Post on 21-Jan-2016
description
ITEP-TWAC Status and FAIR-Related Activity
N.N.Alexeev, B.Ju.Sharkov
Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics
Moscow, Russia
R-ECFA 2009
Contents of report
• Introduction• ITEP-TWAC Layout• Operation parameters• Accelerator technologies and machine development• FAIR- related activity • Conclusion
ITEP Accelerator Facility (Brief history of construction)
1958-1961 - construction of 7 GeV proton synchrotron U-7 with 5 MeV Van de Graaf (Electrostatic) Injector
1967 - construction of 25 MeV linear injector I-2
1973 - reconstruction of the U-7 lattice for the machine energy increase up to 10 GeV, accelerator gets hew name U-10
1985 - new project of machine reconstruction was started for heavy ions acceleration, but it was not finished and terminated in 1989
1997-2003 - proton synchrotron U-10 was reconstructed to proton-ion accelerator-accumulator facility ITEP-TWAC
2004-200х – ITEP-TWAC in operation for research and applications, optimization of machine parameters, extending of its functional potentialities
Booster Synchrotron UKm Hz
,13 Т , 20
Proton beam for m edical
application
Synchrotron U-10m34 Т
P ro to n In je c to r I -2 M e V m A, 2 5 . 2 0 0
Laser IonsourceZn ,U
,С ,Al ,Со ,4+ 10+ 17+ 20+ 29+
Channel o f m ultiple injrction UK /U -10
Internal target beam s and slow extracted beam s
sup to G eV
р , , ,K ,С ,
10 -10 1/ , 10
p р Fe, ...U6 11Channel o f Fast
Extraction ,~10 , 0,7 ,
100 /100
1 3 GeV/ukJ ns
Internal target beam s and slow extracted beam s
sup to G eV
р , , ,K ,С ,
10 -10 1/ , 3
p р Fe, ...U6 11
Ionguide I-3/UK
Ion Injector I-3M eV/u
, 1-2
Ion beam for m edical
application
Ion Injector I-4M eV/u mA
, 7 ,100
Big Experim ental Hall
Target Hall
Hall of biological research
L L20 5
L100
ITEP Accelerator Facility
Ring Accelerators of ITEP-TWAC Facility
Accelerator-accumulator U-10Booster synchrotron UK
Development of ITEP-TWAC infrastructure
Big Experimental Hall
Areas of slow extracted beams from
U10 Ring
Target hall
Building for biological research and proton therapy
Areas of secondary beams from U10 Ring
Stand for radiation treatment of materials with
high intensity beams
Здание инжектора И-2
Здание ионных инжекторов
Stand for radiation treatment of patterns with
25 MeV beam of I-2
Area of fast extracted beam
Area of fast extracted beam from UK and
U10 Rings
Area of fast extracted beam from UK Ring
Area of slow extracted beam
10 m
Mode of operation Accelerators Beam energy, MeV/u
Regime of beam extraction
Proton acceleration I-2
I-2/U-10
I-2/UK
25
up to 230
up to 3000
up to 9300 up to 3000 (9300)
up to 3000
pulse, 10 /s, 200 mA
medical extraction, 200 ns, 1011c-1
fast extraction, 800 ns, 5x1011c-1
internal target, 1s
slow extraction, 1s
fast and slow extraction, 0,5s
Ion acceleration, С, Al, Fe, Ag
(Mg,Si,Ti,V,Cr,Cu,Zn)
(Pb,Bi,U)
I-3/UK
I-3/UK/U-10
1,5 – 400
50 - 4000
fast extraction, 800 ns, С(2x109), Al(5x108), Fe(2.5x108), Ag(2x107)
slow extraction, 0,5s
internal target, 1s, slow extraction, 1s
Nuclei accumulation, С, Al,Fe, I-3/UK/U-10
200-300
700-1000fast extraction with compression to 150 ns, continue extraction of stacking beam
ITEP-TWAC Operation Parameters
Operation time of ITEP-TWAC Facility in 2008 is 4306 hours:
2420 h - proton acceleration ,
1322 h – carbon nuclei accumulation at the energy of 200-300 MeV/u,
564 h – Fe nuclei accumulation and slow extraction at the energy of 165 MeV/u.
Statistic of ITEP-TWAC operation
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000 hours
2005 2006 2007 2008
28803088
3936
4306
Total Acceleration of protons
Acceleration of ions up to relativistic energy
Accumulation of nuclei
1704
276
828
2120
366440
2454
640
924
2420
1980
4300
1830
490
2009
Accelerator operation time for different research fields
Research fields with proton and ion beams
Beams
Accelerator operation time, (hours)
2008 2009 Require-ments
Adron physics and relativistic nuclear physics
р (2-9 ГэВ, 1011с-1) He, С,Al …(4 ГэВ/н, 108с-1)
828 600 1000
Methodical research р (1-9 ГэВ, 1011с-1) С(0,2-4 ГэВ/н, 108с-1)
2432 2100 2000
Physics of high density energy in matter С, Al,Fe…, Zn(300-700 МэВ/н, 4х1010с-1)
320 350 500
Radiobiology and medical physics р (250 МэВ, 1011с-1) С (200-800 МэВ/н, 109 с-1) 2350 2150
3000Proton therapy р (250 МэВ, 1011с-1)
Ion therapy С (200-800 МэВ/н, 109 с-1) 0 0
Radiation treatment of materials р (25-800 МэВ, 1011с-1) Fe,Ag,Bi,U (40-200 МэВ/н,
109 с-1)
858 1100 >2000
TOTAL 6788 6300 >8500
Progress in ITEP-TWAC beam parameters(2006-2009)
2006 Reached to 2009 Expected to
2010 Plans
Accelerated particles С4+27Al10+, 56Fe16+, 109Ag19+ up to U29+ (2011)
Stacked particles С6+ Al13+, Fe26+ up to Zn30 (2010)Repetition rate, Hz 0.3 0.5 1 (2012)Energy of beam stacking, MeV/u 200 400 500 700 (2012)Intensity of UK synchrotron (for С4+ ions) 109 2x109 3x109 >1010 (2010)Beam momentum spread, % 0.05 0.04 0.03 <0.03Efficiency of charge exchange injection, % ~50 ~60 ~80 ~100Dynamic aperture of U-10 ring, mm mrad
7 12 15-20 50
Efficiency of beam stacking, % >80 >90 ~100Life time of stacked beam, с 200 >250 >500Beam stacking factor 70 100 200Intensity of stacked beam (С6+)
3x1010 5x1010 >1011>1012 (2011)
~1013 (2012-13)Compressed bunch width, ns 150 120 100 70-50Power of stacked beam, Вт
1х108 3х108 ~109>1010 (2011)
1011 (2012-13)
Accelerator technologies for ITEP-TWAC modernization in progress
Advancement of high efficient charge exchange injection technique for high intensity heavy ion beam stacking
Development of laser ion source technology for high current and high charge heavy ion beams generation
Construction of high current RFQ linac for ion injector
Elaborations in the field of beam diagnostic and computer control
Development of high current beam compression technique
Development of plasma lens technique for sharp focusing of high density heavy ion beam on the target
Experimental studying of charge dominated beam dynamics
L100
L10(20) L5
Target High voltage platform
Plasma torch
Ion beam
Laser beam
Mirrors
Wavelength, 10,6
Pulse energy, J 5/100/20
Pulse duration, ns 100/100/20
Power density at target spot 5x1011/1013/1013 W/cm2
Max. repetition rate, Hz 0,5 /1/1
Operational resource ~106
Development of laser ion source technology New scheme of LIS with set of lasers L5, L10 and L100
Laser L100
The Fe and Ag beams at the LIS100 output
Charge states of Fe-beam at the LIS output The current of Fe16+ and Ag19+ beams
Total current of Fe-beam
at the LIS output
4 mA
70 mA
Pulse of electrons and ions from residual gas, initiated by laser spot
on the target
Current of Fe16+ ions
8 s
Ag20+Ag20+
Ag19+Ag18+
Ag17+
3 mA
50 mATotal current of Ag-beam
at the LIS output
Current of Ag19+
ions
Charge states of Ag-beam at the LIS output
6 s
s
5 s
Construction of high current RFQ ion injector
RFQ resonator on 1,6 MeV/u with model electrodes
Resonator type RFQ IH
RF, MHz 81.36 162.72
RF pulse width, µs 50 50
Quality factor 14000 40000
Length, m 6.3 6.1
Input energy, MeV/u 0.02 1.57
Output energy , MeV/u 1.57 7.0
Max spread of energy, % ±1.3 ±0.5
Z/A 0.3
Max beam current, mA 100 mA
Beam transmission, % 90 100
Project parameters of ion injector I4
Development of multiple charge-exchange injection technique for stacking of heavy ions
The ion accumulation is based on the charge-exchange injection with using a fast bump system for minimising the stacked beam perturbation over penetrating through the stripping foil material. Schematic layout of the beam trajectory at injection are shown in Fig. The deflection of the beam in the septum magnet SMG at injection is 98 mrad, the maximum field is 1.2 T. This magnet steers the injected beam to the centre of the stripping foil of 10x20 mm size, which is placed in the vacuum chamber of the F505 with a displacement of 20 mm from the ring equilibrium orbit. The fast bump system matching of both injected and circulating beams includes three kicker magnets installed in the short straight sections after of the magnets F411, F511 and F711. The first kicker magnet gives the kick of 3 mrad deflecting the stacked beam to the stripping foil at a moment when the injected beam is passing through the transfer line. The two beams, becoming one after passing through the stripping foil, are set to the ring closed orbit downwards by the kicker magnets in straight sections of F511 and F711. The foil material is mylar with the thickness of 5 mg/cm2, that yields >90% of bare carbon ions with projectile energy of >50 MeV/amu.
Beams trajectories at injection
Injecting beam crosses stripping foil Accelerated and stacked beams
Stripping foil signal
Injected beamInjected beam stacked with accumulated beam
Beam in booster UK before ejection
40 с
100 с
The stairs of C6+-beam stacking in the U10 ring
Development of beam longitudinal compression technique
The stacked beam longitudinal compression is fulfilled with the 10 kV accelerating resonator which is used also with low voltage (~1 kV) for the beam keeping at the process of its accumulation. Due to the Non-Liouvillian saving of the longitudinal phase space for the stacking beam at multiple charge exchange injection, the particle density seems to be maximal after compression and the grade of compression depends on a beam forming in the booster synchrotron at its acceleration and ejection. Result of beam compression up to the pulse width of 150 ns is illustrated on Fig.
F501
D412D502
F503
D504 F505
BM3/4/5/6/7/8
SM2
SMG
U10 extraction kicker magnet Septum magnet
Stripping target
Extracted beam
150 ns
1V/50 mA
Fast extraction system of U-10 Ring
Stacked bunch envelope at compression before ejection
Compressed bunch width Beam stacking and fast ejection
180 mA
Ion beam
pumping
scintillator200 MeV/amu C6+
scintillatormirror
CCD
plasma
The beam spot was observed using a quartz scintillator. The emitted scintillator light was monitored using CCD
framing photography.
Development of plasma lens technology for sharp focusing of heavy ion beam
Frame images taken at d=50 mm show that the spot size has been reduced approximately by a factor of 60 to about 350 μm (FWHM) from its initial value of 20mm.
The lens parameters were as follows: capacitance – 24 μF, discharge current - 150 kA, current half-wave – 5 μs , argon pressure - 3 mbar. Ion beam current pulse length – (150-800) ns.
350 μm
1mm
20 mm
First results of C6+ ion beam focusing
Focused Ion Beam at the output of plasma lens
Ion beam at the input of plasma lens
FAIR – Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research
GSI GmbH FAIR GmbH+
CN DE ES FI FR GB GR IN IT PL RO RU SE
8 years and 1187 Million € later
Observers
Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research - FAIR- FAIR
Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research
Key parameters of accelerators and cooler/storage rings
Accelerators Bending power, Tm
Beam energy Specific features
UNILAC Linac 11.4 MeV/u U28+ Three steps acceleration of U+4,(16,5 emA, 100µs, 2.6x1012, 2.2 keV/u), with stripping to U+28, 15 emA, 100µs, 3.3x1011,
SIS18 18 196 MeV/u U28+ Ramping rate 10 T/s, 3x1011 ions per pulse, 5x10-11 mbar operating vacuum
Synchrotron SIS100 100 2.7 GeV/u U28+
29 GeV protons
Fast pulsed superferric magnets up to 2 T, 4 T/s, 5x1011 ions per pulse, bunch compression to 50 ns, fast and slow extraction, 5x10-11 mbar operating vacuum
Synchrotron SIS300 300 34 GeV/u U92+ Pulsed super-coducting magnets up to 6 T, 1 T/s, 3x1011 slow extraction with high duty cycle, 5x10-12 mbar operating vacuum
Collector Ring CR 13 700 MeV/u, A/q=2.7, 3 GeV antiproton
Acceptance for antiprotons 240x240 mm mrad, p/p=3%, fast stochastic cooling of radioactive ions and antiprotons, mass spectrometer for short-lived nuclei
New Experimental Storage Ring NESR
13 700 MeV/u, A/q=2.7, 3 GeV antiproton
Electron cooling of radioactive ions with up to 450 keV electron beam, precision mass spectrometer, accumulation and stochastic cooling for antiprotons, internal target experiments with atoms and electrons, electron-nucleus scattering facility
High Energy Storage Ring HESR
50 0.8-14.5 GeV antiproton
Up to 4x1010 stored pbar, stochastic cooling of antiprotons 3-14.5 GeV, electron cooling of antiprotons 0.8-8 GeV.
• Participation of Russia in Project of International Scientific Centre FAIR at the GSI Laboratory, Darmstadt, Germany
• Elaboration and construction of components for FAIR accelerators • • 1. SC magnets for SIS-100 ОИЯИ, ВНИИНМ, ИЯФ Будкера • 2. SC quadrupoles for SIS-300 ИФВЭ, ВНИИНМ
• 3. Magnet components for RF systems ИТЭФ, МРТИ • 4. Beam diagnostic system ИТЭФ, НИИЭФА им.Ефремова • 6. Electron cooling systems ИЯФ им.Будкера СО РАН
• 8. P-linac, beam dynamics, radiation safety ИТЭФ,
• Elaboration and construction of detectors for FAIR experiments
• 1. Project «СВМ»(Compressed Barion Matter) ИТЭФ, ОИЯИ, ИЯИ, ПИЯФ, ЦКБМ-С.П.б.• • 2. Detector PANDA ИФВЭ, ИЯФ им.Будкера СО РАН, ОИЯИ ,КИАЭ,
ИТЭФ, ПИЯФ
• 3. Project SFRS (Super FRagment Separator) КИАЭ , ОИЯИ
• 4. High density energy in matter ИТЭФ, ИТЭС ОИВТ РАН, ИХФЧ РАН, ИПМ РАН, РФЯЦ ВНИИЭФ и ВНИИТФ
• 5. Experiment PAX ОИЯИ, ИТЭФ и др . • _________________________________________________________________ • TOTAL 240 MEur
Contribution of Russian Scientific Community to FAIR project:
R&D, prototyping manufacturing of accelerator and detectors components
Proposals of Russian Institutes for Proposals of Russian Institutes for FAIRFAIR Accelerators AcceleratorsAccelerators Price for January 2009 Institutes
kEuro Percentage
HEBT (High Energy Beam Transfer) 30947,85 16,67% НИИЭФА, ИЯФ СО РАН, ИТЭФ
Super-FRS (Super FRagment Separator) 7368,00 3,97% ИЯФ СО РАН
CR (Collector Ring) 25121,00 13,53% ИЯФ СО РАН, ИТЭФ
NESR (New Experimental Storage Ring) 19160,00 10,32% ИЯФ СО РАН, ИТЭФ
p-LINAC 205,00 0,11% ИТЭФ
SIS 100 37647,00 20,28% ОИЯИ, ИТЭФ
pBar Target 0,00 0,00%
RESR (Accumulator Ring) 2719,60 1,46% ИЯФ СО РАН, ИТЭФ
HESR (High-Energy Storage Ring) 2301,00 1,24% ИТЭФ
SIS 300 47104,00 25,37% ИФВЭ (+ВНИИНМ, НИИЭФА,
КРИОГЕНМАШ,ГЕЛИЙМАШ)
ER 13100,00 7,06% ИЯФ СО РАН
SUM 185673,45 100,01%
Conclusion
1) The ITEP Accelerator Facility is successfully in operation by more than 4000 hours yearly accelerating proton and ion beams and stacking different nuclei for physics experiments, methodical research and radiation technologies.
2) The nearest progress in the ITEP-TWAC parameters is expected from development of Laser Ion Source technology, construction of the high current RFQ ion injector, advancement of high efficient multiple charge exchange injection technique for heavy nuclei stacking, upgrade of beam compression technique in storage ring and studying of charge dominated beam dynamics.
4) Summarizing the current status of the ITEP-TWAC Facility, it should be noted that progress achieved for improvement of the machine parameters in last three years is low than it was expected because of required resources deficiency.
3) Participation in project of International Scientific Centre FAIR at the GSI Laboratory has to stimulate development of accelerator technology in Russian Accelerator Centres.