IMMUNOLOGYDR. MA. TERESA S. FAJARDO

PEDIATRICSHEMATOLOGY/ ONCOLOGY

LYMPHOID ORGANSBONE MARROWTHYMUSLYMPH NODESSPLEENPERIPHERAL LYMPHOID TISSUES

BONE MARROW

SITE OF HEMATOPOEISISMOSTLY ON THE FLAT BONES AFTER PUBERTY

THYMUS

CENTRAL LYMPHOID ORGAN ACTIVE IN THE EARLY STAGES OF LIFE DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF PERIPHERAL LYMPHOID TISSUES ( SPLEEN , LN , MALT)

FUNCTIONS OF THE THYMUS

MATURATION OF THE PRECURSOR T- LYMPHOCYTES FROM THE BM INDUCTION OF IMMUNOCOMPETENCE

LYMPH NODES

ANATOMICAL GROUPINGS: NECK, AXILLA FEMORAL AND POPLITEAL AREAANTIGENS ARE DELIVERED VIA LYMPHATICS TO LN WHERE SPECIFIC IMMUNE RESPONSE ARE GENERATED

SPLEEN

VITAL FOR IMMUNE RESPONSE TO BLOOD BORNE ANTIGENSWASTE DISPOSAL SYSTEM ( MACROPHAGES)ASPLENIC PATIENTS ARE ALREADY RENDERED SUSCEPTIBLE TO INFECTION BY ENCAPSULATED BACTERIA

PERIPHERAL LYMPHOID ORGANS

MUCOSAL IMMUNITY IS A FUNCTION OF AGGREGATES OF LYMPHOCYTES MACROPHAGES AND ACCESSORY CELLS BENEATH THE MUCOSAL EPITHELIUMPAYER’S PATCHES IN THE SMALL INTESTINESMALT( MUCOSA ASS. LYMPHOID TISSUES)

CUTANEOUS IMMUNE SYSTEMINTRAEPIDERMAL LYMPHOCYTES LYMPHOCYTE AND ACCESSORY CELLS IN THE DERMISLANGERHAN’S CELL, AN ANTIGEN PRESENTING CELL IN THE SKIN

CELLULAR ELEMENTS OF THEIMMUNE SYSTEMLYMPHOCYTES MULTIPOTENTIAL CELLS WHICH CAN SERVE AS MEMORY AND EFFECTOR CELLS KILLER CELLS, IMMUNOREGULATORY CELLS AND IG- PRODUCING CELLS SYNTHESIZE AND SECRETE CYTOKINES

CLASSES OF LYMPHOCYTESB CELL ( BURSA/ BONE MARROW DERIVED)T CELL( THYMUS DERIVED)

NATURAL KILLER CELLS“ NULL CELLS” ( NO SURFACE MARKERS) LARGE GRANULAR LYMPHOCYTES 5 % of THE PERIPHERAL BLD LYMPHOCYTES PERFORM ANTIBODY DEPENDENT CELL CYTOTOXICITY ( ADCC) LYSIS OF TUMOR ( IMMUNOSURVEILLANCE) ANTI –CANCER RESPONSE 1ST LINE OF DEFENS IN NEONATAL HERPES VIRUS INFECTION

PHAGOCYTOSIS

PERIPHERAL DEFENSE MECHANISM AGAINST MICROORGANISMS

PHAGOCYTES

POLYMORPHONUCLEAR

MONONUCLEAR

FUNCTION OF THE PMNADHERENCE TO VASCULAR EPITHELIUM IN RESPONSE TO INFLAMMATORY MEDIATORSCHEMOTAXIS AS MIGRATION TOWARD SITE OF ANTIGEN OR MICROBIAL INVASIONKILLING OF INGESTED MICROORGANISM

FUNCTION OF THE MONONUCLEARLYMPHOCYTES INGESTION OF MICROORGANISMS AND

OTHER FOREIGN MATERIALS

EFFECTOR CELLS OF THEIMMUNE RESPONSE

EOSINOPHILS

MAST CELLS

BASOPHILS

EOSINOPHILSBONE MARROW DERIVED GRANULOCYTES WITH GRANULES CONTAINING PROTEINS THAT BINDS DYES AS EOSINPRINCIPAL EFFECTOR CELLS AGAINST HELMINTHIC PARASITES

MAST CELLS AND BASOPHILSEFFECTORS OF HYPERSENSITIVITYCARRY FC RECEPTORS FOR I g EINCREASED NUMBER OF IgE MOLECULES IN ALLERGIC PATIENTS

HUMORAL ELEMENTS OFTHE IMMUNE SYSTEMIMMUNOGLOBULIN

COMPLEMENT

CYTOKINES

CLUSTER DIFFERENTIATION ANTIGEN

IMMUNOGLOBULINS( ANTIBODIES)SERUM PROTEINS PRODUCED BY B CELLS ( SURFACE Ig) , PLASMA CELLS ( SECRETORY Ig) , COLOSTRUM , SALIVA , GIT AND UT20 % OF THE TOTAL PLASMA PROTEINS

IgM IO % OF THE NORMAL SERUM Ig

PENTAMER

LARGEST Ig

EARLIEST ANTIBODY IN RESPONSE TO Ag

IgGMOST ABUNDANT

CAN TRAVERSE THE PLACENTAL BARRIER

VITAL ROLE IN THE DEFENSE OF NEWBORN

AGAINST INFECTION

IgA SYNTHESIZED IN THE PLASMA CELLS

LOCATED IN THE SUBMUCOSA OF THE RESPIRATORY TRACT, INTESTINES, AND EXCRETORY GLANDS ANTIBODY IN PREVENTING INFECTION OF THE ABOVE ORGANS

IgD MONOMER

PRESENT IN THE SERUM IN SMALL AMOUNTS

PLAY A ROLE IN THE DIFFERENTIATION OF B CELLS

IgE PLAYS A ROLE IN PARASITIC INFECTION AND ALLERGIC REACTION

MEDIATES ACTIVATION OF THE EOSINOPHILS FOR THE IMMUNITY OF PARASITES AND IN THE LATE PHASE OF ALLERGIC REACTION

CLUSTER DIFFERENTIATIONANTIGENCELL SURFACE PROTEINS THAT IDENTIFY A CELL LINEAGE / DIFFERENTIATION STAGE ( PHENOTYPIC MARKERS )PROMOTE LYMPHOCYTIC ACTIVATION

IMMUNITY

MECHANISM INVOLVED IN THE RESISTANCE TO INFECTIOUS AND NON- INFECTIOUS FOREIGN SUBSTANCES

COLLECTIVE AND COORDINATED CELLULAR AND HUMORAL RESPONSE TO FOREIGN SUBSTANCES

TYPE 1IMMEDIATE HYPERSENSITIVITYPROTOTYPE : BRONCHIAL ASTHMAURTICARIAALLERGIC RHINITISALLERGIC CONJUNCTIVITISALLERGIC ASTHMASYSTEMIC ANAPHYLAXIS

TYPE 2ANTIBODY DEPENDENT CELLULARCYTOTOXICITYPROTOTYPE: HEMOLYTIC DISEASEERYTHROBLASTOSIS FETALISACQUIRED HEMOLYTIC ANEMIATHROMBOCYTOPENIAGOODPASTURE ‘ S SYNDROMEGRAFT REJECTIONNEUTROPENIA AND CHRONIC KERATITIS PEMPHIGUS

IMMUNE COMPLEXMEDIATED INJURYSERUM SICKNESSPOLYARTERITIS NODOSAPOST- STREPTOCCOCAL GLOMERULONEPHRITISARTHUS REACTIONRHEUMATOID ARTHRITISSLESTEVEN- JONSON SYNDROME

TYPE 4T – CELL MEDIATED/ DELAYED TYPEHYPERSENSITIVITY

PROTOTYPE : TUBERCULIN SKIN TESTAUTOIMMUNE DISEASESCONTACT ALLERGIC DERMATITISSYPHILISLEPROSYPARASITIC INFECTION