HUMAN DISEASE

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/s/

diseases_and_conditions/a/

MEDICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY

• Seeks to – Understand human health and disease– Use biotechnologies to prevent, diagnose,

treat/cure disease and its recurrence

HUMAN DISEASE

• Acute– Structural such as gallstones– Infectious such as pneumonia

• Chronic– stable (stays the same)– Progressive, gets worse and sometimes negatively

affects other areas of the body – Some do both in different people

HUMAN DISEASE

• Genetic – Down’s syndrome• Behavioral – smoking causes lung cancer

HUMAN DISEASE: Classified by impacted organ, tissue or cellular system

• Cardiovascular• Pulmonary• Renal• Gastrointestinal• Liver and biliary system• Hematologic• Metabolic• Endocrine

HUMAN DISEASE: Classified by impacted organ, tissue or cellular system

• Women’s and Men’s health• oncologic• Bone and bone mineral metabolism• Musculoskeletal and connective tissue• Neurologic• Infectious• Aging• Substance abuse

http://www.ivy-rose.co.uk/Revise/AnatomyPhysiology/index.php

http://www.nccpa.net/ExamsContentBPOrgans.aspx

CASE STUDY HEPATITIS C VIRUS• Infection of the liver leading to inflammation• Some(15%) people recover from infection; most

become chronic carriers• Most infections are asymptomatic for about 20 years• Complicated disease process that progresses but not

in all patients• Immune response and genome (HLA) impact

outcome• Liver cancer• Liver failure

NORMAL FIBROTIC CIRRHOTIC

CASE STUDY – DOWN SYNDROME

• Genetic defect – 3 copies of chromosome 21 occurs early in embryo development; = error in cell division

• Identified prenatally• Causes problems with the way the body and

brain develop• Most common chromosomal defect

CASE STUDY – DOWN SYNDROME

• Mild to severe in terms of physical appearance as well as mental and social development

• low muscle tone, small stature, an upward slant to the eyes, and a single deep crease across the center of the palm

CASE STUDY - BEHAVIORAL

• Lung cancer because of smoking• Liver disease because of alcohol abuse

CASE STUDY – MYASTHENIA GRAVIS

• Acquired autoimmune disorder that lessens transmission across neuromuscular junctions weakening muscle responses– Autoantibodies to acetylcholine receptor

(AChR )block binding of Ach• Weakens voluntary skeletal or ocular muscles• Loss of facial expression, muscle fatigue,

droopy eyelids• Female to male ration = 6:4