Post on 25-Dec-2015
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Health and Safety
•Charlie Crist, Governor•Jim De Beaugrine, Director
Updated 8/2010
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Health and Safety
Health
and
Safety
Course(One of two required components of Core Competency Training)
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Today’s Agenda Module 1: Training Overview
Module 2: Health Overview
Module 3: Medication Awareness
Module 4: Infection Control and Food Safety
Module 5: Emergency Preparedness and Response
Module 6: Health & Safety Summary & Course Quiz
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Purpose of This Course
• Equip participants to provide maximum health and safety standards
• Equip you to share this knowledge
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Who Should Participate
Individuals who are serving people that are:• Attending Adult Day Training programs • Receiving Residential Supports and Services • Receiving Companion Services • Participating in Supported Employment • Receiving any other community-based services
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Length of Course
• The estimated completion time for this course is 6 hours.
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Module 2 Health Overview
Five responsibilities for providing
optimum health care Graphic Here
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Key Learning ObjectivesList the five responsibilities for providing health
care Demonstrate accurate documentation of health
care information Demonstrate how to report changes Demonstrate how to take appropriate action Describe examples of non-emergency situationsState actions to take for non-emergency situations Describe conditions that constitute an emergency
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State when, to whom, and how to report an emergency
Describe “other changes”
Key Learning Objectives (Cont’d)
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Five Responsibilities of the Support Professional
1. Observe
Useyour
5 senses
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Five Responsibilities of the Support Professional
2. DocumentCreate a
behavioral and
physicalsnapshot
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Five Responsibilities of the Support Professional
3. ReportWho
WhatWhen
Where
Why
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Five Responsibilities of the Support Professional
4. Take Action
ActionStabilize
Use Decision
Tree
Get help?
React appropriately
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Five Responsibilities of the Support Professional
5. Follow Up• Optimal
health• Completes
medication• Document
changes
Observe Document ReportTake
Action
Follow Up
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Observing
You can pick up clues that a person’s health is changing by monitoring vital signs, which include:
Temperature Pulse Blood pressure Respiration
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Behavioral Observations Mood changes (withdrawal, demanding more
affection, more aggressive physical or verbal behavioral outbursts) or abusiveness
Unusual fatigue or signs of depression including crying spells, not cooperating, or unusual interactions including grabbing or hanging on to other people
Becoming more withdrawn and less interested in what others say
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Behavioral Observations (Cont’d)
Increases in the number, type, length, or response of the person before, during, and after a seizure
Behavior that may harm self, such as head banging, scratching, and picking at own hair or skin
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External ObservationsChanges in skin, including scratches, burns, and
bruises
Blood in stool or urine or on toilet paper
Blue- or purple-tipped nails, lips, fingers, or toes, indicating lack of oxygen in the blood (cyanosis)
Any infection that does not respond to treatment after a physician’s recommended period of time
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External Observations (Cont’d)Weight gain or loss
Conditions that decrease mobility (broken bone, strained or sprained muscle or ligament)
Changes in breathing patterns during sleep
Changes in patterns of elimination in either the bowel or the bladder
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Internal ObservationsIncreases in sinus and lung congestion including
wheezing, coughing, gagging, or difficult breathing
Increased or decreased blood sugar levels in people who have diabetes
Repeated episodes of high or low body temperatures (hypo- or hyperthermia), especially if not previously experienced
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Activity 1: Observation
Complete this Exercise
in
your Participant’s Guide
on Page 11-12.
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Documentation• Provides a history of the person’s health so that
changes can easily be detected.
• Helps track these changes.
Key point:
Information you write down
must be measurable!
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Activity 2: Documentation
Complete the Exercise
in
your Participant’s Guide
on Page 14
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Reporting
• Who to tell?
– Legal representative– Family – Other support professionals– Medical personnel
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Reporting (Cont’d)
• Why report health status to others?
Others may need to make decisions based on the changes you’ve observed
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Reporting (Cont’d)
• What to report:
– When changes first appeared– Changes over time (trends)– Any factors you or others observed or wrote
down that might have caused these changes
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Activity 3: Reporting
Complete the Exercise
in your Participant’s Guide
On Page 19.
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Taking Action
See Decision Tree
What’s difference between life-threatening and non-life-threatening situations?
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Activity 4: Taking Action
Complete the Exercise
in your Participant’s Guide
on Page 22
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Follow Up
• Observe
• Document
• Report
• Take Action
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Activity 5: Follow Up
Complete the Exercise
in your Participant’s Guide
on Page 24
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Module 3Medication Awareness
Welcome to the Health Overview module. In this module you’ll learn a simple way to remember the five responsibilities you have in providing for the optimum health of a person with developmental disabilities.
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Key Learning ObjectivesList and describe four possible effects of medication
List and describe three possible effects of drug interactions
Describe information that must go with person to the doctor, and identify your agency’s policy for acquiring this information
List four items of information that must be obtained when a new medication is ordered
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Key Learning Objectives (Cont’d)Determine whether order and label agree
List medication documents that the law requires you to keep
Demonstrate proper preparation of all medication forms required by your agency
Explain when/how to report physical and behavioral changes
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Key Learning Objectives (Cont’d) Identify proper and improper medication storage
practices
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The Possible Effects of Medication
1. Desired Effects
2. Side Effects
3. No Effect
4. Adverse Effects
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Desired Effects
Drug has done what it was meant to do!
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Side Effects
Expected, usually mild or easily treated
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No EffectsNo change
after the allotted time
for a drug to take effect
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Adverse Effect
Severe allergic or other physical reaction
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Effects of Drug Interactions
1. Drug Potentiation
2. Drug Antagonism
3. New Effects
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Drug Potentiation
When effects of one or more drugs are increased
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Drug Antagonism
When effects of one or more drugs are decreased
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New Effects
When two or more drugs are taken together, totally new effects may occur
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Activity 6. Drug Effects & Interactions
Complete the Exercise
in your Participant’s Guide
On Page 31
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Information That Goes with a Person to the Physician
• make sure certain information is provided to the doctor
• See the chart in your Participant’s Guide (page 32) to help you organize information
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Information Obtained From the Physician
1. Written Physician’s Order
2. Written Prescription
3. Purpose and Desired Effect of the Drug
4. Response Time
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Activity 7. Information Obtained from a Physician
Complete the Exercise
in your Participant’s Guide
on pages 36 - 37
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Checking Physician’s Order and Pharmacy Label
• Before having prescription filled, make sure you understand specifically what the doctor ordered (e.g., drug name, dosage, directions, numbers of refills remaining, etc.)
• Compare order with what you receive • If different, have pharmacist correct
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Required Agency Documents
1. The medication in the container supplied by the pharmacist
2. A correct and legible label on the container 3. A written physician’s order for the medication 4. Answers to the questions in the table you just
printed
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Effects of Medications
• Medication can cause unwanted side effects
• Communicate all signs and symptoms you observed
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Storing Medications
Refer to information from pharmacist about medication storage
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Module 4—Infection Control & Food Safety
The purpose of this module is to equip direct support professionals with principles and practices that will ensure a healthy, safe eating environment. Also, as much as possible, direct support professionals need to instill these principles and practices in individuals receiving supports and services.
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Key Learning ObjectivesApply nutritional guidelines when cooking
meals or assisting others
List seven methods of proper food handling and storage
Define the term Standard Precautions
List three ways to prevent spreading infection
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Nutritional Guidelines
• MyPyramid
• See your Participant’s Guide and Reproducible Job Aids for the detailed guidelines.
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Special Diets• Some medical conditions require special
preparations, types, and amounts of foods - such as diabetes, Prader-Willi, swallowing difficulties, and heart conditions.
• Dietician usually provides instructions for the foods people with this condition can eat.
• Follow the dietician’s guidelines for people with unique food needs, and be sure to observe, document, and report any changes in the person’s behavior or appearance.
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Activity 8: Anatomy of the Pyramid
Turn to the page titled Anatomy of MyPyramid in the Reproducible Job Aids Booklet (pages 15 – 29) and discuss each section (activity, moderation, personalization, proportionality, variety, and gradual improvement).
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Food Handling and Storage
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Standard Precautions for Infection Control
Refers to
a group of prevention practices that apply to all people,
regardless
of whether they
have a diagnosed infection or not.
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What does this mean?
Blood, secretions, excretions, broken skin
and mucous membranes MAY contain infectious
agents.
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How do you protect yourself & others?
1. Running water2. Soap3. Rub hands together 30
sec.4. Rinse & dry hands5. Turn off water using same
towel used for drying hands
6. Dispose of towel
Wash Your Hands!
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Wear protective equipment
Disposable gloves
Gowns
Mouth protection
Nose protection
Eye protection
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Another Wayto prevent the spread of infection
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Best Way to prevent
the spread of infection?
Wash
Your
Hands
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Activity 9: Ways to Better Assure a Healthy Living EnvironmentRefer to the pages in the Job Aids Booklet (pages 32 – 34 related to this module, break into groups of 4 and review specific job aids; discuss how aids can be used in specific residential settings; develop a list of aids that would make
good posters; and suggest where to post.
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Module 5—
Emergency Preparedness & Response The purpose of this module is to
equip direct support professionals with guidelines and principles in the event of various emergencies and natural disasters.
Also, as much as possible, direct support professionals need to instill these principles and practices in individuals receiving supports and services.
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Key Learning Objectives
Describe safety measures involved with emergency situations such as fires, poisonings, floods, hurricanes, etc.
Identify appropriate disaster and emergency procedures.
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Stocking a First Aid Kit
Include:
– Instruments
– Medicines
– Dressings
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Instruments
• Tweezers
• Scissors
• Thermometer
• Safety Pins
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Medicines
• emergency medication
• antiseptic
• antiseptic cream
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Dressings
• gauze
• paper tissues
• bandages
• sterile dressings
• self-stick dressing strips
• adhesive strapping
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Safety Measures in Emergency Situations
• Most emergencies that you’ll have to respond to fall in one of these categories:– Residential Fire– Electrical Shock– Chemicals and Poisonings– Falls
• See your Participant’s Guide for procedures to handle these types of emergencies.
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Activity 10. Emergency Response
Complete the Exercise
in your Participant’s Guide
on Page 60
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Creating a Disaster Preparedness Kit
• Just as you need a First Aid Kit to prepare for the emergencies we’ve discussed, you’ll also need a Disaster Preparedness Kit for oncoming disasters such as hurricanes, floods, tornadoes, and forest fires.
• See your Participant’s Guide for Disaster Preparedness Kit Guidelines.
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Safety Measures in Natural Disasters
• Florida’s most frequent and devastating natural disasters are:HurricanesFloodsTornadoesForest Fires
• See your Participant’s Guide for Natural Disaster Guidelines (pages 63-64).
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Activity 11. Natural Disaster Preparation
Complete the Exercise
in your Participant’s Guide
on Pages 65 - 66
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Residential Disaster Plan
Use the document
about Residential Disaster Planning
in your Participant’s Guide (pages 67-73)
to keep you and people you work with
safe when disaster strikes.
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Module 6—Health & Safety Summary & Course Quiz
Congratulations! You have completed the Health & Safety course!
This final module will provide you with a summary of what you have learned, and allow you to access the final course quiz.
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Summary
• What questions do you still have?
• Are there topics you wish to review?
• Is there anything else that should be discussed prior to finishing our session?
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In Conclusion