If a country has If a country has an abundance of an abundance of

natural resources, it natural resources, it has to be wealthy.has to be wealthy.

Colonialism in AfricaColonialism in Africa

World HistoryWorld HistoryMrs. DaviesMrs. Davies

April 10, 2008April 10, 2008Mr. Roth & Mrs. JarmerMr. Roth & Mrs. JarmerUpdate March 7, 2010Update March 7, 2010

Motives Behind Colonization:Motives Behind Colonization:National self-interest and the desire for National self-interest and the desire for

strength and influence around the world.strength and influence around the world. ““mercantilism” - an economic system to unify mercantilism” - an economic system to unify

and increase the power and especially the and increase the power and especially the monetary wealth of a nation by a strict monetary wealth of a nation by a strict governmental regulation of the entire national governmental regulation of the entire national economy usually through policies designed to economy usually through policies designed to secure an accumulation of bullion, a favorable secure an accumulation of bullion, a favorable balance of trade, the development of balance of trade, the development of agriculture and manufactures, and the agriculture and manufactures, and the establishment of foreign trading monopolies establishment of foreign trading monopolies

Motives Behind Colonization:Motives Behind Colonization:Economic Gain:Economic Gain:

New market for goodsNew market for goodsSource of raw materialsSource of raw materialsCheap laborCheap laborThe old belief that the possession of gold and The old belief that the possession of gold and

silver meant power.silver meant power.

Motives Behind Colonization:Motives Behind Colonization:Religious reasons:Religious reasons:

Elimination of other religionsElimination of other religionsTrade strategy – create a “friendly” space for Trade strategy – create a “friendly” space for

trade and commercetrade and commerceHumanitarian effortsHumanitarian efforts In the late 19In the late 19thth century - White Man’s Burden century - White Man’s Burden

White Man’s BurdenWhite Man’s Burden Rudyard Kipling, The White Man's Rudyard Kipling, The White Man's

Burden, 1899Burden, 1899

Colonial Powers and Their Colonial Powers and Their Holdings:Holdings:

Spain – South America, Central America, North Spain – South America, Central America, North AmericaAmerica

Portugal – South America, Persian Gulf coast, Portugal – South America, Persian Gulf coast, parts of India, parts of Asia and parts of Africaparts of India, parts of Asia and parts of Africa

The Netherlands – Parts of Asia, Indonesia, The Netherlands – Parts of Asia, Indonesia, North America and AfricaNorth America and Africa

England – North America, the Caribbean, East England – North America, the Caribbean, East Indies, India, Africa and the Middle EastIndies, India, Africa and the Middle East

(continued)(continued)France – North America, the Caribbean, France – North America, the Caribbean,

East and West Indies, Africa, the Middle East and West Indies, Africa, the Middle EastEast

Germany – AfricaGermany – AfricaBelgium – Interior of AfricaBelgium – Interior of Africa

Berlin Conference (1884)Berlin Conference (1884)The conference ushered in a period of heightened colonial activity on the part of the European powers, while simultaneously eliminating most existing forms of African autonomy and self-governance.

Dutch Colonialism:Dutch Colonialism:

England’s Influence - 1900England’s Influence - 1900

French ColonialismFrench Colonialism

Belgian ColonialismBelgian Colonialism

Spain and PortugalSpain and Portugal

German ColonialismGerman Colonialism

Based on the information provided, what do you think the message is behind this cartoon?