Post on 14-Dec-2015
InfraCal TOG/TPH Analyzers InfraCal TOG/TPH Analyzers for for
Oil and Grease MeasurementsOil and Grease Measurements
www.WilksIR.com
Portable Field or Lab AnalyzerPortable Field or Lab Analyzer
Results in < 30 secondsResults in < 30 seconds
Rugged and Easy to UseRugged and Easy to Use
Over 2000 in use worldwide todayOver 2000 in use worldwide today
Off shore oil rigsOff shore oil rigs
RefineriesRefineries
Industrial WastewaterIndustrial Wastewater
Metal Parts CleaningMetal Parts Cleaning
Monitoring Using an Offsite LabMonitoring Using an Offsite Lab
==
Delayed ResultsDelayed Results
Typical commercial laboratory turn around - two Typical commercial laboratory turn around - two days to two weeksdays to two weeks
In-house hexane/gravimetric—several hoursIn-house hexane/gravimetric—several hours
Results in the discharge of effluent above Results in the discharge of effluent above regulatory limit for extended timeregulatory limit for extended time
Add costs in time and dollars Add costs in time and dollars
Monitoring Using an Offsite LabMonitoring Using an Offsite Lab
Non ComplianceNon Compliance
The sooner the industry or regulating agency The sooner the industry or regulating agency can detect non compliancecan detect non compliance
The sooner the problem can be correctedThe sooner the problem can be corrected
What is needed:What is needed:
A quick, accurate and simple A quick, accurate and simple
field and/or in-plant analysis:field and/or in-plant analysis:
Available with the Available with the
InfraCal TOG/TPH AnalyzerInfraCal TOG/TPH Analyzer
Two different models available Two different models available depending on desired measurement depending on desired measurement
range and extraction solventrange and extraction solvent
Model CVH Model CVH Model HATR-T2Model HATR-T2
CVH HATR-T2 Minimum Detection Limit 2 ppm 8 ppm
Solvent Perchloroethylene, Freon, S-316
hexane, pentane, Vertrel MCA
Component Measured Measures all hydrocarbons Measures hydrocarbons with a boiling point higher than the solvent—volatile hydrocarbons will be evaporated along with the solvent.
Instrument Repeatability +/- 1 ppm +/- 2 ppm
Other Solvents are heavier than water and require a seperatory
funnel or inverted vial with a septa cap to collect a solvent
sample.
Solvents are lighter than water and solvent sample can be collected from the
top of the container.
Acidify sample to pH of 2Acidify sample to pH of 2
Add 10 ml solvent to 100ml sample (10 to 1 ratio)Add 10 ml solvent to 100ml sample (10 to 1 ratio)
Shake for 2 minutesShake for 2 minutes
A portion of the solvent is A portion of the solvent is presented to the analyzer for presented to the analyzer for analysisanalysis
Measuring Oil in Water withMeasuring Oil in Water withthe InfraCal TOG/TPH Analyzerthe InfraCal TOG/TPH Analyzer
Basic Measurement ConceptBasic Measurement Concept
Infrared Analysis:Infrared Analysis:
Hydrocarbons have a characteristic Hydrocarbons have a characteristic absorbance in the infrared region:absorbance in the infrared region:
2930 cm-2930 cm-11 or 3.4 microns or 3.4 microns
Spectrum of a hydrocarbon (red)Spectrum of a hydrocarbon (red)
Overlaid with a 3.4 micron filter (black)Overlaid with a 3.4 micron filter (black)
Infrared AbsorbanceInfrared Absorbance
The amount of energy absorbedThe amount of energy absorbed is proportional to the amount ofis proportional to the amount of
oil/grease in the sample: oil/grease in the sample:
A higher oil and grease concentration A higher oil and grease concentration has a higher infrared absorbancehas a higher infrared absorbance
A lower oil and grease concentration A lower oil and grease concentration has a lower infrared absorbancehas a lower infrared absorbance
The Measurement of Oil using The Measurement of Oil using HexaneHexane
Model HATR-T2Model HATR-T2
The hexane evaporates leaving an The hexane evaporates leaving an oil film on the crystaloil film on the crystal
Oil Film
ATR crystal Source
Dual Detector
Filters (Ir / Ia) A = log (I r / I a )
Infrared light (source) is focused on the Infrared light (source) is focused on the end of the crystalend of the crystal
Oil Film
ATR Crystal
Source Dual Detector
Filters (Ir / Ia)
A = log (I r / I a )
The infrared light reflects offThe infrared light reflects off the surface of the crystal the surface of the crystal
Oil Film
ATR Crystal Source
Dual Detector
Filters (Ir / Ia)
A = log (I r / I a )
At each reflection, the infrared light At each reflection, the infrared light penetrates into the oil film and is absorbed penetrates into the oil film and is absorbed
by the oil at 2930cmby the oil at 2930cm-1-1
Sample
Internal Reflectance Element (IRE)Source
DualDetector
Filters (Ir / Ia)
A = log (Ir / Ia)
Oil Film
Infrared light
The infrared light is focused on to The infrared light is focused on to a detector containing a a detector containing a
2930cm2930cm-1-1 filter filter
Oil Film
ATR crystal Source
Dual Detector
Filters (Ir / Ia)
A = log (I r / I a )
A higher oil and grease concentration A higher oil and grease concentration has a higher infrared absorbancehas a higher infrared absorbance
A lower oil and grease concentration A lower oil and grease concentration has a lower infrared absorbancehas a lower infrared absorbance
Preset timer allows Preset timer allows hexane to evaporatehexane to evaporate
After timer After timer countdown and 15 countdown and 15 second run timesecond run time
Value is displayedValue is displayed
Cleaning the Trough CrystalCleaning the Trough Crystal
Add enough solvent Add enough solvent to cover crystalto cover crystal
Wipe slowly across Wipe slowly across the crystalthe crystal
Analysis ProcedureAnalysis Procedure
The whole analysis, from sample The whole analysis, from sample collection to final result, takes under 15 collection to final result, takes under 15 minutesminutes
An operator with minimal training can An operator with minimal training can do the analysisdo the analysis
Measurement RangeMeasurement Range
Hexane extraction: 10- 300 ppmHexane extraction: 10- 300 ppm**
** the upper limit can be extended by dilutionthe upper limit can be extended by dilution
Repeated runs on same sample: Repeated runs on same sample: ++ 01 01
Independent applications of sample: Independent applications of sample: ++ 02 02
Independently prepared samples: Independently prepared samples: ++0303**
* * Repeatability is dependent on how carefully the Repeatability is dependent on how carefully the analyst does the extractionanalyst does the extraction
Repeatability of the Hexane/Infrared Repeatability of the Hexane/Infrared MethodMethod
The Measurement of Oil using The Measurement of Oil using S-316 or PerchloroethyleneS-316 or Perchloroethylene
Model CVHModel CVH
ASTM Infrared Oil and Grease Method to ASTM Infrared Oil and Grease Method to replace Freon/IR Methodreplace Freon/IR Method
ASTM Method D7066-04:ASTM Method D7066-04:
Standard Test Method for dimer/trimer of Standard Test Method for dimer/trimer of chlorotrifluoroethylene (S-316) chlorotrifluoroethylene (S-316) Recoverable Oil and Grease and Nonpolar Recoverable Oil and Grease and Nonpolar Material by Infrared DeterminationMaterial by Infrared Determination
ASTM Method D 7066-04ASTM Method D 7066-04
Uses a transmission cell - Model CVHUses a transmission cell - Model CVH
Measures volatile constituentsMeasures volatile constituents
The Measurement of IR Absorption ofThe Measurement of IR Absorption ofan Oil Sample with a Cuvettean Oil Sample with a Cuvette
A = log IR / IA
Filters (IR / IA )Sample
Source Detectors
InfraRed light passes through the cuvette filled with solvent from the sample extract
A = log IR / IA
Filters (IR / IA )Sample
Source Detectors
The amount of IR energy absorbed by the sample correlates to the concentration of
oil and grease in the sample
The infrared light is focused on to The infrared light is focused on to a detector containing a a detector containing a
2930cm2930cm-1-1 filter filter
Cuvette is filled with Cuvette is filled with solvent extractsolvent extract
Cuvette is placed in the analyzerCuvette is placed in the analyzer
After 30 seconds,After 30 seconds,Oil and Grease value is displayedOil and Grease value is displayed
Measurement RangeMeasurement Range
S-316 or Perchloroethylene:S-316 or Perchloroethylene: 2 -300 2 -300
ppmppm**
** the upper limit can be extended by dilutionthe upper limit can be extended by dilution
Repeatability of the Repeatability of the S-316 or perc/Infrared MethodS-316 or perc/Infrared Method
Repeated runs on same sample: Repeated runs on same sample: ++ 01 01
Independent applications of sample: Independent applications of sample: ++ 01 01
Independently prepared samples: Independently prepared samples: ++0202**
* * Repeatability is dependent on how carefully the Repeatability is dependent on how carefully the analyst does the extractionanalyst does the extraction
Comparing Different Analytical Comparing Different Analytical ProceduresProcedures
Oil and GreaseOil and Grease
Not a unique chemical entity Not a unique chemical entity
A mixture of chemical species that vary A mixture of chemical species that vary from source to sourcefrom source to source
It is defined by the analytical procedure, It is defined by the analytical procedure, ie: infrared, gravimetric, GC/FIDie: infrared, gravimetric, GC/FID
Comparing Different Analytical Comparing Different Analytical ProceduresProcedures
InfraredInfrared
GravimetricGravimetric
Gas Chromatograph/Flame Gas Chromatograph/Flame Ionization Detector (GC/FID)Ionization Detector (GC/FID)
Ultra VioletUltra Violet
Each method measures different physical Each method measures different physical propertiesproperties
Technology Technology
InfraredInfraredAll analytes removed from All analytes removed from the samples by the the samples by the extraction solvent that extraction solvent that contain a C-H stretching contain a C-H stretching absorption.absorption.
All analytes removed from All analytes removed from the sample by the extraction the sample by the extraction solvent that are not solvent that are not volatilized.volatilized.
All analytes removed from All analytes removed from the sample by the extraction the sample by the extraction solvent that can be solvent that can be chromatographed and that chromatographed and that respond to the detector.respond to the detector.
Aromatics only
Very polar organics Very polar organics
VolatilesVolatiles
Very polar or involatile Very polar or involatile compounds depending compounds depending on choice of column, on choice of column, temperature program, temperature program, time, etc. time, etc.
Aliphahtics
GravimetryGravimetry
GC/FIDGC/FID
What is What is MeasuredMeasured
What is Not What is Not MeasuredMeasured
Ultra VioletUltra Violet
Note:Note:
Ultraviolet (UV) Ultraviolet (UV) measures only the aromatic measures only the aromatic hydrocarbons in a water sample. If the hydrocarbons in a water sample. If the aromatic/ aliphatic ratio changes, the aromatic/ aliphatic ratio changes, the reading will not be correct.reading will not be correct.
InfraredInfrared measure both the aromatic and the measure both the aromatic and the aliphatic hydrocarbons.aliphatic hydrocarbons.
Comparison of Hexane/Infrared and Comparison of Hexane/Infrared and Hexane/GravimetricHexane/Gravimetric
Meat Packing PlantMeat Packing Plant
Infrared Infrared GravimetricGravimetricSample 1Sample 1 67 ppm67 ppm 70 ppm70 ppmSample 2Sample 2 19901990 20202020
After Grease Trap at a RestaurantAfter Grease Trap at a Restaurant
Sample 1Sample 1 423423 415415Sample 2Sample 2 332332 300300Sample 3Sample 3 103103 130130Sample 4Sample 4 157157 170170Sample 5Sample 5 6767 7474
Same Samples, Same Samples, Three Different LaboratoriesThree Different Laboratories
InfraCal InfraCal InfraCal InfraCal Lab 1 Lab 1 Lab 2 Lab 2 Lab 3Lab 3Wilks Wilks CustomerCustomer
51 51 49 49 67 23 67 23 5151 62 62 61 61 74 4374 43 4747 71 71 -- -- 76 70 76 70 4949 63 63 53 53 66 5566 55 4040 3 3 1 1 14 714 7 <5<5
Using this simple and quick infrared procedure, Using this simple and quick infrared procedure, operators of a pretreatment system can:operators of a pretreatment system can:
Quickly and easily assess their system’s Quickly and easily assess their system’s efficiency efficiency
Take samples before and after treatment Take samples before and after treatment
Change their system’s parameters and Change their system’s parameters and immediately test the results of their changesimmediately test the results of their changes
See how their system functions under heavy See how their system functions under heavy loads loads
Avoid discharging effluent that is above the Avoid discharging effluent that is above the regulatory limitregulatory limit
Oil and Grease Analysis with the Oil and Grease Analysis with the InfraCal TOG/TPH AnalyzersInfraCal TOG/TPH Analyzers
www.WilksIR.com
For questions or more information:For questions or more information:info@WilksIR.com info@WilksIR.com
203-855-9136203-855-9136