Interactive Science Simulation Documentation

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INTERACTIVE SCIENCESIMULATION USING JAVA

A Mid-term Project Report

Submitted in partial fulfillment of

the requirements for theDegree of Bachelor of Engineering

Under Berhampur University

by

Suraj Behera Roll # CSE200710261

Subhashree Dash Roll # CSE200750210

November - 2010

Under the guidance of

Mr. Debanand Kanhar


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INTERACTIVE SCIENCE SIMULATION USING JAVA

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Palur Hills, Berhampur, Orissa - 761 008, India


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ABSTRACT

The project titled Interactive Science Simulation using Java provides an in-depth

description about simulation web-based application. The whole project revolves

around the extensive application of simulation in the field of scientific study. In

computer science, simulation has some specialized meanings: Alan Turing used the

term "simulation" to refer to what happens when a universal machine that executes a

state transition table (in modern terminology, a computer runs a program) that

describes the state transitions, inputs and outputs of a subject discrete-state machine.

In general we can say that, with the help of computers we can design and code such

programs that simulate the real-world phenomena in a virtual environment.

Simulation helps us in understanding the concepts. It involves creating a virtual

environment for the process and helps us realize the entire procedure imitating the

real conditions. Simulation not only shows the effect but also checks the

understanding of the concept through a similar kind of questions on the concept. It

can be applied in the field of education and training ushering a new era of teaching

methodology.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We express our deep sense of gratitude to Mr. Debanand Kanhar, Advisor cum

B.Tech. Project Coordinator for his valuable guidance and constant unfailing

encouragement for completing this project report.

We thank our examiners and for their suggestions and guidelines to make some

improvements in the project.

Finally we thankMr. Sangram Mudali, for his continued drive for better quality in

everything that happens at NIST. This report is a small contribution towards the

greater goal.

Suraj Behera

Subhashree Dash

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

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LIST OF FIGURES

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1. INTRODUCTION

A computer simulation (or "sim") is an attempt to model a real-life or hypothetical

situation on a computer so that it can be studied to see how the system works. By

changing variables, predictions may be made about the behavior of the system.

Computer simulation has become a useful part of modeling many natural systems in

physics, chemistry and biology, and human systems in economics and social science

(the computational sociology) as well as in engineering to gain insight into the

operation of those systems. A good example of the usefulness of using computers to

simulate can be found in the field of network traffic simulation. In such simulations,the model behavior will change each simulation according to the set of initial

parameters assumed for the environment.

Traditionally, the formal modeling of systems has been via a mathematical model,

which attempts to find analytical solutions enabling the prediction of the behavior of

the system from a set of parameters and initial conditions.

In computer science, simulation has some specialized meanings: Alan Turing used the

term "simulation" to refer to what happens when a universal machine executes a state

transition table (in modern terminology, a computer runs a program) that describes the

state transitions, inputs and outputs of a subject discrete-state machine. The computer

simulates the subject machine. Accordingly, in theoretical computer science the term

simulation is a relation between state transition systems, useful in the study of

operational semantics.

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Interactive Simulator for Science

The simulation project that is designed is an interactive one, in which the users can

change the environment variables effecting changes in the process. With the help of

the virtual reality enabled with the help of simulation we can control all the

environment variables related to the particular phenomenon and change the variables

as we wish to study the effects on the present condition. The various phenomena those

are going to be simulated are Wave functions, transverse and longitudinal waves,

Dopplers effect, Alpha decay, Nuclear fission, Projectile motion, Ohms law,

Faradays law of electromagnetism etc.

This project can be actively used by educational institutions for example to help

students a better control to grasp and make connections between real-life phenomena

and the underlying science, deepening their understanding and appreciation of the

physical world. The students using this simulation can actually vary and control

various controlling environment variables and see the consequent changes to

deepening their grasp on the concepts involved.

1.2. Technologies to be used

JAVA (J2SE): Java Platform, Standard Edition or Java SE is a widely used platform

for programming in the Java language. It is the Java Platform used to deploy portable

applications for general use. In practical terms, Java SE consists of a virtual machine,

which must be used to run Java programs, together with a set of libraries (or"packages") needed to allow the use of file systems, networks, graphical interfaces,

and so on, from within those programs.

Applet: In computing, an applet is any small application that performs one specific

task, sometimes running within the context of a larger program, perhaps as a plug-in.

However, the term typically also refers to Java applets, i.e., programs written in the

Java programming language that are included in a web page.

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1.3. User Characteristics:

The User is expected to be Internet as well as application literate. The main screen of

the applet contains the links to the other modules and containers associated with the

various scientific phenomena. The User is expected to be Windows literate and to be

able to use button, pull-down menus, and similar tools.

1.4. Constraints:

Attribute Detail and Boundary Constraint

Software Windows XP and above, IE 6.0 and above, Java 2 Platform

Standard Edition(J2SE) JDK 5.0 later

Hardware P-IV, 512 MB RAM, 40 GB HDD

Network Client-Server, Internet

1.5. Overview of Document

The next section, the Functional Description section, of this document gives an

overview of the functionality of the product and various aspects of the modules in it.

It describes the functional requirements and is used to establish a context for the

technical specification.

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2. FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

2.1. Dopplers Effect Simulation:

The Doppler effect (or Doppler shift), named after Austrian physicist Christian

Doppler who proposed it in 1842, is the change in frequency of a wave for an

observer moving relative to the source of the wave. It is commonly heard when a

vehicle sounding a siren or horn approaches, passes, and recedes from an observer.

The received frequency is higher (compared to the emitted frequency) during the

approach, it is identical at the instant of passing by, and it is lower during therecession. For waves that propagate in a medium, such as sound waves, the velocity

of the observer and of the source is relative to the medium in which the waves are

transmitted. The total Doppler Effect may therefore result from motion of the source,

motion of the observer, or motion of the medium. In classical physics, where the

speeds of source and the receiver relative to the medium are lower than the velocity of

waves in the medium, the relationship between observed frequency fand emitted

frequency f0 is given by:

Where

Is the velocity of waves in the medium

Is the velocity of the receiver relative to the medium; positive if the

receiver is moving towards the source.

Is the velocity of the source relative to the medium; positive if the source is

moving away from the receiver.

The frequency is decreased if either is moving away from the other.

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2.1.1. Software Interface:

Figure 1: Dopplers Effect simulator

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2.1.2. Use Case Diagram:

Figure 2: Dopplers Effect Use Case Dig.

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2.1.3. Use Case Reports:

Use Case #1 DOPPLER_EFFECT

Module #/Name Interactive Science Simulator.Actors Users.Purpose This module simulates the Dopplers Effect with all its

simulation controlling parameters.Overview User should set the respective parameters to simulate.Type Primary.

Typical Course of Action

Scenario #1.1(normal) START

Use Case #1DOPPLER_EFFECT

Actor Action System Response

1 Click on the Start button 2 The simulator will simulate the

Object moving at the set speed and

the effect on Sound Waves.

Alternate course of action:

If the speed characteristics are not set then there will be no simulation .

Scenario #1.2(normal) STOP



1 Click on the Stop button 2 The simulator will stop any

currently running simulation.

Scenario #1.3(normal) STEP FORWARD


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1 The user clicks on the Step foreword

button.

2 The mic moves closer towards the

moving object.

3 Click on the Start button 4 The simulator will simulate

resulting sound waves.


If the moving objects initial speed is not set then there will be no simulation.

Scenario #1.4(normal) STEP BACK



1 The user clicks on the Step back

button.

2 It moves the mic away from the

moving objects initial position.

3 Click on the Start button 4 The simulator will simulate the

resulting simulation.


If the moving objects initial speed is not set then there will be no simulation.

Scenario #1.5(normal) RESUME



1 The user clicks the Resume button. 2 The simulator will resume with the

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pending simulation.

Scenario #1.6(normal) DRAG SCROLL BAR



1 The user drags the scroll bar to a

position.

2 Click on the Start button 3 The simulator will simulate waves

at the set speed in the scroll bar.

2.2. Wave Functions Simulation:

The mathematical concept of a function expresses the intuitive idea that one quantity

(the argument of the function, also known as the input) completely determines another

quantity (the value, or the output). A function assigns exactly one value to each input

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of a specified type. The argument and the value may be real numbers, but they can

also be elements from any given sets: the domain and the co-domain of the function.

An example of a function with the real numbers as both its domain and co-domain is

the function f(x) = 2x, which assigns to every real number the real number with twice

its value. In this case, it is written that f(5) = 10.

In mathematics, the sine function is a function of an angle. In a right triangle, sine

gives the ratio of the length of the side opposite an angle to the length of the

hypotenuse. Sine is usually listed first amongst the trigonometric functions. The sine

function is commonly used to model periodic function phenomena such as sound and

light waves, the position and velocity of harmonic oscillators, sunlight intensity and

day length, and average temperature variations through the year.

2.2.1. Software interface:

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Figure 3:Wave Function Simulator

2.2.2. Use Case Diagram:

Figure 4:Wave Function Use Case Diag.

2.2.3. Use Case Reports:

Use Case #2 WAVE FUNCTIONS

Module #/Name Interactive Science Simulator.

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Actors Users.Purpose This module simulates the various wave functions from

mathematical model.Overview User should set the respective parameters to simulate.Type

Primary.

Typical Course of Action

Scenario #2.1(normal) START

Use Case #2WAVE FUNCTIONS


1 The user starts the applet. 2 The simulator will simulate the

Sine wave with default frequency

parameters.


If frequency is not set on the slider there will be no simulation.

Scenario #2.2(normal) MOVE SLIDER

Use Case #2WAVE FUNCTIONS


1 The user moves the slider position. 2 The simulator will simulate the

Sine wave with the changed

frequency parameters.

2.3. Architecture Design:

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Figure 5 - System Environment

2.3. Class Diagrams:

2.3.1. Dopplers Effect class diagram:

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Figure 6:Dopplers Effect Class Diag.

2.3.2. Wave Function class diagram:

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Figure 7: Wave Function Class Diag.

3. FUTURE WORK

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The entire simulation web-application package consists of the several modules

simulating various general, physical and chemical phenomena. They include as

transverse and longitudinal waves, Dopplers effect, Alpha decay, Nuclear fission,

Projectile motion, Ohms law, Faradays law of electromagnetism etc. All this

modules have their individual simulation applets extending the simulation

functionalities. To incorporate all this into one single package a central module will

be develop which will provide the user with access to all the simulations in the whole

application at once. The user will be able to run any applet simulation as per the

requirement from the main module. The application is to be designed so as to be ready

to be hosted on a web-server. In order to be able to do that the applets combined into a

single module have to be server ready for instant hosting.

4. GLOSSARY

Term Definition

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Applet An applet is any small application that performs one

specific task, sometimes running within the context of a

larger program.

Application Application or an app, is computer software designed to

help the user to perform singular or multiple related

specific tasks.

Semantics Semantics typically focuses on the relation between

signifiers, such as words, phrases, signs and symbols,

and what they stand for, their denotata.

Software Requirements

Specification

A document that completely describes all of the

functions of a proposed system and the constraints under

which it must operate. For example, this document.

User The end-person who will use the application.

Use Case

A use case in software engineering and systems

engineering is a description of a systems behaviour as it

responds to a request that originates from outside of that

system

REFERENCES

[1] Pilone, Dan and Pitman, Neil: UML in a Nutshell: OReilly Media

Publications: June 2004.a

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[2] Geary David M. : Java 2: Mastering the JFC : Swing, Volume 2 (Sun

Microsystems Press Java Series), 3rd Edition , 1999.

[3] Verma H.C : Concepts of Physics: Part I, Part II: Bharti Bhawan

Pulications,2007.

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Interactive Science Simulation Documentation

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