Industrial Psychology

Business &Industry ?

Business Industry

A business can be defined as an organization that provides goods and services to others who want or need them

What is an Industry ?

Industry refers to the production of economic goods(either material or a service) within an economy or firms producing same type of product or using the same raw materials

An organized action of producing goods and services for sale or combination of firms using same raw materials to produce a product or enterprises in the same field

Industry

Psychology

16–5

Study of individual, their personality andgroup behavior.

Nature of an Industry ?

4 Key Economic Areas

1 Primary Sector- mining & farming2 Secondary Sector- refining, construction & manufacturing

3 Tertiary Sector - Services4 Quaternary Sector – Research and Knowledge5 Quinary Sector - Non Profit Organizations

Nature of an Industry ?

3 Sectors

1 Private Sector2 Public Sector3 Cooperative Sector

Industries identified by product/Service: Industries identified by product/Service:

•Chemical industry •Automotive industry •Electronic industry•Hospitality industry•Food industry •Fish industry •Software industry•Paper industry•Retail Industry •Entertainment industry…….

•Labour-intensive industry •Capital-intensive industry•Small industry•Medium Industry •Heavy industry

OTHER CLASSIFICATION

• Employment•Goods and Services•Capital Generation•Growth of the Economy•Foreign Exchange•Contribution to GDP•Application of advancement in Technology….

Scope of Industry

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Fatigue

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Definition

Fatigue is temporary loss of strength and energy resulting from hard physical or mental work

Causes of Physical Fatigue

•Not getting Enough Sleep•Working for Long Hours•Chronic Diseases & other health Problems•Poor Physical Conditions•Lack of Exercises•Obesity•Stress due to Environment•Side Effects of Medicines

Causes of EmotionalFatigue

•Depression or Anxiety•Hiding Emotions from Others•A Major Life Change•Work Place Stress

How it can be prevented ?

• Adequate sleep or rest, particularly if working longer hours or doing more physical work.

•· If overweight, begin a weight loss program after a physical exam by doctor.

•· Walk or exercise regularly 3 or 4 times a week for at least 30 min

•· Take vitamin and mineral supplements as recommended by health care provider.

Individual Differences

Physique

Temperaments

Skills

JobKnowledge

Individuals

18

Job-KnowledgeJob-Knowledge

Job- One or more duties which require the services of one

employee to perform

Duty-A significant segment of work performed in a job ,usually comprising several Tasks

Tasks- identifiable work activity which comprises a logical & necessary steps in performance of a duty

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Job-KnowledgeJob-Knowledge

Job Description- Organised, factual Statement of duties of a specific Job

Job Specification-Statement of Minimum acceptable Human Qualities necessary to perform a job

Job Analysis- Process of studying and collecting Information relating to the operations and responsibilities of a specific Job

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JOBJOB

Holder ORG

Matching

Matching

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Existing levelOf

competence

Desired level ofcompetence

Gap( Training)

Training Gaps

PhysiologicalDifferences

•Visual,•Height•Weight•Strength of Grip•Hearing•Movement of Fingers•Movement of Legs•Movement of Hands•Voice•Appearance

What is an Intelligence ?

Capacity for Learning ,Understanding, aptitude in Grasping, reasoning , abstract thought

Intelligence

•Mental Ability•Aptitude•Knowledge•Numerical Ability•Power of Reasoning•Language•Scores in Tests

Interests

• Introvert•Extrovert•Painting•Acting•Public Speaking•Home and Family•Politics•Social

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Personality

Personality may be defined as the sum total of behavior or sum total of all the qualities or characteristics that an individual has inherited and acquired by experience.

P= F (HE)WhereF is functionH is hereditary characteristicsE is Environmental learning's

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Big FivePersonalityTraits

OpennessConscientiousnessAgreeablenessExtroversionNeuroticism

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Big Five personality traits

Openness

• Curious vs Cautious.• Transparency• Appreciation for art, emotion, adventure, unusual ideas,

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Big Five personality traits

Conscientiousness

•Efficient/ Organized vs.

Easy-going / careless.

• A tendency to show self-discipline, act dutifully, and aim for achievement

•Planned rather than spontaneous behaviour.

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Big Five personality traits

•Agreeableness

•Friendly / Compassionate vs. Competitive / Outspoken).

•A tendency to be Cooperative rather than suspicious

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Big Five personality traits •Neuroticism

•Sensitive / nervous vs. Secure / confident).

•A tendency to experience unpleasant emotions, such as anger, anxiety, depression

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Big Five personality traits

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Extroversion

•Outgoing / Energetic vs. Shy / Reserved.

• Positive emotions, and •The tendency to seek stimulation in the company of others.

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Extroverts &Introverts

Extroverts•Alert to their environment•Mix with people•Ups and down in mood•Express emotions•Impulsive in action•Likes action•Likes change•Adapts readily

Introverts•Absent minded•Avoid social Contacts•Apparently even tempered•Not Expressive•Thinks before acting•Likes reflection•Dislikes change•Not Easily Adaptable

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Learning is acquiring new or modifying existing knowledge, behaviours, skills, values, or preferences and may involve synthesizing different types of information.

What is Learning ?

Learning

CognitiveLearning

PsychomotorLearning

AffectiveLearning

What is an Perception ?

Perception is the process by which a human being interpret and organize sensation to produce a meaningful experience of the world. Sensation usually refers to the immediate, relatively unprocessed result of stimulation of sensory receptors in the eyes, ears, nose, tongue, or skin

Perception

•Thinking differs•Explanations differ•Ability Differs•Inspections differs•Interpretation differs•Understanding Differs•Style Differs•Speed Differs•Vision Differs

Perception

Perception

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A predisposition or a tendency to respond positively or negatively towards a certain idea, object, person, or situation

What is Attitude

Attitudes

•Beliefs•Stereotypes•Prejudices•Favorable or•Unfavorable•Disliking•Satisfaction level•Reactions

Motivation

•Needs Analysis•Motives– curiosity•Motive of power•Prestige motive•Learning Motive•Social Motives•Frustration Level•Hygiene Level•Achievement•Recognition•Growth/Advancement•Interest in the job•Conditions•Salaries and Allowances•Status•Company policies

Motivation

Maslow

Drucker

Likert

Taylor

Argyris

Herzberg

McClelland

McGregor

Mayo

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