Post on 06-Apr-2018
8/3/2019 Interactive Science Simulation Documentation
1/24
INTERACTIVE SCIENCESIMULATION USING JAVA
A Mid-term Project Report
Submitted in partial fulfillment of
the requirements for theDegree of Bachelor of Engineering
Under Berhampur University
by
Suraj Behera Roll # CSE200710261
Subhashree Dash Roll # CSE200750210
November - 2010
Under the guidance of
Mr. Debanand Kanhar
8/3/2019 Interactive Science Simulation Documentation
2/24
INTERACTIVE SCIENCE SIMULATION USING JAVA
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Palur Hills, Berhampur, Orissa - 761 008, India
8/3/2019 Interactive Science Simulation Documentation
3/24
INTERACTIVE SCIENCE SIMULATION USING JAVA
ABSTRACT
The project titled Interactive Science Simulation using Java provides an in-depth
description about simulation web-based application. The whole project revolves
around the extensive application of simulation in the field of scientific study. In
computer science, simulation has some specialized meanings: Alan Turing used the
term "simulation" to refer to what happens when a universal machine that executes a
state transition table (in modern terminology, a computer runs a program) that
describes the state transitions, inputs and outputs of a subject discrete-state machine.
In general we can say that, with the help of computers we can design and code such
programs that simulate the real-world phenomena in a virtual environment.
Simulation helps us in understanding the concepts. It involves creating a virtual
environment for the process and helps us realize the entire procedure imitating the
real conditions. Simulation not only shows the effect but also checks the
understanding of the concept through a similar kind of questions on the concept. It
can be applied in the field of education and training ushering a new era of teaching
methodology.
ii
8/3/2019 Interactive Science Simulation Documentation
4/24
INTERACTIVE SCIENCE SIMULATION USING JAVA
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We express our deep sense of gratitude to Mr. Debanand Kanhar, Advisor cum
B.Tech. Project Coordinator for his valuable guidance and constant unfailing
encouragement for completing this project report.
We thank our examiners and for their suggestions and guidelines to make some
improvements in the project.
Finally we thankMr. Sangram Mudali, for his continued drive for better quality in
everything that happens at NIST. This report is a small contribution towards the
greater goal.
Suraj Behera
Subhashree Dash
ii
8/3/2019 Interactive Science Simulation Documentation
5/24
INTERACTIVE SCIENCE SIMULATION USING JAVA
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ii
8/3/2019 Interactive Science Simulation Documentation
6/24
INTERACTIVE SCIENCE SIMULATION USING JAVA
LIST OF FIGURES
ii
8/3/2019 Interactive Science Simulation Documentation
7/24
INTERACTIVE SCIENCE SIMULATION USING JAVA
1. INTRODUCTION
A computer simulation (or "sim") is an attempt to model a real-life or hypothetical
situation on a computer so that it can be studied to see how the system works. By
changing variables, predictions may be made about the behavior of the system.
Computer simulation has become a useful part of modeling many natural systems in
physics, chemistry and biology, and human systems in economics and social science
(the computational sociology) as well as in engineering to gain insight into the
operation of those systems. A good example of the usefulness of using computers to
simulate can be found in the field of network traffic simulation. In such simulations,the model behavior will change each simulation according to the set of initial
parameters assumed for the environment.
Traditionally, the formal modeling of systems has been via a mathematical model,
which attempts to find analytical solutions enabling the prediction of the behavior of
the system from a set of parameters and initial conditions.
In computer science, simulation has some specialized meanings: Alan Turing used the
term "simulation" to refer to what happens when a universal machine executes a state
transition table (in modern terminology, a computer runs a program) that describes the
state transitions, inputs and outputs of a subject discrete-state machine. The computer
simulates the subject machine. Accordingly, in theoretical computer science the term
simulation is a relation between state transition systems, useful in the study of
operational semantics.
ii
8/3/2019 Interactive Science Simulation Documentation
8/24
INTERACTIVE SCIENCE SIMULATION USING JAVA
Interactive Simulator for Science
The simulation project that is designed is an interactive one, in which the users can
change the environment variables effecting changes in the process. With the help of
the virtual reality enabled with the help of simulation we can control all the
environment variables related to the particular phenomenon and change the variables
as we wish to study the effects on the present condition. The various phenomena those
are going to be simulated are Wave functions, transverse and longitudinal waves,
Dopplers effect, Alpha decay, Nuclear fission, Projectile motion, Ohms law,
Faradays law of electromagnetism etc.
This project can be actively used by educational institutions for example to help
students a better control to grasp and make connections between real-life phenomena
and the underlying science, deepening their understanding and appreciation of the
physical world. The students using this simulation can actually vary and control
various controlling environment variables and see the consequent changes to
deepening their grasp on the concepts involved.
1.2. Technologies to be used
JAVA (J2SE): Java Platform, Standard Edition or Java SE is a widely used platform
for programming in the Java language. It is the Java Platform used to deploy portable
applications for general use. In practical terms, Java SE consists of a virtual machine,
which must be used to run Java programs, together with a set of libraries (or"packages") needed to allow the use of file systems, networks, graphical interfaces,
and so on, from within those programs.
Applet: In computing, an applet is any small application that performs one specific
task, sometimes running within the context of a larger program, perhaps as a plug-in.
However, the term typically also refers to Java applets, i.e., programs written in the
Java programming language that are included in a web page.
0
ii
8/3/2019 Interactive Science Simulation Documentation
9/24
INTERACTIVE SCIENCE SIMULATION USING JAVA
1.3. User Characteristics:
The User is expected to be Internet as well as application literate. The main screen of
the applet contains the links to the other modules and containers associated with the
various scientific phenomena. The User is expected to be Windows literate and to be
able to use button, pull-down menus, and similar tools.
1.4. Constraints:
Attribute Detail and Boundary Constraint
Software Windows XP and above, IE 6.0 and above, Java 2 Platform
Standard Edition(J2SE) JDK 5.0 later
Hardware P-IV, 512 MB RAM, 40 GB HDD
Network Client-Server, Internet
1.5. Overview of Document
The next section, the Functional Description section, of this document gives an
overview of the functionality of the product and various aspects of the modules in it.
It describes the functional requirements and is used to establish a context for the
technical specification.
ii
8/3/2019 Interactive Science Simulation Documentation
10/24
INTERACTIVE SCIENCE SIMULATION USING JAVA
2. FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
2.1. Dopplers Effect Simulation:
The Doppler effect (or Doppler shift), named after Austrian physicist Christian
Doppler who proposed it in 1842, is the change in frequency of a wave for an
observer moving relative to the source of the wave. It is commonly heard when a
vehicle sounding a siren or horn approaches, passes, and recedes from an observer.
The received frequency is higher (compared to the emitted frequency) during the
approach, it is identical at the instant of passing by, and it is lower during therecession. For waves that propagate in a medium, such as sound waves, the velocity
of the observer and of the source is relative to the medium in which the waves are
transmitted. The total Doppler Effect may therefore result from motion of the source,
motion of the observer, or motion of the medium. In classical physics, where the
speeds of source and the receiver relative to the medium are lower than the velocity of
waves in the medium, the relationship between observed frequency fand emitted
frequency f0 is given by:
Where
Is the velocity of waves in the medium
Is the velocity of the receiver relative to the medium; positive if the
receiver is moving towards the source.
Is the velocity of the source relative to the medium; positive if the source is
moving away from the receiver.
The frequency is decreased if either is moving away from the other.
ii
8/3/2019 Interactive Science Simulation Documentation
11/24
INTERACTIVE SCIENCE SIMULATION USING JAVA
2.1.1. Software Interface:
Figure 1: Dopplers Effect simulator
ii
8/3/2019 Interactive Science Simulation Documentation
12/24
INTERACTIVE SCIENCE SIMULATION USING JAVA
2.1.2. Use Case Diagram:
Figure 2: Dopplers Effect Use Case Dig.
ii
8/3/2019 Interactive Science Simulation Documentation
13/24
INTERACTIVE SCIENCE SIMULATION USING JAVA
2.1.3. Use Case Reports:
Use Case #1 DOPPLER_EFFECT
Module #/Name Interactive Science Simulator.Actors Users.Purpose This module simulates the Dopplers Effect with all its
simulation controlling parameters.Overview User should set the respective parameters to simulate.Type Primary.
Typical Course of Action
Scenario #1.1(normal) START
Use Case #1DOPPLER_EFFECT
Actor Action System Response
1 Click on the Start button 2 The simulator will simulate the
Object moving at the set speed and
the effect on Sound Waves.
Alternate course of action:
If the speed characteristics are not set then there will be no simulation .
Scenario #1.2(normal) STOP
Use Case #1DOPPLER_EFFECT
Actor Action System Response
1 Click on the Stop button 2 The simulator will stop any
currently running simulation.
Scenario #1.3(normal) STEP FORWARD
Use Case #1DOPPLER_EFFECT
ii
8/3/2019 Interactive Science Simulation Documentation
14/24
INTERACTIVE SCIENCE SIMULATION USING JAVA
Actor Action System Response
1 The user clicks on the Step foreword
button.
2 The mic moves closer towards the
moving object.
3 Click on the Start button 4 The simulator will simulate
resulting sound waves.
Alternate course of action:
If the moving objects initial speed is not set then there will be no simulation.
Scenario #1.4(normal) STEP BACK
Use Case #1DOPPLER_EFFECT
Actor Action System Response
1 The user clicks on the Step back
button.
2 It moves the mic away from the
moving objects initial position.
3 Click on the Start button 4 The simulator will simulate the
resulting simulation.
Alternate course of action:
If the moving objects initial speed is not set then there will be no simulation.
Scenario #1.5(normal) RESUME
Use Case #1DOPPLER_EFFECT
Actor Action System Response
1 The user clicks the Resume button. 2 The simulator will resume with the
ii
8/3/2019 Interactive Science Simulation Documentation
15/24
INTERACTIVE SCIENCE SIMULATION USING JAVA
pending simulation.
Scenario #1.6(normal) DRAG SCROLL BAR
Use Case #1DOPPLER_EFFECT
Actor Action System Response
1 The user drags the scroll bar to a
position.
2 Click on the Start button 3 The simulator will simulate waves
at the set speed in the scroll bar.
2.2. Wave Functions Simulation:
The mathematical concept of a function expresses the intuitive idea that one quantity
(the argument of the function, also known as the input) completely determines another
quantity (the value, or the output). A function assigns exactly one value to each input
ii
8/3/2019 Interactive Science Simulation Documentation
16/24
INTERACTIVE SCIENCE SIMULATION USING JAVA
of a specified type. The argument and the value may be real numbers, but they can
also be elements from any given sets: the domain and the co-domain of the function.
An example of a function with the real numbers as both its domain and co-domain is
the function f(x) = 2x, which assigns to every real number the real number with twice
its value. In this case, it is written that f(5) = 10.
In mathematics, the sine function is a function of an angle. In a right triangle, sine
gives the ratio of the length of the side opposite an angle to the length of the
hypotenuse. Sine is usually listed first amongst the trigonometric functions. The sine
function is commonly used to model periodic function phenomena such as sound and
light waves, the position and velocity of harmonic oscillators, sunlight intensity and
day length, and average temperature variations through the year.
2.2.1. Software interface:
ii
8/3/2019 Interactive Science Simulation Documentation
17/24
INTERACTIVE SCIENCE SIMULATION USING JAVA
Figure 3:Wave Function Simulator
2.2.2. Use Case Diagram:
Figure 4:Wave Function Use Case Diag.
2.2.3. Use Case Reports:
Use Case #2 WAVE FUNCTIONS
Module #/Name Interactive Science Simulator.
ii
8/3/2019 Interactive Science Simulation Documentation
18/24
INTERACTIVE SCIENCE SIMULATION USING JAVA
Actors Users.Purpose This module simulates the various wave functions from
mathematical model.Overview User should set the respective parameters to simulate.Type
Primary.
Typical Course of Action
Scenario #2.1(normal) START
Use Case #2WAVE FUNCTIONS
Actor Action System Response
1 The user starts the applet. 2 The simulator will simulate the
Sine wave with default frequency
parameters.
Alternate course of action:
If frequency is not set on the slider there will be no simulation.
Scenario #2.2(normal) MOVE SLIDER
Use Case #2WAVE FUNCTIONS
Actor Action System Response
1 The user moves the slider position. 2 The simulator will simulate the
Sine wave with the changed
frequency parameters.
2.3. Architecture Design:
ii
8/3/2019 Interactive Science Simulation Documentation
19/24
INTERACTIVE SCIENCE SIMULATION USING JAVA
Figure 5 - System Environment
2.3. Class Diagrams:
2.3.1. Dopplers Effect class diagram:
ii
8/3/2019 Interactive Science Simulation Documentation
20/24
INTERACTIVE SCIENCE SIMULATION USING JAVA
Figure 6:Dopplers Effect Class Diag.
2.3.2. Wave Function class diagram:
ii
8/3/2019 Interactive Science Simulation Documentation
21/24
INTERACTIVE SCIENCE SIMULATION USING JAVA
Figure 7: Wave Function Class Diag.
3. FUTURE WORK
ii
8/3/2019 Interactive Science Simulation Documentation
22/24
INTERACTIVE SCIENCE SIMULATION USING JAVA
The entire simulation web-application package consists of the several modules
simulating various general, physical and chemical phenomena. They include as
transverse and longitudinal waves, Dopplers effect, Alpha decay, Nuclear fission,
Projectile motion, Ohms law, Faradays law of electromagnetism etc. All this
modules have their individual simulation applets extending the simulation
functionalities. To incorporate all this into one single package a central module will
be develop which will provide the user with access to all the simulations in the whole
application at once. The user will be able to run any applet simulation as per the
requirement from the main module. The application is to be designed so as to be ready
to be hosted on a web-server. In order to be able to do that the applets combined into a
single module have to be server ready for instant hosting.
4. GLOSSARY
Term Definition
ii
8/3/2019 Interactive Science Simulation Documentation
23/24
INTERACTIVE SCIENCE SIMULATION USING JAVA
Applet An applet is any small application that performs one
specific task, sometimes running within the context of a
larger program.
Application Application or an app, is computer software designed to
help the user to perform singular or multiple related
specific tasks.
Semantics Semantics typically focuses on the relation between
signifiers, such as words, phrases, signs and symbols,
and what they stand for, their denotata.
Software Requirements
Specification
A document that completely describes all of the
functions of a proposed system and the constraints under
which it must operate. For example, this document.
User The end-person who will use the application.
Use Case
A use case in software engineering and systems
engineering is a description of a systems behaviour as it
responds to a request that originates from outside of that
system
REFERENCES
[1] Pilone, Dan and Pitman, Neil: UML in a Nutshell: OReilly Media
Publications: June 2004.a
ii
8/3/2019 Interactive Science Simulation Documentation
24/24
INTERACTIVE SCIENCE SIMULATION USING JAVA
[2] Geary David M. : Java 2: Mastering the JFC : Swing, Volume 2 (Sun
Microsystems Press Java Series), 3rd Edition , 1999.
[3] Verma H.C : Concepts of Physics: Part I, Part II: Bharti Bhawan
Pulications,2007.
ii