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HARJEET SINGH

harjeet@kpwkm.gov.my

Deputy Secretary-General (Strategic)

Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development, MALAYSIA

GENDER RESPONSIVE BUDGETIN MALAYSIA

13 JUNE 2012

“Government commitment towards increasing the effective involvement of women in overall national development. As

women constitute a vital economic resource, the government’s goal is, therefore, to integrate women as equal

partners in nation building”

Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohammad4th Malaysia Prime Minister

SPECIAL CHAPTER: WOMEN IN

DEVELOPMENT

6TH MALAYSIA PLAN (1991-1995)

Women are the basis of a happy family and essence of a successful nation.

Measures to be taken to increase women's participation at all levels, including decision makers and entrepreneurship.

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FOSTERING PROGRESSIVE AND INCLUSIVE SOCIETY

10TH MALAYSIA PLAN(2011-2015)

Related existing laws and regulations will be reviewed to create a more conducive environment to encourage more participation of women in the labour force.

Private sector to increase the representation of women, particularly in senior positions such as chief executive officer and members of the board of directors.

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10TH MALAYSIA PLAN(2011-2015)

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To increase allocation to support women with low income and those who are single mother

To increase women participation at the decision making level

To increase women involvement in the labour force

Key Programmes

To eliminate all discrimination against women

10TH MALAYSIA PLAN(2011-2015)

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• In 2011, the female labour force participation rate is 47.9% compared to men which is 79.8%.

• National target is to increase the female labour force participation rate to 55% in 2015.

10TH MALAYSIA PLAN(2011-2015)

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GENDER RESPONSIVEBUDGET

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Introductory workshops were organised by the Ministry of Women and Family Development

2001

BACKGROUND

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November 2002

March 2004

4 ministries were selected

A working group was formed

An international gender expert and two local consultants were appointed

Ministry of Higher Education became part of the pilot ministries

BACKGROUND

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Higher Education

PILOT MINISTRIES

Education

Human Resources

Health

Rural Development

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Trainings:

July 2003Workshop for officers of pilot ministries and central agencies

January & August 2004 Hands-on workshops

December 2004

Training for Budget Review Officers

June 2005 Training of trainers

July 2007July 2008 Nov 2008Apr 2009

Trainings by National Institute for Public Administration (INTAN)

INITIATIVES TAKEN

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INITIATIVES TAKEN

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A directive to the pilot ministries to implement gender budgeting for selected programmes for the operating budget for the years 2006 and 2007.

Other ministries are encouraged to implement gender budgeting.

TREASURY CALL CIRCULAR NO. 10 YEAR 2004 & CIRCULAR NO. 2 YEAR 2007

TREASURY CALL CIRCULAR NO. 2 YEAR 2009

INITIATIVES TAKEN

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Paragraph 21

TREASURY CIRCULAR No. 2/2007

Controlling officers of the pilot ministries are mandated to use gender budget analysis in preparing their budget submissions;

Other ministries are encouraged to do so;

Gender issues could be incorporated in the Objective, Needs/policy analysis, Clients, Functions and Programme evaluation plan; and

Output specification and Impact indicators should based on sex-disaggregated data wherever possible.

• To ensure the continuation of the implementation of gender equality in national budget system, all the ministries and agencies must ensure gender-based needs have been taken account of the planning process.

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Paragraph 34

TREASURY CIRCULAR No. 3/2012

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JANUARYCall Circularfor New Year Estimates

APRIL Preliminary Analysis

Agencies prepare

and Submit NewYear Estimates

MAY-JULYBudget

examination

NOVEMBERDetermination of ET by Treasury

SEPTEMBERBudget Document

Printed and submitted to Parliament

FEDERAL TREASURY(BUDGET MANAGEMENT DIVISION)

BUDGET CYCLE

SEPTEMBER-DECEMBERParliament Debates and

Approves New Year Budget

Budget Executionby Agencies

END OF DECEMBERMinister of Finance issues

Warrant of Expenditure

JULY - AUGUST Approval of New Year Estimates by the Minister of Finance and Cabinet

Disbursement/Reportingby Accountant General

MARCHReceive submissions

and BRO makesIndividual Study

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Categories of Expenditure Approach

Targeted gender-based expenditures of government agencies

Equal employment expenditure on government employers

General (mainstreaming) budget expenditure judged on its impact on

women and men, girls and boys.

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2

3

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Five-step approach of gender budget analysis

Describe the situation of men and women, boys and girls in the sector

(Needs analysis/ Clients)

Asses the policy, programmes, and projects in terms of their gender sensitivity (Policy/Programme)

Asses whether adequate financial and other resources are allocated to

implement the gender sensitive policy effectively (Input)

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2

3

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Programme Agreement

Programme Agreement (ABM-2)

An agreement between the agency and the Ministry of Finance on the input to be used, expected output and the impact of each planned activity.

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Supply HeadAgencyProgrammeActivityCodeSource of Authority

Objective Needs Analysis /

Policy Clients

Items could incorporate

gender issues

FORMAT ABM-2

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Sources

Output specification

Impact indicators Programme

evaluation plan

Items could incorporate

gender issues

FORMAT ABM-2

Functions

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Five-step approach of gender budget analysis

Describe the situation of men and women, boys and girls in the sector

(Needs analysis/ Clients)

Asses the policy, programmes, and projects in terms of their gender sensitivity (Policy/Programme)

Asses whether adequate financial and other resources are allocated to

implement the gender sensitive policy effectively (Input)

1

2

3

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Five-step approach of gender budget analysis

Monitor whether the expenditure allocated in Step 3 is spent as planned

(Output)

Assess whether the policy, together with the associated expenditure, has promoted gender equity as intended,

and changed the situation described in Step 1 (Impact/Result)

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5

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Programme evaluation plan

Function

Objective

Output Specification

Needs Analysis/Policy

Clients

Impact Indicators

Implement activities

Performance Report

Programme Evaluation

Measuring &Monitoring

Budget Approval

Clients problems

Alternative policy

Strategy

Stage 1-Preparation of Programme Agreement

Stage 2-Implementation of Programme Agreement

G

E

N

D

E

R

I

S

S

U

E

S Continuous Improvement

PROGRAMME AGREEMENT

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PILOT MINISTRIES AND SELECTED PROGRAMMES

MINISTRY OPERATING BUDGET

MOE Primary education

MOHE Selected universities

MOH OrthopedicFamily health development

MOHR Manpower Department

MRRD Community developmentChild development

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MINISTRIES WHICH INCORPORATED GENDER PERSPECTIVES

MINISTRY ITEM (S)

JHEOA Activity 4: Education and Mindset Development

MOHR Ministry’s objective

MOH Activity 2: Family health development

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GENDER SENSITIVE NATIONAL POLICY AND NATIONAL

ECONOMY PLAN

Gender Equality Intervention

National Budget 2012

RM 50 million has allocated for HPV vaccination for catch-up group.

RM700 million to build Hospital for women and children

RM 10 million has been allocated to conduct training programmes to attract women professional back to labour force and to increase women in decision-making in the corporate sector.

 

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GENDER EQUALITY INTERVENTION

Gender perspective has been incorporated into national economy plan, Economic Transformation Programme.

Leveraging Women’s Talent To Increase Productivity is one of the themes under the Human Capital Development Strategic Initiatives Reforms.

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ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION PROGRAMME

programme for the elimination of poverty has a specific target to increase income of poor women household.

Programme 1 Azam – 4,000 women entrepreneurs by 2012 .

RM300 million has been allocated to Tabung Ekonomi Kumpulan Usaha Niaga (TEKUN) and RM2.1 million has been allocated to Tabung Keusahawanan Amanah Ikhtiar Malaysia for entrepreneurs especially women to be involved in entrepreneurial activities and explore new economy activities.

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PRO POOR GROWTH

Annual budget by the ministries

National Budget – gender equality intervention

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• Programme for Pro Poor Growth – 1 Azam

Incorporation of gender perspective in Economic Transformation Programme

PUBLIC EXPENDITURE

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CHALLENGES

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Lack of emphasis on the implementation of gender budgeting

Role of BROs in the implementation of gender budget analysis

CHALLENGES

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Lack of Monitoring

Lack of understanding of gender concept and issues

Lack of sex disaggregated data

CHALLENGES

Lack of expertise

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• Gender equality must be one of the national agenda.

• With gender equality is one of the national agenda, the national budget must take account of gender perspective and issues.

• Each component of the cycle of public sector management system must be gender sensitive.

CHALLENGES

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• The challenge now is monitoring and evaluation to ensure the effectiveness of the government expenditure as well as to assess the impact of government expenditure on people.

• Sex disaggregated data plays an important role in monitoring and evaluation.

• Lack of understanding the importance of sex disaggregated data and lack of gender analysis skills among the policy makers.

CHALLENGES

• Effort to collect and collate sex-disaggregated data in order to identify specific gender issues that affect women and men differently

• 2008: Directive by Chief Secretary to all Government agencies to produce sex-disaggregated data

• Treasury Call Circular No. 2 Year 2011 : Government agencies to produce sex-disaggregated data for preparation of annual budget

SEX DISAGGREGATED DATA

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GENDER FOCAL POINT (GFP)

42 GFPs have been appointed among Deputy Secretary General and Deputy Director General of all ministries and agencies.

Roles of GFP: to assist the Government in the

implementation of gender mainstreaming initiatives; and

to ensure policies and legislation or programmes implemented take into account the gender perspective.

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• Ministry of Financeo Issuance of specific Treasury

Circular on gender budgeting

o Emphasise on gender budget analysis during the budget examination

o Monitor the implementation of Gender Budgeting in accordance with the Circular

THE WAY FORWARD

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• Ministries/Agencies

o Obligate relevant officers to attend courses on gender budgeting organised by INTAN

• INTAN

o To develop a pool of trainers (officers from various ministries / agencies to act as resource persons

THE WAY FORWARD…con’t

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• MWFCD

o Intensify training on gender sensitisation to officers in the public sector

THE WAY FORWARD…con’t

Ministry of Women, Family and Community

Development

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• Malaysia is moving towards the implementation of outcome-based budgeting (OBB).

• MWFCD is cooperating with MOF to include GRB in OBB as:

o Both are people oriented budgeting system which based on the needs identified; and

o Both are result-based management.

THE WAY FORWARD…con’t

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• May 2012: Discussions held between MWFCD and MOF

o both have common view that GRB can be included in OBB.

o Each component of OBB from the needs of clients/stakeholders, strategies, output and outcome must be gender responsive.

THE WAY FORWARD…con’t

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THANK YOU