Introduction to Music

Review• Jazz

• Music For Stage and Screen

• Rock

Non-Western MusicCharacteristics of Non-Western Music

• Frequently linked with religion, dance and drama

Non-Western MusicCharacteristics of Non-Western Music

• Frequently linked with religion, dance and drama

• Often used to communicate messages & relate traditions

Non-Western MusicOral Tradition

• Music notation far less important than in western culture

Non-Western MusicOral Tradition

• Music notation far less important than in western culture

• Many cultures do not have a music notation

Non-Western MusicOral Tradition

• Music notation far less important than in western culture

• Many cultures do not have a music notation

• If they do, the notation serves as a record— not for teaching or performance

Non-Western MusicImprovisation

• Improvisation usually based on traditional melodic phrases and rhythmic patterns

Non-Western MusicImprovisation

• Improvisation usually based on traditional melodic phrases and rhythmic patterns

• Singing usually main way of making music

Non-Western MusicImprovisation

• Improvisation usually based on traditional melodic phrases and rhythmic patterns

• Singing usually main way of making music

• Vocal approach, timbre, and techniques vary throughout the world

Non-Western MusicImprovisation

• Improvisation usually based on traditional melodic phrases and rhythmic patterns

• Singing usually main way of making music

• Vocal approach, timbre, and techniques vary throughout the world

• Nasal sound

Non-Western MusicImprovisation

• Improvisation usually based on traditional melodic phrases and rhythmic patterns

• Singing usually main way of making music

• Vocal approach, timbre, and techniques vary throughout the world

• Nasal sound

• Strained tone

Non-Western MusicImprovisation

• Improvisation usually based on traditional melodic phrases and rhythmic patterns

• Singing usually main way of making music

• Vocal approach, timbre, and techniques vary throughout the world

• Nasal sound

• Strained tone

• Throat singing

Non-Western MusicInstruments

• Four types based upon sound production:

Non-Western MusicInstruments

• Four types based upon sound production:

• Membranophones—stretched skin

Non-Western MusicInstruments

• Four types based upon sound production:

• Membranophones—stretched skin

• Primarily drums

Non-Western MusicInstruments

• Four types based upon sound production:

• Membranophones—stretched skin

• Primarily drums

• Chordophones—stretched string

Non-Western MusicInstruments

• Four types based upon sound production:

• Membranophones—stretched skin

• Primarily drums

• Chordophones—stretched string

• Harp type

Non-Western MusicInstruments

• Four types based upon sound production:

• Aerophones—performer’s breath

Non-Western MusicInstruments

• Four types based upon sound production:

• Aerophones—performer’s breath

• Flutes, trumpets, etc.

Non-Western MusicInstruments

• Four types based upon sound production:

• Aerophones—performer’s breath

• Flutes, trumpets, etc.

• Idiophones—instrument’s body is sound generator

Non-Western MusicInstruments

• Four types based upon sound production:

• Aerophones—performer’s breath

• Flutes, trumpets, etc.

• Idiophones—instrument’s body is sound generator

• Bells, gongs, scrapers, rattles, etc.

Non-Western MusicInstruments

• Style and application within culture causes particular types of instruments to dominate

Non-Western MusicInstruments

• Style and application within culture causes particular types of instruments to dominate

• Strings allow great flexibility of pitch

Non-Western MusicInstruments

• Style and application within culture causes particular types of instruments to dominate

• Strings allow great flexibility of pitch

• Idiophones/membranophones: rhythmic emphasis

Non-Western MusicInstruments

• Style and application within culture causes particular types of instruments to dominate

• Strings allow great flexibility of pitch

• Idiophones/membranophones: rhythmic emphasis

• Aerophones aid in outdoor performance

Non-Western MusicInstruments

• Style and application within culture causes particular types of instruments to dominate

• Strings allow great flexibility of pitch

• Idiophones/membranophones: rhythmic emphasis

• Aerophones aid in outdoor performance

• Geography & materials influence

Non-Western MusicInstruments

• Style and application within culture causes particular types of instruments to dominate

• Strings allow great flexibility of pitch

• Idiophones/membranophones: rhythmic emphasis

• Aerophones aid in outdoor performance

• Geography & materials influence

• Religion also influences instrumentation

Non-Western MusicMelody, Rhythm, and Texture

• Most non-Western musics are monophonic

Non-Western MusicMelody, Rhythm, and Texture

• Most non-Western musics are monophonic

• Sometimes accompanied by a drone

Non-Western MusicMelody, Rhythm, and Texture

• Most non-Western musics are monophonic

• Sometimes accompanied by a drone

• Some cultures use heterophony

Non-Western MusicMelody, Rhythm, and Texture

• Most non-Western musics are monophonic

• Sometimes accompanied by a drone

• Some cultures use heterophony

• All perform same melody with different ornamentation

Non-Western MusicMelody, Rhythm, and Texture

• Scales in nonwestern music are frequently quite different than western musical scales

Non-Western MusicMelody, Rhythm, and Texture

• Scales in nonwestern music are frequently quite different than western musical scales

• Intervals between tones can be larger or smaller

Non-Western MusicInteraction between Non-Western and Western Music

• Nonwestern music has been greatly impacted by Western influences due to:

Non-Western MusicInteraction between Non-Western and Western Music

• Nonwestern music has been greatly impacted by Western influences due to:

• Increased urbanization

Non-Western MusicInteraction between Non-Western and Western Music

• Nonwestern music has been greatly impacted by Western influences due to:

• Increased urbanization

• Spread of technology

Non-Western MusicInteraction between Non-Western and Western Music

• Nonwestern music has been greatly impacted by Western influences due to:

• Increased urbanization

• Spread of technology

• Almost worldwide access to recorded music

Non-Western MusicInteraction between Non-Western and Western Music

• Nonwestern music has been greatly impacted by Western influences due to:

• Increased urbanization

• Spread of technology

• Almost worldwide access to recorded music

• Some governments subsidize traditional music to preserve cultural heritage

Looking Ahead• Music In Sub-Saharan Africa

• Classical Music Of India