Post on 23-Dec-2015
Installing the Network
Chapter 11
Release 16/7/2009
Chapter Objectives
Explain the need of structured cabling Identify cables and different types of connectors Work with different types of cables Identify closets, conduits and cable tray Install racks and manage cables Work with modular outlets
Release 16/7/2009
Recall - I
Repeater is a device that is used to regenerate signals Bridges are used to connect multiple LAN segments Types of bridges are:
Transparent bridge Translational bridge Source-route bridge
The static and dynamic are two types of router Types of hubs are:
Passive hub Active hub Intelligent hub
Release 16/7/2009
Recall - II
Switch is the device with filtering and forwarding feature The different methods used by switches to send data
are: Cut-through method Store and forward method Fragment-free method
Gateway provides interconnection between different networks and translation service
Release 16/7/2009
Structured Cabling Comprises of cables and associated hardware parts Provides an organized way of low voltage wiring Transmits data that is built in structured form Need of structured cabling:
Consistency – Standard cabling systems for Data, voice and video
Cost Reduction – Reduces the cost by reducing the number of cables
Troubleshooting – Isolates and fixes the problem Mobility – Network resources are portable Supports upgrading – Supports future applications
Release 16/7/2009
Design Considerations of Structured Cabling
Release 16/7/2009
Structured Cabling - II
Design Considerations of structured cabling Entrance Facilities – Connects the building with the
outside world Equipment Room – Serves the users within the room Telecommunications Room – Accommodates the
cabling system equipment Backbone Cabling – Interconnects
telecommunications room, equipments room and entrance facilities
Release 16/7/2009
Structured Cabling - III
Design Considerations of structured cabling Horizontal Cabling – Extends from the work area
telecommunications outlet to telecommunications closet
Work Area – Components extend from the telecommunications outlet to the stations equipment
Cable Administration – Involves logical numbering scheme that can be applied to all the cables, outlets, patch cables and even control systems
Release 16/7/2009
Pulling Cables - I While dealing with structured cabling you have to
pull out the cables from some conduits and punch down the free end of the cable
Conduits are PVC or flexible plastic pipes used to organize the cables
Pull twine through the conduits
Release 16/7/2009
Pulling cables - II
Elements required for
pulling cables
Fish Tape Twine ConduitsScale and
TapePatch Panel
Release 16/7/2009
Pulling Cable Tools
Fish Tape Twine Conduit
Scale & Tape
Patch Panel
Release 16/7/2009
Cables
Two or more wires bound together, in protective jacket or sheath
Different types of cables: Twisted pair cable Coaxial cable Optical fiber cable Shielded and Unshielded cable
Release 16/7/2009
Cable Connectors – I
Part of cable which plugs into port or interface to connect one device to another
Connectors: Male and Female DB-15 connectors - Commonly used on electronic and
computer equipment RJ45 Connectors – Used in networking to connect
computer to network card BNC Coaxial Connectors – Used with coaxial cables
or used with Ethernet system
Release 16/7/2009
Cable Connectors – II
210 Patch Plug – Uses internal pair isolation, pair-to-pair compensation and layered contacts
Token-Ring Data Connector – Used on end of a shielded twisted pair cable
Distinguishing Wires Color coding makes identification each wire or pair of
wires in the cable easier Tip and ring – Identifies plus wire and minus wire
Release 16/7/2009
Show distinguishing wire from CBT
Release 16/7/2009
Cabling Tools and show it from CBT Used in networking to work with wires or devices or
to connect wires and devices to each other Different tools used are:
Punchdown Tools RJ45 Crimping Tool Coaxial Cable Crimping Tool Pin Crimping Tool Cable stripper
Release 16/7/2009
Working with Cables – I and show from CBT Installation works in three stages:
Running cable from central point to the room Wall jacks are mounted and cables ended into jacks Wire cables from the central end to switchboard
Color Coding Helps to classify different types of wires Patch cable and cross over cable can be differentiated
on the basis of colour coding
Release 16/7/2009
Working with Cables – III
Straight through Cable Same pin out connections at both
ends Used to connect dissimilar devices
Crossover Cable Modify pin out connections
at one end Used to connect similar types
of devices
Release 16/7/2009
Show crimping cables from CBT
Release 16/7/2009
Show modular outlet from CBT
Release 16/7/2009
Working with Cables – IV Weak Link
Mostly, weakest link is the station cable, which runs from wall to desktop
Information Outlet Protect horizontal wiring from physical handling that
cables receive Keep installation neat and eliminate unsightly snake
pit of unused cables coiled on floor Station Cable
Runs between information outlet and network node e.g. PC
Release 16/7/2009
Grounding
Two wires that come from the transformer are called the hot wires usually RED in color and neutral wire in BLACK
A large building requires more than one earth ground and the earth ground between two buildings is different in different situations
Fiber optic cable is the best option to link buildings Power grounding problems are two types: open or
high resistance ground or an abnormal pulse or condition between power conductors
Release 16/7/2009
Closet Main point in an organization where major networking cabling come
together Equipment in a wiring closet includes:
Patch panels for vertical wiring Patch panels for horizontal wiring Wiring hubs Uninterruptible Power Supplies
Types of wiring closets: Intermediate Distribution Frames (IDF) – at least one IDF per floor
for a multi storey building Main Distribution Frame (MDF) – where the inside cable plant
meets the outside world’s connectivity. All IDFs throughout building are connected to MDF in a star topology
Release 16/7/2009
Closet Details
Typical equipment in a wiring closet are: Backbone wiring cross-connect device Horizontal wiring cross-connect device Patch cables Wiring hubs Backup power for wiring hubs Router and modems Access server Fire Sprinkler SystemThe layout for the equipments in a wiring closet are put
on the wall or in an equipment rack
Release 16/7/2009
Cross-Connect Devices - I
Make easy to configure horizontal and backbone wiring
Terminates cable or group of cables Adaptability is easy when the organization grows
year after year In data networks – Small cross-connect device will
terminate backbone cable and make it available for connection to wiring hub
In wiring hub – Larger cross-connect device will terminate horizontal wiring before it enters hub
Release 16/7/2009
Cross-Connect Devices - II
66M Punch Down Block
Patch Panel
Release 16/7/2009
Cabinets and Racks – I show this from CBT Patch panels and wiring hubs can mount on wall in
brackets, stand in racks or reside in full cabinets that are racks with doors
If small installation – Mount patch panels and wiring hubs on wall
Release 16/7/2009
Neat Cables show from CBT
Used to avoid damage to cable pairs and used to tie the cables
Ties come in many sizes and materials
Release 16/7/2009
Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS) Equip network file servers
with backup power Allow wiring hubs to go
without power during power failure
VA system is more accurate than wattage rating
As a quick rule of thumb choose your UPS with VA rating at least two times the wattage rating consumption
Release 16/7/2009
Conduits Plastic pipes that run through wall plate between wiring
closets If space left:
Used to pull a new cable Used as replacement for a bad one For added capacity New conduit should have a piece of string used to pull the cable
in future Fish tape
An equipment which is part of any installers toolbox Consists of a reel of wire stiff enough to push its way through the
conduit When pulling through conduit ensure the power is turned off for
those wires
Release 16/7/2009
Cable Trays show this from CBT Provide large cable system Wire rack designed to carry the weight of the cables Common in modern wiring closets and in building
infrastructure spaces such as basements, airshafts, and ceiling
Point to note when cables run inside ceilings and walls
Release 16/7/2009
Configuring Backbone Cable
Backbone wiring is also known as vertical wiring TIA/EIA standard suggests that the backbone system should be
a star configuration Wiring closet that contain patch and cross-connect panels which
connect to horizontal wiring Backbone wiring link each wiring closet to cross-connect point or
(MDF) Locating the closet
Different parameters to keep in mind when going for closet Backbone Cable
Modern installations use UTP or fiber-optic cable for the backbone
Release 16/7/2009
Installation of Racks and show form CBT Explains how to place networking equipments and
accumulate different small equipment on the plate of the rack
Factors to be considered while installing the rack: Location to install the rack Installation holes marking Installation of the rack nuts Mount the different rails onto the rack Mount the different devices onto the rack
One U equals 1.75 inches
Release 16/7/2009
Managing Cables
Cables: Should not run over desk Should not be entangled
To manage cables: Free space on the desk where the cables will run Holes at top of desk Mount to protect cables
Release 16/7/2009
Wire Manager
Used to mange wires that are common to one place Tools used to manage wires:
Cable ties Conduits Twines Cable manager Labels Spiral wraps Unitags
Release 16/7/2009
Labeling Cables
Used to identify path of the cables Distinct color and pattern of code of cable label
helps identify cables Labels can be written with a pen or a pencil Cables labeled using Label templates Administrator has to label the outlet at the work area
and fix the patch panel with the same number when making network connection
Labels on Outlet
Release 16/7/2009
Case Study 1
The network administrator of the Mumbai branch of MoneyMaker bank is facing difficulties in maintaining the network. In case the network goes down due to some hardware failure, identifying the source of the problem and troubleshooting it is very time consuming. The layout of the network has not been changed since the time it was set up.
Release 16/7/2009
Problem
The maintenance and troubleshooting of the network is problematic and time consuming
Release 16/7/2009
Solution Deploy a dedicated closet Use full equipment cabinet Use rack and configure the hardware Use appropriate cable and crimp the cable Define maximum backbone cable length and
horizontal cable length Use different wire manager Use modular outlet and I/O plate Use third party hardware monitoring or the
troubleshooting devices
Release 16/7/2009
Summary - I
Structured cabling system is a set of cabling which interconnects different equipments in an organization in a structured manner
Cable connectors are used to connect the cables Cabling tolls are helpful to make connection
between the cable and the connector Colour Code helps to identify the types of wires Cat5 cables are punched into Information outlet (IO)
as per the colour coding Jack Panel is used to connect horizontal cabling to
network
Release 16/7/2009
Summary - II
Straight through cables have the pin out connections similar at both the ends
Cross over cable change the pin out connections at one end
Installing the rack explains how to place networking equipments and accumulate different small equipment on the tray of the rack
Wire manager can organize the disorganized cables and makes it easy to access
Labeling the cables help you to identify the path of the cables and makes the troubleshooting easy
Release 16/7/2009