Human Physiology

Respiratory PhysiologyChapter 12

Ventilation

During inspiration, there is an decrease in the ___________ pressure.A. transpulmonaryB. intrapulmonaryC. intraabdominalD. alveolar ANSWER

Ventilation

During inspiration, there is an decrease in the ___________ pressure.A. transpulmonaryB. intrapulmonaryC. intraabdominalD. alveolar

Ventilation

Which volume remains in the lungs after a maximal expiration?A. Inspiratory reserve volume.B. Tidal volume.C. Residual volume.D. Vital capacity.E. Expiratory reserve volume.

ANSWER

Ventilation

Which volume remains in the lungs after a maximal expiration?A. Inspiratory reserve volume.B. Tidal volume.C. Residual volume.D. Vital capacity.E. Expiratory reserve volume.

ANSWER

Ventilation

A person has a vital capacity of 5 L, a tidal volume of 0.5 L, an inspiratory reserve volume of 3 L, and a residual volume of 2.5 L. What is his total lung volume?A. 5.5 L. B. 3.0 L. C. 7.5 L D. 8.0 L E. 4.5 L ANSWER

Ventilation

A person has a vital capacity of 5 L, a tidal volume of 0.5 L, an inspiratory reserve volume of 3 L, and a residual volume of 2.5 L. What is his total lung volume?A. 5.5 L. B. 3.0 L. C. 7.5 L D. 8.0 L E. 4.5 L

Ventilation400

Which of the following is true during inspiration? A. Intrapleural pressure is more positive than it is during expiration.B. The volume in the lungs is less than the functional residual capcity (FRC). C. Intrapleural pressure is more negative than it is during expiration. D. Alveolar pressure is higher than atmospheric pressure.

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ANSWER

Ventilation400

Which of the following is true during inspiration? A. Intrapleural pressure is more positive than it is during expiration.B. The volume in the lungs is less than the functional residual capcity (FRC). C. Intrapleural pressure is more negative than it is during expiration. D. Alveolar pressure is higher than atmospheric pressure.

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Ventilation500

A 45-year-old man is having generalized weakness of the skeletal muscles but is otherwise normal. Which of the following lung volumes or lung capacities most likely would be normal?A. Residual volume.B. Vital capacity.C. Functional residual capacity.D. Total lung capacity.E. Inspiratory reserve volume.

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ANSWER

Ventilation500

A 45-year-old man is having generalized weakness of the skeletal muscles but is otherwise normal. Which of the following lung volumes or lung capacities most likely would be normal?A. Residual volume.B. Vital capacity.C. Functional residual capacity.D. Total lung capacity.E. Inspiratory reserve volume.

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Gas Exchange 100

On the summit of Mt. Everest, where the barometric pressure is about 250 mm Hg, the partial pressure of O2 is approximately __________ mm Hg.

A. 5 B. 15 C. 25 D. 50 E. 75

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ANSWER

Gas Exchange 100

On the summit of Mt. Everest, where the barometric pressure is about 250 mm Hg, the partial pressure of O2 is approximately __________ mm Hg.

A. 5 B. 15 C. 25 D. 50 E. 75

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Gas Exchange 200

Respiratory membrane consists ofA. Alveolar membrane, the endothelium and the basement membrane of the pulmonary capillary.B. alveolar membrane and the basement membrane of the pulmonary capillary.C. alveolar membrane only.D. alveolar membrane and the endothelium.

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ANSWER

Gas Exchange 200

Respiratory membrane consists ofA. Alveolar membrane, the endothelium and the basement membrane of the pulmonary capillary.B. alveolar membrane and the basement membrane of the pulmonary capillary.C. alveolar membrane only.D. alveolar membrane and the endothelium.

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Gas Exchange 300

Which of the following has the greatest effect on the ability of blood to transport oxygen?A. pH of plasma.B. Capacity of the blood to dissolve oxygen.C. CO2 content of RBCs.D. Amount of hemoglobin in the blood.E. Temperature of the blood.

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ANSWER

Gas Exchange 300

Which of the following has the greatest effect on the ability of blood to transport oxygen?A. pH of plasma.B. Capacity of the blood to dissolve oxygen.C. CO2 content of RBCs.D. Amount of hemoglobin in the blood.E. Temperature of the blood. BACK TO GAME

Gas Exchange 400Daily Double!!!

Which of these statements about the PCO2 is true? It is higherA. in the alveoli than in the pulmonary arteries. B. in the pulmonary veins than in the pulmonary arteries. C. in the systemic veins than in the systemic arteries. D. than the PO2 in systemic arteries. E. than the PO2 in the alveoli. BACK TO GAME

ANSWER

Gas Exchange 400

Daily Double!!!

Which of these statements about the PCO2 is true? It is higherA. in the alveoli than in the pulmonary arteries. B. in the pulmonary veins than in the pulmonary arteries. C. in the systemic veins than in the systemic arteries. D. than the PO2 in systemic arteries. E. than the PO2 in the alveoli. BACK TO GAME

Gas Exchange 500

If an area of the lung is not ventilated because of bronchial obstruction, the pulmonary capillary blood serving that area will have a PO2 that isA. higher than inspired PO2.B. equal to normal systemic arterial PO2.C. equal to atmospheric PO2 .D. equal to venous PO2.E. lower than venous PO2. BACK TO GAME

ANSWER

Gas Exchange 500

If an area of the lung is not ventilated because of bronchial obstruction, the pulmonary capillary blood serving that area will have a PO2 that isA. higher than inspired PO2.B. equal to normal systemic arterial PO2.C. equal to atmospheric PO2 .D. equal to venous PO2.E. lower than venous PO2. BACK TO GAME

Regulation of Breathing100

The receptors that are stimulated by a decrease in the arterial blood PO2 are located in theA. carotid and aortic bodies.B. tissue capillaries.C. respiratory centers in the medulla.D. all of the above. BACK TO GAME

ANSWER

Regulation of Breathing100

The receptors that are stimulated by a decrease in the arterial blood PO2 are located in theA. carotid and aortic bodies.B. tissue capillaries.C. respiratory centers in the medulla.D. all of the above. BACK TO GAME

Regulation of Breathing200Daily Double!!!

Rhythmicity center for the control of automatic breathing is situated in the ____________. A. ponsB. medulla oblongataC. hypothalamusD. lungs

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ANSWER

Regulation of Breathing200Daily Double!!!

Rhythmicity center for the control of automatic breathing is situated in the ____________. A. ponsB. medulla oblongataC. hypothalamusD. lungs

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Regulation of Breathing300

Which of the following limits the duration of inspiration initiated by the medullary neurons?A. Apneustic center.B. Pneumotaxic center.C. Ventral respiratory group.D. Dorsal respiratory group.E. Respiratory muscles. BACK TO GAME

ANSWER

Regulation of Breathing300

Which of the following limits the duration of inspiration initiated by the medullary neurons?A. Apneustic center.B. Pneumotaxic center.C. Ventral respiratory group.D. Dorsal respiratory group.E. Respiratory muscles. BACK TO GAME

Regulation of Breathing400

Medullary chemoreceptors are sensitive toA. increased PCO2.B. decreased PO2.C. decreased pH.D. A and B.E. B and C.F. A, B and C. BACK TO GAME

ANSWER

Regulation of Breathing400

Medullary chemoreceptors are sensitive toA. increased PCO2.B. decreased PO2.C. decreased pH.D. A and B.E. B and C.F. A, B and C. BACK TO GAME

Regulation of Breathing500Daily Double!!!

Rearrange the following steps in the regulation of breathing by the chemoreceptors.A. Increased arterial PCO2. B. Increased PCO2 in the cerebrospinal fluid. C. Stimulation of medullary chemoreceptors. D. Hypoventilation. E. Hyperventilation. Correct order is __→ __→ __→ __→ __

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Regulation of Breathing500Daily Double!!!

Rearrange the following steps in the regulation of breathing by the chemoreceptors.A. Increased arterial PCO2. B. Increased PCO2 in the cerebrospinal fluid. C. Stimulation of medullary chemoreceptors. D. Hypoventilation. E. Hyperventilation. Correct order is D→A→ B→C→ E

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Oxygen Transport100

If the loading reaction occurs in the lungs, the unloading reaction occurs in the ________ capillaries.

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ANSWER

Oxygen Transport100

If the loading reaction occurs in the lungs, the unloading reaction occurs in the systemic capillaries.

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Oxygen Transport200

O2 delivery to the tissues would be reduced to the greatest extent inA. a patient with moderately severe metabolic acidosis.B. a patient with carbon monoxide poisoning.C. a normal subject breathing 100% oxygen on the top of Pikes Peak.D. a normal subject running a marathon at the sea level.

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Oxygen Transport200

O2 delivery to the tissues would be reduced to the greatest extent inA. a patient with moderately severe metabolic acidosis.B. a patient with carbon monoxide poisoning.C. a normal subject breathing 100% oxygen on the top of Pikes Peak.D. a normal subject running a marathon at the sea level. BACK TO GAME

Oxygen Transport300

According to the hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve, A. the greater the blood PO2, the greater the dissociation of O2 from hemoglobin.B. lower the BPG, higher the dissociation of O2.C. at normal systemic venous PO2, about 75%. of the hemoglobin is in the form of deoxyhemoglobin.D. at normal systemic arterial PO2, hemoglobin is about 97.5% saturated.

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ANSWER

Oxygen Transport300

According to the hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve, A. the greater the blood PO2, the greater the dissociation of O2 from hemoglobin.B. lower the BPG, higher the dissociation of O2.C. at normal systemic venous PO2, about 75%. of the hemoglobin is in the form of deoxyhemoglobin.D. at normal systemic arterial PO2, hemoglobin is about 97.5% saturated.

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Oxygen Transport400Daily Double!!!

In the hemoglobin-O2 dissociation curves shown here, the shift from curve A to curve B could be caused by decreased

A. pH.B. BPG.C. CO2.D.temperature.

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Oxygen Transport400Daily Double!!!

In the hemoglobin-O2 dissociation curves shown here, the shift from curve A to curve B could be caused by decreased

A. pH.B. BPG.C. CO2.D.temperature.

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Oxygen Transport500

In arterial blood with a PO2 of 60 mm Hg, which of the following situations will result in the lowest blood oxygen saturation?A. Elevated body temperature, acidosis, and increased BPG.B. normal body temperature with alkalosis.C. Decreased BPG with normal body temperature and blood pH.D. Decreased body temperature, alkalosis and increased BPG.E. elevated body temperature with alkalosis.

BACK TO GAMEANSWER

Oxygen Transport500

In arterial blood with a PO2 of 60 mm Hg, which of the following situations will result in the lowest blood oxygen saturation?A. Elevated body temperature, acidosis, and increased BPG.B. normal body temperature with alkalosis.C. Decreased BPG with normal body temperature and blood pH.D. Decreased body temperature, alkalosis and increased BPG.E. elevated body temperature with alkalosis.

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Carbon Dioxide Transport100

Which one of the following could cause hyperventilation? A. Breathing air with reduced PO2.B. Lower than normal blood PCO2.C. Higher than normal blood pH.D. Breathing air with increased PO2.

BACK TO GAMEANSWER

Carbon Dioxide Transport100

Which one of the following could cause hyperventilation? A. Breathing air with reduced PO2.B. Lower than normal blood PCO2.C. Higher than normal blood pH.D. Breathing air with increased PO2.

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Carbon Dioxide Transport200

As CO2 enters the blood from the tissue, which of the following occurs in the venous blood? (Assume that the blood has not reached the lung).A. Buffering of H+ by oxyhemoglobin.B. Conversion of CO2 and H2O to H+ and bicarbonate in the RBC.C. Binding of bicarbonate to hemoglobin.D. Movement of bicarbonate into the RBC in exchange for Cl-.

BACK TO GAMEANSWER

Carbon Dioxide Transport200

As CO2 enters the blood from the tissue, which of the following occurs in the venous blood? (Assume that the blood has not reached the lung).A. Buffering of H+ by oxyhemoglobin.B. Conversion of CO2 and H2O to H+ and bicarbonate in the RBC.C. Binding of bicarbonate to hemoglobin.D. Movement of bicarbonate into the RBC in exchange for Cl-.

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Carbon Dioxide Transport300

During gas exchange between systemic capillaries and the tissues, chloride ion movesA. into the RBC as bicarbonate moves out into the plasma.B. into the RBC as hydrogen ion moves into plasma.C. out of the RBC as bicarbonate moves into the plasma.D. into the RBC as bicarbonate binds with hemoglobin.E. out of the RBC as hydrogen ion moves into plasma. BACK TO GAMEANSWER

Carbon Dioxide Transport300

During gas exchange between systemic capillaries and the tissues, chloride ion movesA. into the RBC as bicarbonate moves out into the plasma.B. into the RBC as hydrogen ion moves into plasma.C. out of the RBC as bicarbonate moves into the plasma.D. into the RBC as bicarbonate binds with hemoglobin.E. out of the RBC as hydrogen ion moves into plasma.

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Carbon Dioxide Transport400

In uncompensated metabolic alkalosisA. The plasma pH is high and the plasma HCO3- concentration and arterial PCO2 are low.B. the plasma pH and the plasma HCO3- levels are low and the arterial PCO2 is normal.C. the plasma pH and the plasma HCO3- concentrations are high and the arterial PCO2 is normal.D. the plasma pH is low, the plasma HCO3- concentration is high, and the arterial PCO2 is normal.E. The plasma pH is high, the plasma HCO3- concentration is low and arterial PCO2 is normal.

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ANSWER

Carbon Dioxide Transport400

In uncompensated metabolic alkalosisA. The plasma pH is high and the plasma HCO3- concentration and arterial PCO2 are low.B. the plasma pH and the plasma HCO3- levels are low and the arterial PCO2 is normal.C. the plasma pH and the plasma HCO3- concentrations are high and the arterial PCO2 is normal.D. the plasma pH is low, the plasma HCO3- concentration is high, and the arterial PCO2 is normal.E. The plasma pH is high, the plasma HCO3- concentration is low and arterial PCO2 is normal.

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Carbon Dioxide Transport 500

A 14-year old girl with food poisoning is found to have metabolic alkalosis. Which of the following may be the direct cause of her acid-base imbalance?A. Decreased H+ production.B. Increased ventilation.C. Compensatory hypoventilation.D. Increased H+ loss due to vomiting.

Daily Double!!!

BACK TO GAMEANSWER

Carbon Dioxide Transport 500

A 14-year old girl with food poisoning is found to have metabolic alkalosis. Which of the following may be the direct cause of her acid-base imbalance?A. Decreased H+ production.B. Increased ventilation.C. Compensatory hypoventilation.D. Increased H+ loss due to vomiting.

Daily Double!!!

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