Post on 16-Jul-2020
RemTechExpo, Ferrara, 19 September 2018
Jaworzno case study in Poland - Bioreactive barrier and pollution spread pattern in groundwater
Beata Kończak| Central Mininig Institute| Katowice, Poland
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LINDANE PRODUCTION AND USE
For each tonne of Lindane produced -
8-10 tonnes of HCH-waste has been
produced
HCH residuales in France (2.11.1972) (Public Prosecutor of Canton Basel-Stadt),
Lindane products
Photo : Vijgen J. (2006), The legacy if isomer HCH production
Photo : www.southernliving.com
Lindane, also known as gamma-
hexachlorocyclohexane (γ-HCH),
gammaxene, Gammallin has been
used both as an agricultural
insecticide and as a pharmaceutical
treatment for lice and scabies
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ONE OF THE SEVEN MOST IMPORTANT
“HOT SPOTS” IN THE BALTIC SEA BASIN
POLAND
Jaworzno
VISTULA RIVER
Baltic
HOT SPOT
Przemsza
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„RUDNA GÓRA” CENTRAL WASTE LANDFILL
• About 200 thousand tones of dangerous waste
recorded up to now
• Mainly HCH isomeres, but also organic solvents
and other pesticides (tetradifon, heptachlor,DDX)
• Landfill leachates contaminate groundwater
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KEY SOURCES OF CONTAMINANTS
K Field: mining and
chemical waste
"Rudna Góra"
Central Waste
Landfill (CSO)
The area of Organika-Azot
factory
Decommissioning of
production and storage
buildings
B Filed:
Slag and sludges
containing cyanides
A Field: mining and
chemical waste
Lindane
storage NAPL
storage
trenches
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PROJECT FOKS: FOCUS ON KEY
SOURCES OF ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS
The main goals of the project were identify the key pollution sources, assess
environmental risks, create tools to help select the technology that would stop
emission of contaminants, and to development of remediation concept.
REMEDIATION CONCEPT
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1 CSO
1. Main CSO
4. Internal CSO
5. North CSO
6. LSN, LSS
7. Pool of NAPLs
SOUTH AND NORTH PLUME OF HCH
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COMPARISION OF RESULTS
2018 2010
Southern plume:
Lindane and
Tech-grade HCH
Northern plume:
Persistent bHCH
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REMEDIATION FOKS CONCEPT
Legend:
pump&treat system
bioreactive barrier
impermeable bentonite
barrier
The remediation concept is based on the deliverables from FOKS investigations.
Elimination of key sources will
be preceded by:
– cutting off the pathway of
contaminants,
– elimination of contaminant
emission from key sources.
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AMIIGA - Integrated Approach to Management of
Groundwater quality In functional urban Areas
Step 2a
• supplement the existing monitoring data with new information from sampling campaigns
Step 3
• building a numerical model of the site
Step 2b
• implementation of passive groundwater treatment system
• adaption of FOKS tools
• acquisition and store of different data Step 1
development of assumptions to the groundwater
management plan with involvement of Regional
Implementation Group Step 4
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SAMPLING CAMPAIGNS
1st campaign: June 2017r.
2nd campaign: June 2018r.
• samples of groundwater:
chemical, microbiological
and isotope analysis
• samples of trees:
alder, birch, pine, maple,
poplar, oak – chemical
analysis
www.gratefultreesandbees.com
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COMPARISION OF RESULTS
IPT wells-sum of HCH(ug/l)
< 12,5
12,5-25
25-35
35-140
140-235
235-525
> 525
2010 2017
SUM OF HCH (µg/l)
FOKS PROJECT AMIIGA PROJECT
decreasing
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COMPARISION OF RESULTS – IPT LINE
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CONCENTRATION OF SOLVENTS – 2017/18
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PLUMES OF HCH
QGis – MOVING AVERAGE METHOD EMPIRICAL METHOD
ArcGis – CRACING TECHNIQUE TREES RESULTS
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RESULTS - NEW PIEZOMETERS ON THE OUTSKIRTS
OF JAWORZNO SITE
ORGANIKA AZOT
FACTORY
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PASSIVE SAMPLING – BMTs ANALYSIS
DURATION TIME: 05.06.2017r.-28.11.2017r.
BMT methods (PCR, qPCR) were used:
• to describing microbial consortia at
pilot site,
• for quantification of the level of
specific genes (denitrifying bacteria -
nirK gene, sulfate-reducing bacteria -
dsrA gene, anaerobic organohalide
respiration bacteria – Dsb gene and
vinyl chloride (VC) reductase vcrA).
• for quantification of the level of
specific enzymes for HCH
biodegradation (linA, linB, linD),
• to evaluate potentials for natural
attenuation and/or enhanced
biodegradation.
Photo: Magda Nechanicka, Iva
Dolinova, Denisa Vlkova, PP5 Photo: Beata Kończak
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RESULTS OF BMT ANALYSIS
Samples from the waste collection area and confirmed high HCH degraders’ abundance
Jaworzno site have the potential for natural bioremediation of HCH
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BIOBARRIER PROJECT
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BIOBARRIER – PREPARATION OF BACTERIA
INOCULUM
• Bacillus cereus,
• Pseudomonas mucidolens,
• Pseudomonas putida A,
• Paenibacillus polymyxa,
• Pseudomonas putida,
• Enterobacter cancerogens.
INOCULUM: Control –
day 0
Control –
day 7
Sample –
day 0
Sample –
day 7
HCH isomers
% o
f degra
dati
on
~15% of HCH degradation though biodegradation in 7 days
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BIOBARRIER – SELECTION OF SORBENTS
It was measured:
• pH, conductivity, ORP,
• HCH concentration
• flow velocity, pore volumes
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CONSTRUCTION OF BIOBARRIER
BB1 BB2 BB3 BB3/4
BB4
BB4/5 BB5
BB6
Influent
Efffluent
Enchancement
with microbial
inocula
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CONSTRUCTION OF BIOBARRIER
Construction period: 10.2017 – 02.2018
Monitoring period: 05.2018 – 08.2018
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MONITORING OF BIOBARRIER WORKING
absorption
biodeg.
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MONITORING OF BIOBARRIER WORKING
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MONITORING OF BIOBARRIER WORKING
The growth of autochthonous
bacteria (summer time, good
conditions for growth)
The decrease in
number of bacteria
population after
the contact with
iron chips
Inoculation
The decrease in
numer of
bateria after
the leakage
The uncontrol
inflow from
other site
Re-inoculation
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Beata Kończak
Central Mining Institute, Departament of Water Protection
CE32 AMIIGA Project
+48 32 259 26 28
bkonczak@gig.eu
www.interreg-central.eu/amiiga
THANK YOU FOR ATTENTION!