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Vocabulary ReviewVocabulary ReviewGoal 2 – Expansion & Goal 2 – Expansion &

ReformReform

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Who was the leader of the

Transcendental movement?

Goal Two

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Ralph Waldo Emerson

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What idea was Henry David

Thoreau advocating in his essay, “On

Civil Disobedience?

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Passive resistance

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Name 2 people who were later influenced by the ideas of Henry David

Thoreau.

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Gandhi & Martin Luther King, Jr.

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Which poet advised Americans to write as Americans instead of copying Europeans?

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Edgar Allen Poe

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Who wrote “The Last of the

Mohicans,” and what was it

about?

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James Fenimore CooperThe French & Indian War

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How did the artists from the Hudson River

School portray nationalism?

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By painting landscapes

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Who was the leader of the Hudson River

School of Artists?

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Thomas Cole

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Who was the most successful of the

Second Great Awakening revivalists?

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Charles G. Finney

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Who was the mental health

reformer?

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Dorothea Dix

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According to Dorothea Dix,

should criminals be punished or rehabilitated?

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rehabilitated

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Alex de Tocqueville visited the US several times.

What topics did he write about?

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Reform movements (prison & abolition) and democracy

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What did John Marshall decide in McCulloch v.

Maryland?

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The Bank of the US is constitutional but to tax the bank is unconstitutional.

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What kind of policy is

the Monroe

Doctrine?

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Foreign policy

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What slogan is associated

with the Monroe

Doctrine?

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“Hands off the Western Hemisphere”

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What did the Monroe Doctrine

mean for European countries?

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No more colonization in the Western Hemisphere (Americas)

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What were the 3 parts of

Henry Clay’s American System?

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A protective tariffA bankInternal improvements (roads, canals, etc)

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What was the “corrupt bargain”

according to Andrew Jackson?

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Henry Clay and John Quincy Adams made a deal in order for Adams to win in the Election of 1824

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What did Southerners call the

Tariff of 1828?

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The Tariff of Abominations

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Who benefited from the Tariff

of 1828?

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Northern Industries

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What event did the Tariff of

1828 lead to?

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The Nullification Crisis

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What was the spoils system?

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Giving government jobs to political party supporters

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What is another name for the spoils

system?

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Patronage

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Who wrote the SC Exposition and

Protest and what did it allow a state

to do?

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John C. Calhoun

A state could nullify or cancel a federal law

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What was the SC Exposition and

Protest written in response to?

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The tariff of 1828

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What were the “pet banks?”

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State banks that Andrew Jackson deposited federal funds into once he vetoed the recharter of the Bank of the US

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What is universal suffrage?

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It meant that all white males could vote and that they no longer had to own property.

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How does universal

suffrage differ from voting

rights during the Federalist Period?

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With universal suffrage, you no longer had to own property in order to vote.

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Why was the Gag

Rule passed?

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To prevent abolitionist petitions from being read in Congress

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Why did the Gag Rule upset many people, especially

Northerners?

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Northerners believed the Gag Rule threatened their freedom of speech & press.

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What is “Manifest Destiny?”

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The nation’s undeniable fate to possess the entire continent.

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Which treaty ended the Mexican War?

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The Treaty of Guadalupe

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What became the border

between the US & Mexico after the Mexican

War?

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The Rio Grande River

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Which country did Mexico give up its

claim to in the Treaty of

Guadalupe Hidalgo?

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Texas

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What land did the US gain from

the Mexican War?

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California, New Mexico & the entire Southwest

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What is the Mexican cession?

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All the land the US gained from the Mexican War

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What did the Wilmot Proviso

propose concerning

slavery?

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It prohibited slavery in the Mexican Cession.

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Did the Wilmot Proviso become

law?

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No

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How would the US benefit from

the Gadsden Purchase?

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It would provide the land needed for a transcontinental railroad.

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How was slavery to be decided in a

territory according the Senator Lewis

Cass?

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By the people

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Which state became a free state in the Compromise

of 1850?

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California

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Excluding California, how was slavery to

be decided according to the Compromise of

1850?

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By popular sovereignty.

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Allowing the people to decide on an issue, such as

slavery, is known as?

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Popular Sovereignty

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What is nativism?

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A movement to ensure that native-born Americans are treated better than immigrants

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The Nativist party is also known by 2 other names. What are they?

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The American Party and the Know-Nothings

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What set the Nativist Party apart from the

established political parties?

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The Nativists were anti-immigrant & anti-Catholic.

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