Words in Boxes Words in/on/by Arrows

Action(s)/Outcome(s) Main Idea

(in a sentence)

Boxes:HumansTechnologyConsumptionPopulation GrowthEquilibrium in Ecosystems

Arrows:Modify ecosystems through …Disrupts …

Outcome:Ecosystem is not in equilibrium

Main Idea:Technology, consumption, and population growth can cause negative changes in an ecosystem so it can no longer maintain its equilibrium.

Weathering, Expansion, Atmospheric GasHydrolysis, Carbonation, Abrasion, etc. Major type

InvolvesCaused byCombines withCausing

Break down ofRocks breakdown of rocks and soils through direct contact with atmospheric conditions or chemicals

Weathering of rocks is necessary to produce soil and determines the mineral content of the soil

1-Picture Story

Label Parts Number & Describe Actions/Events

Overall Outcome Next/Variable

Test Tube

Beaker

Water

Elodea

Funnel

Oxygen 1. Elodea uses light to carry out photosynthesis

2. Photosynthesis produces oxygen as a byproduct and is released into the water

3. Oxygen bubbles rise to the top of the test tube and collects

Outcome:In the process of photosynthesis plants use light energy, carbon dioxide and water to produce glucose and oxygen in the chloroplasts.

Variable/Next:Test gas in test tube with a glowing splint. If it is oxygen then splint will burn bright.

Limestone

Shale

1. Water from stream flows over rock.

2. Water carries sediments suspendedIn water or roll on stream bed

3. Sediment particles erode bedrock and become smaller andsmoother and deposit (rock cycle).

-rock type-streamvelocity-amount of water-width ofstream-winding & straight